Metabolic Profiling of Rumen Fluid and Milk in Lactating Dairy Cattle Influenced by Subclinical Ketosis Using Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Eom, Jun Sik; Kim, Hyun-Sang; Lee, Shin-Ja; Choi, Youyoung; Jo, Seong-Uk; Kim, Jaemin; Lee, Sang-Suk; Kim, Eun-Tae; Lee, Sung Sill

doi:10.3390/ani11092526

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…CON and SCK Holstein lactating dairy cow general information (month-old, body weight, parity, milk yield, BHB concentration and number of experimental animals), total experimental day (14 days), diet adaptation period (4 days) blood BHB concentration monitoring period (9 days), blood and urine samples collected day (last day of the experiment) were same of previously Eom et al study [ 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic profiling of serum and urine in lactating dairy cows affected by subclinical ketosis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Eom¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2022

J Anim Sci Technol

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Ketosis is associated with high milk yield during lactating or insufficient feed intake in lactating dairy cows. However, few studies have been conducted on the metabolomics of ketosis in Korean lactating dairy cows. The present study aimed to investigate the serum and urine metabolites profiling of lactating dairy cows through proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) spectroscopy and comparing those between healthy (CON) and subclinical ketosis (SCK) groups. Six lactating dairy cows were categorized into CON and SCK groups. All experimental Holstein cows were fed total mixed ration. Serum and urine samples were collected from the jugular vein of the neck and by hand sweeping the perineum, respectively. The metabolites in the serum and urine were determined using 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. Identification and quantification of metabolites was performed by Chenomx NMR Suite 8.4 software. Metabolites statistical analysis was performed by Metaboanalyst version 5.0 program. In the serum, the acetoacetate level was significantly ( p < 0.05) higher in the SCK group than in the CON group, and whereas acetate, galactose and pyruvate levels tended to be higher. CON group had significantly ( p < 0.05) higher levels of 5-aminolevulinate and betaine. Indole-3-acetate, theophylline, p-cresol, 3-hydroxymandelate, gentisate, N -acetylglucosamine, N -nitrosodimethylamine, xanthine and pyridoxine levels were significantly ( p < 0.05) higher in the urine of the SCK group than that in the CON group, which had higher levels of homogentisate, ribose, gluconate, ethylene glycol, maltose, 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate and glycocholate. Some significantly ( p < 0.05) different metabolites in the serum and urine were associated with ketosis diseases, inflammation, energy balance and body weight. This study will be contributed useful a future ketosis metabolomics studies in Korea.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All experimental cows were fed total mixed ration (TMR). The consumed CON and SCK groups feed intake amount, same of previously Eom et al study [ 22 ]. The results of chemical composition of the TMR is shown Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic profiling of serum and urine in lactating dairy cows affected by subclinical ketosis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Eom¹,

Lee²,

Kim³

et al. 2022

J Anim Sci Technol

Self Cite

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“…The current 1 H NMR-based biomarker discovery was carried out employing six buffaloes in each group (pregnant and non-pregnant) at different time points that satisfied the criteria of univariate and multivariate statistical analyses in MetaboAnalyst 5.0 program. Similarly, 1 H NMR-based metabolomics approach was undertaken to effectively diagnose subclinical ketosis in Holstein cows using six animals each in diseased and control groups 53 . Association between the udder health and milk metabolite profile was also elucidated using NMR spectroscopy employing ten animals divided into two groups based on somatic cell count, each group consisted of five animals 54 .…”

Section: Metabolic Pathway Impact and Functional Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of urinary metabolite dynamicity for early detection of pregnancy in water buffaloes

