Metabolic Mechanisms of Host Species Against Citrus Huanglongbing (Greening Disease)

Rao, Muhammad Junaid; Ding, Fang; Wang, Nian; Deng, Xiuxin; Xu, Qiang

doi:10.1080/07352689.2018.1544843

Cited by 46 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The up-regulation of these genes triggers the accumulation of flavonoids in Arabidopsis leaves [39]. These subclasses of flavonoids (flavanone, flavone, flavonol, anthocyanin, and its derivatives) possess significant antioxidant and antimicrobial activities [1]; additionally, several compounds related to these flavonoids subclasses have been found to be accumulated in different plant species in response to abiotic stress [12,61,62] and biotic stress [16], and they have been shown to possess strong antioxidant activities and to contribute to drought tolerance [11,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different transcriptomic studies have shown a significant up-regulation of the P450s gene after biotic stress [13,14]. Moreover, after biotic stress, the citrus plant biosynthesizes some defense-related flavonoid compounds [16]. Interestingly, the flavonoid biosynthesis and up-regulation of P450s genes have been shown to be highly correlated [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varied levels of secondary metabolites are present among diverse citrus germplasm, and some have high levels of antioxidant flavonoids such as Citrus grandis, Citrus medica, and Poncirus trifoliata [16], and, interestingly, these citrus species have shown a high expression of P450s genes [13,14]; in addition, these citrus germplasm confer a tolerance against biotic [16] and abiotic stresses [20,21]. However, the biosynthesis mechanism of these antioxidant flavonoids and the regulation of P450s genes are less studied in citrus [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CsCYT75B1, a Citrus CYTOCHROME P450 Gene, Is Involved in Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonoids and Induces Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Rao

Tang

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

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CYTOCHROME P450s genes are a large gene family in the plant kingdom. Our earlier transcriptome data revealed that a CYTOCHROME P450 gene of Citrus sinensis (CsCYT75B1) was associated with flavonoid metabolism and was highly induced after drought stress. Here, we characterized the function of CsCYT75B1 in drought tolerance by overexpressing it in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our results demonstrated that the overexpression of the CsCYT75B1 gene significantly enhanced the total flavonoid contents with increased antioxidant activity in transgenic Arabidopsis. The gene expression results showed that several genes that are responsible for the biosynthesis of antioxidant flavonoids were induced by 2-12 fold in transgenic Arabidopsis lines. After 14 days of drought stress, all transgenic lines displayed an enhanced tolerance to drought stress along with accumulating antioxidant flavonoids with lower superoxide radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) than wild type plants. In addition, drought-stressed transgenic lines possessed higher antioxidant enzymatic activities than wild type transgenic lines. Moreover, the stressed transgenic lines had significantly lower levels of electrolytic leakage than wild type transgenic lines. These results demonstrate that the CsCYT75B1 gene of sweet orange functions in the metabolism of antioxidant flavonoid and contributes to drought tolerance by elevating ROS scavenging activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CsCYT75B1, a Citrus CYTOCHROME P450 Gene, Is Involved in Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonoids and Induces Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Rao

Tang

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

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“…that belongs to flavone, flavonol and anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways were significantly up-regulated in citrus after Huanglongbing invasion [13][14][15][16]. Flavonoid compounds are famous due to antimicrobial, photoprotective and have resilient antioxidant properties to scavenging the ROS abiotic [17,18] and biotic stress [19]. Whenever citrus plants are exposed to different abiotic and biotic stresses then they stimulates its secondary defense machinery (such as anthocyanins and flavonoids) to protect itself from challenging environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many researches have been reported that citrus plant accumulates secondary metabolites (flavonoids, anthocyanin etc.) after abiotic [23] and biotic stress [19]. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling the biosynthesis, alteration and distribution of anthocyanin and flavonoids are mostly unknown [24] and no study has been published to validate the function of metabolic pathway genes to understand the citrus leaves secondary metabolites role and their potential in triggering the tolerance against unfavorable conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of citrus UDP-GLUCOSYL TRANSFERASE gene enhances anthocyanin and proanthocyanidins contents and confers high light tolerance

