Metabolic Fate of [14C]Acrolein under Aerobic and Anaerobic Aquatic Conditions

Abstract

The metabolic fate of the irrigation canal herbicide MAGNACIDE H [active ingredient, acrolein (2-propenal)] was studied using natural sediment and water under aerobic and anaerobic aquatic controlled laboratory conditions. Test systems were treated at the recommended application rate of 15 mg/L. Water, sediment, and volatile trap analyses were performed to determine the chemical degradation pattern of acrolein. The half-life of acrolein was approximately 1 day, resulting in the production of several metabolic products that were ephemeral in nature. Identifications included 3-hydroxypropanal, acrylic acid, allyl alcohol, propionic acid, propanol, and 3-hydroxypropionic acid. Characterization and identification of metabolites were achieved using three different modes of HPLC separation: ion exclusion, reversed-phase, and anion-exchange chromatography. Bound residues were minimal (6-18% of applied dose). A comparison of degradation products and pathways, which ultimately lead to the production of oxalic acid and CO2, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions is discussed.

Factors affecting the efficacy of acrolein in irrigation channels in southern Argentina

“…The downstream concentration of the chemical was measured as a function of time at several sites along the first 5 km from the application point. The measurement was made with a colorimeter (Hach DR100) by conversion of acrolein to 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) (Smith et al. , 1995).…”

[ 14 ]C Acrolein Accumulation and Metabolism in Leaf Lettuce

“…Field experiments have demonstrated that the presence of acrolein in agricultural canals is transient (Nordone et al 1996a;Nordone et al 1996b) with a half-life ranging from 2 to 10 hr. The degradation of acrolein in water is due largely to its rapid hydrolysis to 3-hydroxy-propanal and biotransformation to acrylic acid and allyl alcohol (Smith et al 1995). Thus, under normal circumstances, irrigated crops would be exposed to minimal levels of acrolein and are more likely to come in contact with acrolein metabolizes that are metabolized to carbon dioxide in both microbial and mammalian systems (Smith et al 1995;Ghanayem et al 1987).…”

Toxicology of the Herbicide Acrolein: Risk Assessment in Aquatic Environments

“…At the application rate of 15 ppm acrolein into irrigation canals, the primary microbial degradation product was 3-hydroxypropanal. Other ephemeral products such as acrlylic acid, allyl alcohol, propionic acid, propanol, and 3-hydroxipropionic acid were also identified (Smith et al, 1995). The high water solubility of acrolein and low estimated Koc suggests that acrolein does not significantly adsorb to suspended solids and sediment (HSDB, 2010;U.S.EPA, 2007).…”