Metabolic Engineering of Chemical Defence Pathways in Plant Disease Control

Rook, Fred

doi:10.1002/9781118867716.ch4

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…A possible consequence is that pathogens of other plant species, which cannot detoxify a particular compound, are perhaps prevented from infecting that host. Nevertheless, developing transgenic plants expressing novel antimicrobial compounds presents a huge challenge because such compounds are usually the product of complex biosynthetic pathways, requiring many enzymes; this means that plants need to be transformed with the several to many genes to achieve coordinated regulation and availability of substrates (Dasgupta et al, 2020;Rook, 2016). An exception is the example of stilbene synthase,…”

Section: Antimicrob Ial Me Tabolite Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic approaches for plant disease control: Status and prospects 2021

Collinge

Sarrocco

2021

Plant Pathology

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Plant diseases are responsible for major crop losses and postharvest spoilage; though losses are difficult to calculate, educated estimates suggest they are responsible for 20% to 40% of losses from plough to plate for major crops (Oerke, 2006;Savary et al., 2019). Hypothetically, with current estimated population growth, we could solve the challenge of feeding the world by 2050 were we able to control all disease (Collinge et al., 2010). Plant disease can be managed primarily by farmer skill, pesticides, disease resistance, and biological control, in roughly that order of importance. Disease resistance is effective when it works because no specific input is required by the grower after sowing or planting. However, despite major effort by plant pathologists and breeders over a century, no effective disease-resistant cultivars are available for many diseases, and, for many important diseases, the pathogen overcomes natural

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Section: Antimicrob Ial Me Tabolite Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic approaches for plant disease control: Status and prospects 2021

Collinge

Sarrocco

2021

Plant Pathology

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“…Compared to other types of microbial interactions, our knowledge of the metabolites from endophyte interactions is both rudimentary and of great interest as a source of new metabolites with industrial potential, not least for the pharmaceutical industry (Kusari et al , 2012 ). Many studies have demonstrated that pathogens adapted to a particular host are well capable of dealing with the phytoalexins and phytoanticipins produced in their host (Rook, 2016 ). Th is is apparently also true for endophytic fungi.…”

Section: Specialised or Secondary Metabolites In Plant-endophyte Intementioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for Novel Fungal Biological Control Agents for Plant Disease Control Among Endophytes

Collinge¹,

Jørgensen²,

Latz³

et al. 2019

Endophytes for a Growing World

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There are increasing efforts aiming to utilise endophytes as biological control agents (BCAs) to improve crop production. However, reliability remains a major practical constraint for the development of novel BCAs. Many organisms are adapted to their specific habitat; it is optimistic to expect that a new organism added can find a niche or even out-compete those adapted and already present. Our approach for isolating novel BCAs for specific plant diseases is therefore to look in healthy plants in a habitat where disease is a problem, since we predict that it is more likely to find competitive strains among those present and adapted. In vitro inhibitory activities often do not correlate with in planta efficacy, especially since endophytes rely on intimate plant contact. They can, however, be useful to indicate modes of action. We therefore screen for in planta biological activity as early as possible in the process in order to minimise the risk of discarding valuable strains. Finally, some fungi are endophytic in one situation and pathogenic in another (the mutualism-parasitism continuum). This depends on their biology, environmental conditions, the formulation of inoculum, the health, developmental stage and cultivar of the host plant, and the structure of the plant microbiome .

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“…Przykładowo, wysoka odporność transformowanego pomidora przeciwko Phytophthora infestans nie chroniła roślin przed Botrytis cinerea i Alternaria solani (Delaunois i wsp. 2009;Rook 2016).…”

Section: Właściwości I Funkcje Fizjologiczne / Properties and Physiolunclassified

Stilbenes and their role in disease resistance

2017

Prog. Plant Prot.

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SummaryPhenylpropanoid pathway allows plants to withstand different stress conditions; biotic and abiotic. Some plants are able to synthesize stilbene derivatives based on a 1,2-diphenylethylene backbone. Stilbene synthase (STS) is an enzyme responsible for stilbene accumulation and it is generally believed that it evolved several times from chalcone synthase (CHS) during the evolution. However, STS unlike the commonly occurring CHS, is plant specific and occurs in approximately 70 unrelated plant species. Stilbenes have a range of functions, which mainly include strong antimicrobial properties, and thus are considered as phytoalexins. These compounds may also be involved in plant-herbivore relationships and allelopathy, and their antioxidant activities were evaluated. Stilbenes are still produced in small quantities, but the increase in their synthesis occurs due to infection, and moreover after injury, UV radiation and ozone. More effective elicitors are tested in vitro. The most widely reported plant stilbene is resveratro (3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene).Key words: stilbenes; disease resistance; resveratrol; stilbene synthase (STS) StreszczeniePowszechnym zjawiskiem w warunkach stresu biotycznego i abiotycznego jest aktywacja szlaku fenylopropanoidowego. Metabolitami tego szlaku są między innymi stilbeny, związki o szkielecie 1,2-difenyloetylenowym. Tylko niektóre, niespokrewnione gatunki roślin, są zdolne do syntezy i gromadzenia stilbenów. Enzymem umożliwiającym syntezę jest syntaza stilbenowa (STS -stilbene synthase), która na drodze ewolucji mogła ewaluować z syntazy chalkonowej (CHS -chalcone synthase), powszechnego enzymu w świecie roślin. Stilbeny spełniają w roślinach szereg funkcji, z których najistotniejsza wynika z silnych właściwości antymikrobowych, stąd zaliczane są do fitoaleksyn. Znane jest też ich działanie odstraszające względem roślinożerców oraz właściwości allelopatyczne i antyoksydacyjne. Stilbeny są wytwarzane w niewielkich ilościach, jednak aktywacja biosyntezy następuje przede wszystkim poinfekcyjnie, a ponadto pod wpływem zranienia, promieniowania UV, ozonu i jonów glinu. W warunkach in vitro poszukiwane są jeszcze skuteczniejsze induktory. Do najszerzej opisywanych stilbenów należy resweratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroksy-trans-stilben).

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Metabolic Engineering of Chemical Defence Pathways in Plant Disease Control

Cited by 5 publications

References 90 publications

Transgenic approaches for plant disease control: Status and prospects 2021

Transgenic approaches for plant disease control: Status and prospects 2021

Searching for Novel Fungal Biological Control Agents for Plant Disease Control Among Endophytes

Stilbenes and their role in disease resistance

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