Metabolic Implications of Exposure to Light at Night: Lessons from Animal and Human Studies

Fleury, Giulia; Masís‐Vargas, Anayanci; Kalsbeek, Andries

doi:10.1002/oby.22807

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…For example, sleep disturbance in older adults is associated with poor health, such as depression and limitations in activities of daily living 26 . Exposure to artificial light at night has a negative impact on metabolic health 27 . Additionally, meal skipping lowers energy and nutrient intake 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency among community‐dwelling Japanese old‐old adults

Makizako

Nakai

Shiratsuchi

et al. 2021

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Aim Perceived health status, including physical and cognitive fitness, will be negatively associated with future health conditions among old‐old adults. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has caused sudden changes in lifestyle. Thus, this study examined the associations of participation in an exercise class before the COVID‐19 pandemic and the exercise habits and disruption to the rhythms of daily life during the COVID‐19 state of emergency with perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness among community‐dwelling old‐old adults. Methods In July 2020, we carried out a mail survey of community‐dwelling old‐old adults aged between 77 and 99 years in Bibai, Hokkaido, Japan, to determine their perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency. Results Of the 774 responders, 339 (43.8%) participants reported a decline in physical fitness, whereas 259 (33.5%) perceived declining cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency. In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounders, exercise habits during the COVID‐19 state of emergency were significantly associated with a lower perception of declining physical fitness. Disruption to the rhythms of daily life during the COVID‐19 state of emergency was significantly associated with a higher perception of declining physical and cognitive fitness. Conclusions Approximately half and more than one‐third of community‐dwelling old‐old adults perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness, respectively, during the COVID‐19 state of emergency. During this period, exercise habits were positively correlated with perceived health status among old‐old adults, whereas disruption to the rhythms of daily life was negatively correlated. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; ••: ••–•• .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency among community‐dwelling Japanese old‐old adults

Makizako

Nakai

Shiratsuchi

et al. 2021

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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“…Excessive exposure to light at night is a globally widespread phenomenon of a modern society. During recent years, evidence has been accumulating that such disturbances of natural LD cycles can impose potential health risks, especially in association with metabolic dysfunction [29,38]. Therefore, there is an urgent need to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms linking dLAN with metabolic disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dim Light at Night Disturbs Molecular Pathways of Lipid Metabolism

Okuliarova

Rumanova

Stebelová

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Dim light at night (dLAN) is associated with metabolic risk but the specific effects on lipid metabolism have only been evaluated to a limited extent. Therefore, to explore whether dLAN can compromise lipid metabolic homeostasis in healthy individuals, we exposed Wistar rats to dLAN (~2 lx) for 2 and 5 weeks and analyzed the main lipogenic pathways in the liver and epididymal fat pad, including the control mechanisms at the hormonal and molecular level. We found that dLAN promoted hepatic triacylglycerol accumulation, upregulated hepatic genes involved in de novo synthesis of fatty acids, and elevated glucose and fatty acid uptake. These observations were paralleled with suppressed fatty acid synthesis in the adipose tissue and altered plasma adipokine levels, indicating disturbed adipocyte metabolic function with a potential negative impact on liver metabolism. Moreover, dLAN-exposed rats displayed an elevated expression of two peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor family members (Pparα and Pparγ) in the liver and adipose tissue, suggesting the deregulation of important metabolic transcription factors. Together, our results demonstrate that an impaired balance of lipid biosynthetic pathways caused by dLAN can increase lipid storage in the liver, thereby accounting for a potential linking mechanism between dLAN and metabolic diseases.

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“…The last years have seen an increased awareness of the impact of light on health, particularly of its detrimental effects when light is not delivered at the appropriate time. Light at night, also called “light pollution,” is becoming a major environmental and health concern ( 1 – 4 ). Even low-level light exposure from light-emitting devices, smartphones, or tablets may disrupt sleep ( 5 , 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells of the Human Retina

Mure

2021

Front. Neurol.

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Light profoundly affects our mental and physical health. In particular, light, when not delivered at the appropriate time, may have detrimental effects. In mammals, light is perceived not only by rods and cones but also by a subset of retinal ganglion cells that express the photopigment melanopsin that renders them intrinsically photosensitive (ipRGCs). ipRGCs participate in contrast detection and play critical roles in non-image-forming vision, a set of light responses that include circadian entrainment, pupillary light reflex (PLR), and the modulation of sleep/alertness, and mood. ipRGCs are also found in the human retina, and their response to light has been characterized indirectly through the suppression of nocturnal melatonin and PLR. However, until recently, human ipRGCs had rarely been investigated directly. This gap is progressively being filled as, over the last years, an increasing number of studies provided descriptions of their morphology, responses to light, and gene expression. Here, I review the progress in our knowledge of human ipRGCs, in particular, the different morphological and functional subtypes described so far and how they match the murine subtypes. I also highlight questions that remain to be addressed. Investigating ipRGCs is critical as these few cells play a major role in our well-being. Additionally, as ipRGCs display increased vulnerability or resilience to certain disorders compared to conventional RGCs, a deeper knowledge of their function could help identify therapeutic approaches or develop diagnostic tools. Overall, a better understanding of how light is perceived by the human eye will help deliver precise light usage recommendations and implement light-based therapeutic interventions to improve cognitive performance, mood, and life quality.

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Metabolic Implications of Exposure to Light at Night: Lessons from Animal and Human Studies

Cited by 52 publications

References 106 publications

Perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency among community‐dwelling Japanese old‐old adults

Perceived declining physical and cognitive fitness during the COVID‐19 state of emergency among community‐dwelling Japanese old‐old adults

Dim Light at Night Disturbs Molecular Pathways of Lipid Metabolism

Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells of the Human Retina

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