Sarangi

Ghosh²,

Sangwan

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Early and precise pregnancy diagnosis can reduce the calving interval by minimizing postpartum period. The present study explored the differential urinary metabolites between pregnant and non-pregnant Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) during early gestation to identify potential pregnancy detection biomarkers. Urine samples were collected on day 0, 10, 18, 35 and 42 of gestation from the pregnant (n = 6) and on day 0, 10 and 18 post-insemination from the non-pregnant (n = 6) animals. 1H-NMR-based untargeted metabolomics followed by multivariate analysis initially identified twenty-four differentially expressed metabolites, among them 3-Hydroxykynurenine, Anthranilate, Tyrosine and 5-Hydroxytryptophan depicted consistent trends and matched the selection criteria of potential biomarkers. Predictive ability of these individual biomarkers through ROC curve analyses yielded AUC values of 0.6–0.8. Subsequently, a logistic regression model was constructed using the most suitable metabolite combination to improve diagnostic accuracy. The combination of Anthranilate, 3-Hydroxykynurenine, and Tyrosine yielded the best AUC value of 0.804. Aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, Tryptophan metabolism, Phenylalanine and Tyrosine metabolism were identified as potential pathway modulations during early gestation. The identified biomarkers were either precursors or products of these metabolic pathways, thus justifying their relevance. The study facilitates precise non-invassive urinary metabolite-based pen-side early pregnancy diagnostics in buffaloes, eminently before 21 days post-insemination.

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“…Recently, proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) technology has been increasingly used for cows to probe the differences in metabolites between diseased and non-diseased states. However, these studies involved negative energy balance [14], inactive ovaries [15], displaced abomasum [16], milk fever [17], mastitis [18], and ketosis [19][20][21][22][23], but not VED. For metabolic phenotyping, 1 H NMR spectroscopy is among the preferred analytical techniques [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Metabolic Characterization of Vitamin E Deficiency in Holstein Cows during the Transition Period Based on Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Song,

Wang,

Sun

et al. 2023

Animals

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Vitamin E, a potent antioxidant, is a necessary and complex micronutrient for cows. During the transition period, vitamin E deficiency (VED) is among the highest prevalent micronutrient deficits in dairy cows. It may eventually result in oxidative stress and immunological malfunction, and it increases the risk of peripartum disorders. At present, detailed data on blood metabolites in VED cows are limited. Consequently, the purpose of this research was to examine the alterations in the serum metabolic profile of VED cows throughout the early postpartum period. Using comprehensive 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), the alterations in serum metabolic activities of VED cows were analyzed. In total, 28 multiparous Holstein cows were assigned according to serum α-tocopherol (α-Toc) concentrations into normal (α-Toc ≥ 4 μg/mL, n = 14) and VED (α-Toc < 3 μg/mL, n = 14) groups at 21 days postpartum, and their blood samples were collected for biochemical and 1H NMR analyses. A t-test on independent samples as well as multivariate statistics were used to assess the findings. In comparison with normal cows, VED cows showed significantly worse body condition scores, milk yield, and dry matter intake (p < 0.05). Significantly higher levels of serum non-esterified fatty acids, aspartate aminotransferase, low-density lipoprotein, and malonaldehyde were found in VED-affected cows, as well as lesser concentrations of serum albumin, high-density lipoprotein, and total antioxidant capacity in comparison with normal cows (p < 0.01), while other vitamins and minerals concentrations showed no distinction between the groups (p > 0.05). Furthermore, 24 upregulated serum metabolites were identified under VED conditions. The metabolomics pathway analysis of these metabolites demonstrated that a global metabolic response to VED in cows was represented by changes in 11 metabolic pathways, comprising energy, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism. From these results, we conclude that VED cows were more likely to experience a negative energy balance characterized by alterations of common systemic metabolic processes and develop oxidative stress, inflammation, and ultimately liver injury. This study provides the first evidence of metabolic changes in cows with VED.

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Metabolic Profiling of Rumen Fluid and Milk in Lactating Dairy Cattle Influenced by Subclinical Ketosis Using Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Metabolic profiling of serum and urine in lactating dairy cows affected by subclinical ketosis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Metabolic profiling of serum and urine in lactating dairy cows affected by subclinical ketosis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Exploration of urinary metabolite dynamicity for early detection of pregnancy in water buffaloes

Serum Metabolic Characterization of Vitamin E Deficiency in Holstein Cows during the Transition Period Based on Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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