Metabolic Power: A Step in the Right Direction for Team Sports

Polglaze, Ted; Hoppe, Matthias

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2018-0661

Cited by 34 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, it was reported that P met maintains a strong and consistent relationship with the measures of internal load during low-to-high intensity locomotor activities [21]. Therefore, P met could be a satisfactory way to estimate with accuracy the training and match demands [12,22] and to classify the locomotion intensity in team sports [21,28].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 98%

Area per player in small-sided games to replicate the external load and estimated physiological match demands in elite soccer players

et al. 2020

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The current study determined the area-per-player during small-or large-sided games with or without goalkeeper that replicates the relative (m�min-1) total distance, high-intensity running distance, sprint distance and metabolic power covered during official matches. Time-motion analysis was performed on twenty-five elite soccer-players during 26 home-matches. A total of 2565 individual samples for SSGs using different pitch sizes and different number of players were collected and classified as SSGs with (SSG-G) or without goalkeeper (SSG-P). A between-position comparison was also performed. The area-per-player needed to replicate the official match demands was largely higher in SSG-G vs SSG-P for total distance [187±53 vs 115±35 m 2 , effect size (ES): 1.60 95%CI 0.94/2.21], high-intensity running distance [262±72 vs 166±39 m 2 , ES: 1.66(0.99/2.27)] and metabolic power [177±42 vs 94±40, ES: 1.99(1.31/2.67)], but similar for sprint distance [(316±75 vs 295±99 m 2 , ES: 0.24(-0.32/0.79)] with direction of larger area-perplayer for sprint distance > high-intensity running > total distance metabolic power for both SSG-G and SSG-P. In SSG-G, forwards required higher area-per-player than central-defenders [ES: 2.96(1.07/4.35)], wide-midfielders [ES: 2.45(0.64/3.78)] and widedefenders [ES: 3.45(1.13/4.99)]. Central-midfielders required higher area-per-player than central-defenders [ES: 1.69(0.20/2.90)] and wide-midfielders [ES: 1.35(-0.13/ 2.57)]. In SSG-P, central defenders need lower area-per-player (ES:-6.01/-0.92) to overall replicate the match demands compared to all other positions. The current results may be used to gain knowledge of the SSGs relative to the match demands. This imply manipulating SSGs using higher or lower ApP, the presence of the goalkeeper or design specific rules to increase or decrease the position-specific demands with respect to the desired external load outcomes.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 98%

Area per player in small-sided games to replicate the external load and estimated physiological match demands in elite soccer players

et al. 2020

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“…Beside these standard procedures to estimate internal loads in tennis, metabolic power data were also investigated. The metabolic power is defined as the instantaneous muscular energy demand that is required to maintain the ATP level constant [33]. To compute, the filtered running speed, acceleration, and deceleration data collected by the global positioning systems were used for an equivalent slope approach, as described in detail elsewhere [34].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be seen as a limitation, because it is clear that metabolic capacities differ between the players. Thus, there is a need to develop individualized metabolic power thresholds [33]. Since metabolic power data can be converted into oxygen uptake units, one rational possibility for an individualization is to analyze the metabolic power data with respect to the maximal power of the aerobic system-that is the maximal oxygen uptake [36].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of passive, active, and mixed playing strategies on external and internal loads in female tennis players

et al. 2020

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of different playing strategies on external and internal loads in female tennis players during match play. Also, the underlying effects on the technical-tactical actions and activity profiles were examined. Twelve well-trained female players (age: 25±5 years; maximum oxygen uptake: 40.9±4.3 ml/kg/min) played points against an opponent of similar ability outdoors on red-clay courts. The players played points over five playing conditions. Before each condition, the players were instructed to apply either a passive, an active, or their own playing strategy (free play) to succeed. The five conditions were played in a randomized order, whereas the condition with the own strategy was always played first and served as control. During play, the external and internal loads were investigated by 10 Hz global positioning system, 100 Hz inertial measurement unit, shortrange telemetry, capillary blood, and visual analog scale procedures. A 25 Hz video camera was used to examine the technical-tactical actions and activity profiles. Compared to the control condition, the passive, active, and mixed playing strategy conditions induce up to large effects on the external loads (running distances with high acceleration and deceleration), up to moderate effects on the internal loads (energy expenditures spent with high metabolic power, lactate concentration, and rating of effort), and up to very large effects on the technical-tactical actions (number of ground strokes and errors) and activity profiles (strokes per rally, rally duration, work to rest ratio, and effective playing time). Our study shows that passive, active, and mixed playing strategies have an impact on the external and internal loads, technical-tactical actions, and activity profiles of female tennis players during match play. This finding should be considered for practical purposes like match analyses and training procedures in the tennis environment.

