Metabolic Interactions between Neurons and Glial Cells

Poitry‐Yamate, Carole; Pournaras, Constantin J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-05714-1.00012-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…a), thereby demonstrating the predominantly glial metabolism of glucose in the retina. The high‐energy metabolism of the retina, phototransduction, and aerobic production of lactate from glucose (Ola et al, ; Poitry‐Yamate and Pournaras, ) make this light‐sensing part of the CNS a highly specialized, if not unique, region, metabolically and functionally, and do not necessarily reflect glucose metabolism in other cerebral regions, i.e., cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus. Moreover, the LEXRF results do not preclude oxidative ATP formation by retinal glia during net synthesis of glutamate and glutamine, which, when blocked by anoxia (Winkler et al, ) or methionine sulfoximine (Barnett et al, ), suppresses the b‐wave of the electroretinogram.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of direct mapping of cerebral fluorodeoxy‐D‐glucose metabolism in situ at subcellular resolution using soft X‐ray fluorescence

Poitry‐Yamate

Gianoncelli

Kaulich

et al. 2012

J of Neuroscience Research

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Glucose metabolism is difficult to image with cellular resolution in mammalian brain tissue, particularly with 18 fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). To this end, we explored the potential of synchrotron-based low-energy X-ray fluorescence (LEXRF) to image the stable isotope of fluorine (F) in phosphorylated FDG (DG-6P) at 1 lm 2 spatial resolution in 3-lm-thick brain slices. The excitation-dependent fluorescence F signal at 676 eV varied linearly with FDG concentration between 0.5 and 10 mM, whereas the endogenous background F signal was undetectable in brain. To validate LEXRF mapping of fluorine, FDG was administered in vitro and in vivo, and the fluorine LEXRF signal from intracellular trapped FDG-6P over selected brain areas rich in radial glia was spectrally quantitated at 1 lm 2 resolution. The subsequent generation of spatial LEXRF maps of F reproduced the expected localization and gradients of glucose metabolism in retinal Mü ller glia. In addition, FDG uptake was localized to periventricular hypothalamic tanycytes, whose morphological features were imaged simultaneously by X-ray absorption. We conclude that the high specificity of photon emission from F and its spatial mapping at 1 lm resolution demonstrates the ability to identify glucose uptake at subcellular resolution and holds remarkable potential for imaging glucose metabolism in biological tissue. V V C 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of direct mapping of cerebral fluorodeoxy‐D‐glucose metabolism in situ at subcellular resolution using soft X‐ray fluorescence

Poitry‐Yamate

Gianoncelli

Kaulich

et al. 2012

J of Neuroscience Research

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“…These cells span the neural retina forming the inner and outer limiting membrane and are in intimate apposition with every neuron type (Poitry-Yamate and Pournaras, 2011). In response to retinal pathological conditions including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and macular degeneration, MCs become activated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of proton‐coupled folate transporter in retinal Müller cells by the antipsoriatic drug monomethylfumarate

Bozard¹,

Chothe²,

Tawfik³

et al. 2011

Glia

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Fumaric acid esters are used to treat psoriasis, an inflammatory skin disease characterized by keratinocyte proliferation. Inflammation and proliferation are hallmarks of retinal disease; hence, fumaric acid esters may have therapeutic value in retinal pathology. In diseased retinas, Müller glial cells (MCs) undergo reactive gliosis, a hyperproliferative state. MCs take up folate, a vitamin necessary for cell proliferation, via the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT). Here we examined the effect of monomethylfumarate (MMF), the active metabolite of fumaric acid esters, on expression and function of PCFT in MCs. Primary MCs, isolated from neonatal mouse retinas, were treated with MMF, and PCFT function was monitored by measuring uptake of radiolabeled methyltetrahydrofolate (MTF) at pH 5.5. Dose-response and time-course analyses were performed to identify optimal conditions for maximal effect. The influence of MMF treatment on kinetic parameters of PCFT was studied, and PCFT expression was analyzed at the mRNA and protein level. MTF uptake in MCs decreased by ~50% following 18 h treatment with 1 mM MMF. This effect was specific to fumaric acid esters. MMF treatment decreased the maximal velocity of the transporter without altering substrate affinity. The decrease in PCFT function following MMF treatment was accompanied by attenuated PCFT expression. This is the first report that an antipsoriatic compound can regulate folate transport in MCs and may have potential for the treatment of reactive gliosis in retinal disease.

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The Retina

Skalicky¹

2016

Ocular and Visual Physiology

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Metabolic Interactions between Neurons and Glial Cells

Cited by 3 publications

References 114 publications

Feasibility of direct mapping of cerebral fluorodeoxy‐D‐glucose metabolism in situ at subcellular resolution using soft X‐ray fluorescence

Feasibility of direct mapping of cerebral fluorodeoxy‐D‐glucose metabolism in situ at subcellular resolution using soft X‐ray fluorescence

Regulation of proton‐coupled folate transporter in retinal Müller cells by the antipsoriatic drug monomethylfumarate

The Retina

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