Metabolic factors, anthropometric measures, diet, and physical activity in long-term breast cancer survivors: change from diagnosis and comparison to non-breast cancer controls

Abstract

The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes/pre-diabetes was significantly higher in BC survivors than in controls group, notably in those with lower levels of physical activity. Enhanced diabetes/metabolic syndrome screening and promotion of physical activity may be warranted in BC survivors.

Dietary Intake and Energy Expenditure in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Review

“…Four studies reported decreased absolute protein intake in BCS [16,18,20,21]; however, this may be a result of decreased EI, as two studies reported increased [17] or no change [18] in protein when expressed as percent of total EI. Changes in carbohydrate intake were inconsistent, with studies reporting increased [16][17][18], decreased [17,20,21], or no change [18] in carbohydrate intake expressed in absolute or relative terms.…”

“…As summarized in Table 2, dietary changes were presented as nutrients and/or food groups. Five studies reported decreased EI [16][17][18]20,21] in BCS with concomitant decreased absolute fat intake (g/day) [16][17][18]20] in four studies and decreased relative fat intake (as a percent of total EI) [17,18,21] in three studies. Four studies reported decreased absolute protein intake in BCS [16,18,20,21]; however, this may be a result of decreased EI, as two studies reported increased [17] or no change [18] in protein when expressed as percent of total EI.…”

“…Five studies reported decreased EI [16][17][18]20,21] in BCS with concomitant decreased absolute fat intake (g/day) [16][17][18]20] in four studies and decreased relative fat intake (as a percent of total EI) [17,18,21] in three studies. Four studies reported decreased absolute protein intake in BCS [16,18,20,21]; however, this may be a result of decreased EI, as two studies reported increased [17] or no change [18] in protein when expressed as percent of total EI. Changes in carbohydrate intake were inconsistent, with studies reporting increased [16][17][18], decreased [17,20,21], or no change [18] in carbohydrate intake expressed in absolute or relative terms.…”

“…To help BCS meet these goals, it is necessary to characterize dietary intake longitudinally as well as in comparison to women without previous cancer. We identified six studies that measured dietary intake across the survivorship trajectory [16][17][18][19][20][21], with one also comparing dietary intake to healthy control subjects [17], Table 2. Sample sizes ranged from 116 to 2865 women and included BCS with both estrogen-receptor positive and negative tumors and all stages of disease (although there was a preponderance of non-metastatic cancer).…”

Evolution of physical activity and body weight changes in breast cancer survivors five years after diagnosis – VICAN 2 & 5 French national surveys

“…In other surveys objectively measuring PA, long-term adherence by women with BC to current recommendations was even lower, from 9.0 to 16.0 % [32,33]. Some studies have highlighted that although adherence to PA recommendations by women with BC was low, it was similar to adherence observed in women with no cancer history [34]. However, in the present study, compared with the pre-diagnosis situation, over half of our study sample had decreased or completely stopped PA five years later.…”