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“…However, P met may underestimate very largely the actual net energy demands if compared with traditional calorimetry assessment [13]. However, due to technological limitation during training sessions/matches, P met is the only way to estimate with satisfactory accuracy the match demands [9]. Additionally, when P met is combined with the GPS speed-threshold traditional metrics (TD, HIRD and TSD), this provides more detailed information about the actual match or training mechanical load (i.e., high-speed vs. acceleration/deceleration) [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last years, the metabolic power approach has been proposed as a tool to estimate the energetic demands of variable-speed locomotion typically seen in team sports [9, 10]. While it is difficult to measure directly the exact energy cost of changing speed, a metabolic power calculation based on a theoretical model has been used to estimate the energy cost of high-intensity running activities in team sports [9, 11]. However, this model may underestimate very largely the actual net energy demand of soccer-specific exercises, since it does not take into account the actual individual running economy [12, 13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Area per player in small-sided games to replicate the external load and estimated physiological match demands in elite soccer players

Riboli

Coratella

Rampichini

et al. 2020

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25The current study determined the area-per-player during small-or large-sided games with or 26 without goalkeeper that replicates the relative (mmin -1 ) total distance, high-intensity running 27 distance, sprint distance and metabolic power covered during official matches. Time-motion 28 analysis was performed on twenty-five élite soccer-players during 26 home-matches. A total 29 of 2565 individual samples for SSGs using different pitch sizes and different number of players 30 were collected and classified as SSGs with (SSG-G) or without goalkeeper (SSG-P). A 31 between-position comparison was also performed. The area-per-player needed to replicate the 32 official match demands was largely greater in SSG-G vs SSG-P for total distance [187±53 vs 33 115±35 m 2 , effect size (ES): 1.60 95%CI 0.94/2.21], high-intensity running distance [262±72 34 vs 166±39 m 2 , ES: 1.66(0.99/2.27)] and metabolic power [17742 vs 9440, ES: 35 1.99(1.31/2.67)], but similar for sprint distance [(316±75 vs 295±99 m 2 , ES: 0.24(-0.32/0.79)] 36 with direction of larger area-per-player for sprint distance > high-intensity running > total 37 distance  metabolic power for both SSG-G and SSG-P. In SSG-G, forwards required greater 38 area-per-player than central-defenders [ES: 2.96(1.07/4.35)], wide-midfielders [ES: 39 2.45(0.64/3.78)] and wide-defenders [ES: 3.45(1.13/4.99)]. Central-midfielders required 40 greater area-per-player than central-defenders [ES: 1.69(0.20/2.90)] and wide-midfielders [ES:41 1.35(-0.13/2.57)]. In SSG-P, central defenders need smaller area-per-player (ES: -6.01/-0.92) 42 to overall replicate the match demands compared to all other positions. The current results 43 highlight that soccer players need a specific area-per-player during the small-side games with 44 or without goalkeeper to replicate the overall match demands, especially to perform high-45 intensity running or sprint distance. Additionally, central defenders, central midfielders and 46 forwards need to be trained with tailored area-per-player or specific rules/additional exercises. 47 50 Small-or large-sided games are frequently used to replicate the soccer-specific match demands 51 in terms of technical proficiency, tactical awareness, speed, acceleration/deceleration, and 52 endurance performance [1]. To track these demands, recent tracking technologies such as 53 global positioning systems (GPS) or semi-automatic video-based multi-camera image systems 54 (MCIS), are usually used [2]. In small-sided games (SSGs), the manipulation of pitch size, 55 number of players per team, goalkeeper presence and technical rules modulate the soccer-56specific demands depending on the aims of each practice session [1, 3]. Increments in pitch 57 size or reduction in the number of players increases total distance (TD) covered, total high-58 intensity running distance (HIRD) and total sprint distance (TSD) [4, 5]. Conversely, when 59 pitch size is reduced or the number of players is increased, players get more ball touches but 60 they have not the space to rea...

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Metabolic Power: A Step in the Right Direction for Team Sports

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Area per player in small-sided games to replicate the external load and estimated physiological match demands in elite soccer players

Area per player in small-sided games to replicate the external load and estimated physiological match demands in elite soccer players

Effects of passive, active, and mixed playing strategies on external and internal loads in female tennis players

Area per player in small-sided games to replicate the external load and estimated physiological match demands in elite soccer players

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