Metabolic, Hormonal, Immunologic, and Genetic Factors Associated With the Incidence of Thyroid Disorders in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients

Singh, Jaya; Wong, Hiu Yung; Ahluwalia, Nancy; Go, Ryan M; Guerrero-Go, Michelle A

doi:10.7759/cureus.11681

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Thyroid function appears to affect both the clinical and biochemical parameters of PCOS. 6 , 16 , 17 In cases of hypothyroidism, or when the TSH is in the upper limit of the normal reference range, PCOS combined with HT produces more significant metabolic changes compared with HT or PCOS alone. In fact, girls with HT and PCOS have a higher BMI, higher fasting glucose and IR, and higher cholesterol than those with HT alone or controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Insulin Secretion, Insulin Resistance and Thyroid Function in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with and without Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Zhao¹,

Zhang²,

Ye³

et al. 2021

DMSO

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Objective The incidence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is significantly higher than in normal controls, and there is a risk of more severe metabolic symptoms when the two diseases occur together. This study compares insulin secretion, insulin resistance (IR) and thyroid function in patients with PCOS with and without HT. Methods A total of 164 patients (52 patients with HT (HT+) and 112 patients without HT diagnosed PCOS at our hospital were enrolled for testing of oral glucose tolerance, insulin release, thyroid function, the presence of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibodies, and blood lipid levels. Results Patients with PCOS and HT had higher insulin secretion and IR levels than those without HT, while free thyroxine and thyrotropin levels were significantly lower. The ratio of free thyroxine to thyrotropin was higher in patients with HT. Conclusion HT may related with IR and relatively low thyroid function in patients with PCOS. Thus, thyroid function and autoimmune status in patients with PCOS should be evaluated in clinical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study on Insulin Secretion, Insulin Resistance and Thyroid Function in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with and without Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Zhao¹,

Zhang²,

Ye³

et al. 2021

DMSO

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“…At the same time, the imbalance of gonadal axis in PCOS patients may affect the pituitary thyroid axis. Many studies found that PCOS patients with severe hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance are prone to be associated with abnormal thyroid function [22,23]. Compared with normal women of childbearing age, PCOS patients are often accompanied by elevated TSH [8][9][10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of TSH on oocyte maturation of PCOS patients with normal thyroid function in IVF

Zhang

Qiang

et al. 2022

Reprod Biol Endocrinol

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Background The serum TSH level of PCOS patients was higher than that of the general female population. For patients with thyroid dysfunction, the abnormal TSH level is negatively related to the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology, but for PCOS patients with normal thyroid function, the effect of TSH level on outcomes of in vitro fertilization has not been reported. In this study, PCOS patients with normal thyroid function were included in this study to evaluate the effect of TSH on the outcomes of IVF-ET. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 3190 patients who underwent IVF-ET in the Department of Human Reproductive Center of Renmin Hospital Hubei University of Medicine from January 2017 to July 2021, including 594 PCOS patients and 2595 non PCOS patients. The IVF-ET outcomes between the two groups were compared; Multi-factor linear regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the related variables and the oocyte maturation of PCOS patients; The ROC curve of the effect of TSH on oocyte maturation in PCOS patients was drawn. The PCOS patients were divided into TSH < 2.98 group (n = 454) and TSH ≥ 2.98 group (n = 141) according to ROC threshold TSH 2.98, and the outcomes were compared. Results TSH level in PCOS group was significantly higher than that in non-PCOS group (2.42 ± 0.86 vs 2.00 ± 0.89 UU / ml, P < 0.01), and the oocyte maturation rate and 2PN fertilization rate in PCOS group were lower than those in non-PCOS group (90.9% vs 92.4%, P = 0.02) (84.57% vs 86.77%, P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in cleavage rate and high-quality embryo rate between the two groups (P > 0.05); There was no difference in clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate, ectopic pregnancy rate and live birth rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). Multi-factor linear regression analysis showed that TSH was negatively correlated with oocyte maturation in PCOS patients [β = -0.124, P = 0.013,95%CI (-0.027 ~ -0.003)]; The oocyte maturation rate in TSH < 2.98 group was significantly higher than that in TSH ≥ 2.98 group (91.7% vs 88.2%, P = 0.001). Conclusion The TSH level of PCOS patients with normal thyroid function is higher than that of normal people, and it is negatively correlated with the oocyte maturation in in-vitro fertilization. The ROC curve showed that when TSH > 2.98uIU/ml, the possibility of immature oocytes was higher (specificity 28.9%, sensitivity 83.0%).

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“…Many studies have investigated the relationship between thyroid diseases and PCOS from different perspectives. Singh, J. et al found multiple causes of hypothyroidism leading to the development of PCOS, among which, there was a signi cant relationship between the incidence of polycystic ovary syndrome and thyroiditis [17]. A study by Nayak, P. K. et al found that patients with PCOS were more often associated with subclinical hypothyroidism [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer on the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome: a Mendelian Randomization study

2022

Preprint

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Background Observational studies have found a correlation between thyroid diseases and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, their causal relationship remains uncertain. Our purpose was to investigate the causal relationship between four common thyroid diseases (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid cancer) and PCOS risk. Methods In this study, using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we obtained single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) database as instrumental variables (IVs) and used inverse variance weighting (IVW) to explore the causal relationship between four common thyroid diseases and PCOS. Results We found a significant causal association between hypothyroidism and increased risk of PCOS [OR = 34.90, 95% CI: (1.68, 724.53), P = 0.02]. However, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid cancer has no significant causal association with PCOS. Conclusion Hypothyroidism may increase the risk of PCOS. Hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid cancer has no significant causal association with PCOS.

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Metabolic, Hormonal, Immunologic, and Genetic Factors Associated With the Incidence of Thyroid Disorders in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

A Comparative Study on Insulin Secretion, Insulin Resistance and Thyroid Function in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with and without Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

A Comparative Study on Insulin Secretion, Insulin Resistance and Thyroid Function in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with and without Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Effect of TSH on oocyte maturation of PCOS patients with normal thyroid function in IVF

The influence of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer on the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome: a Mendelian Randomization study

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