Rao

Huang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Citrus fruits are consumed freshly or as juice to directly provide various dietary flavonoids to humans. Diverse metabolites at different levels are present among Citrus genera and many flavonoids biosynthetic genes were induced after abiotic stresses. To better understand the underlying mechanism, we designed experiments to overexpress a UDP-GLUCOSYL TRANSFERASE gene from Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) to evaluate its possible function in metabolism and response to stress.Results Our results demonstrated that overexpression of Cs-UGT78D3 resulted in high accumulation of proanthocyanidins in the seed coat and a dark brown color to transgenic Arabidopsis seeds. In addition, the total contents of flavonoid and anthocyanin were significantly enhanced in the leaves of overexpressed lines. Gene expression analyses indicated that many flavonoid (flavonol) and anthocyanin genes were up-regulated by 4-15 folds in transgenic Arabidopsis. Moreover, after 14 days of high light stress treatment, the transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed strong antioxidant activity and higher total contents of anthocyanins and flavonoids in leaves compared with the wild type.Conclusion Our study concluded that the citrus Cs-UGT78D3 gene is involved in proanthocyanidins accumulation in seed coats and confers tolerance to high light stress by accumulating the total anthocyanin and flavonoid contents with better antioxidant potential (due to photoprotective activity of anthocyanin) in the transgenic Arabidopsis.

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LC–MS/MS‐based metabolomics approach revealed novel phytocompounds from sugarcane rind with promising pharmacological value

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND: Sugarcane provides many secondary metabolites for the pharmacological and cosmetic industries. Secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, have been studied, but few reports focus on the identification of alkaloid and non-alkaloid phytocompounds in sugarcane.RESULTS: In this study, we identified 40 compounds in total from the rinds of cultivated sugarcane varieties (including eight alkaloids, 24 non-alkaloids, and eight others) by using the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach. Among these compounds, 31 were novel and are reported for the first time in sugarcane. Some alkaloids such as 3-indoleacrylic acid, N,N-dimethyl-5-methoxytryptamine, tryptamine, 6-hydroxynicotinic acid, and 6-deoxyfagomine are identified the first time in sugarcane rind. Four alkaloids such as trigonelline, piperidine, 3-indoleacrylic acid, and 6-deoxyfagomine are found abundantly in sugarcane rind and these compounds have promising pharmaceutical value. Some phytocompounds such as choline and acetylcholine (non-alkaloid compounds) were most common in the rind of ROC22 and Yuetang93/159 (YT93/159). Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis revealed that the ROC22, Taitang172 (F172), and Yuetang71/210 (YT71/210) varieties were quite similar in alkaloid composition when compared with other sugarcane varieties. We have also characterized the biosynthesis pathway of sugarcane alkaloids. The rind of F172, ROC22, and YT71/210 showed the highest total alkaloid content, whereas the rind of ROC16 revealed a minimum level. Interestingly, the rind extract from YT71/210 and F172 showed maximum antioxidant activity, followed by ROC22. CONCLUSION: Our results showed the diversity of alkaloid and non-alkaloid compounds in the rind of six cultivated sugarcanes and highlighted the promising phytocompounds that can be extracted, isolated, and utilized by the pharmacological industry.

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Metabolic Mechanisms of Host Species Against Citrus Huanglongbing (Greening Disease)

Cited by 46 publications

References 91 publications

CsCYT75B1, a Citrus CYTOCHROME P450 Gene, Is Involved in Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonoids and Induces Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

CsCYT75B1, a Citrus CYTOCHROME P450 Gene, Is Involved in Accumulation of Antioxidant Flavonoids and Induces Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis

Overexpression of citrus UDP-GLUCOSYL TRANSFERASE gene enhances anthocyanin and proanthocyanidins contents and confers high light tolerance

LC–MS/MS‐based metabolomics approach revealed novel phytocompounds from sugarcane rind with promising pharmacological value

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