Metabolic Effects of Sucralose on Environmental Bacteria

Omran, Arthur; Ahearn, Gregory A.; Bowers, Doria F.; Swenson, Janice; Coughlin, Charles

doi:10.1155/2013/372986

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…coli bacteria in vitro and on gut microbiota in vivo . Our results showed that NNSs exert strong bacteriostatic effects on bacteria in vitro , which is consistent with previous studies [ 15 , 17 – 20 , 27 ]. Moreover, we showed that in vivo , sucralose alters gut microbiota promoting an increase in Firmicutes, and the effects of sucralose synergized with HFD to further augment Firmicutes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Non-nutritive sweeteners possess a bacteriostatic effect and alter gut microbiota in mice

2018

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Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) are widely used in various food products and soft drinks. There is growing evidence that NNSs contribute to metabolic dysfunction and can affect body weight, glucose tolerance, appetite, and taste sensitivity. Several NNSs have also been shown to have major impacts on bacterial growth both in vitro and in vivo. Here we studied the effects of various NNSs on the growth of the intestinal bacterium, E. coli, as well as the gut bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, the balance between which is associated with gut health. We found that the synthetic sweeteners acesulfame potassium, saccharin and sucralose all exerted strong bacteriostatic effects. We found that rebaudioside A, the active ingredient in the natural NNS stevia, also had similar bacteriostatic properties, and the bacteriostatic effects of NNSs varied among different Escherichia coli strains. In mice fed a chow diet, sucralose increased Firmicutes, and we observed a synergistic effect on Firmicutes when sucralose was provided in the context of a high-fat diet. In summary, our data show that NNSs have direct bacteriostatic effects and can change the intestinal microbiota in vivo.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Sucralose also inhibits the growth of the oral bacterium Streptococcus spp . [ 17 , 18 ] and various environmental microbes [ 19 , 20 ]. Stevia extract exerts bactericidal effects on E .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-nutritive sweeteners possess a bacteriostatic effect and alter gut microbiota in mice

2018

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“…Such deleterious effect was prevented when mice were treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics against Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. The fact that sucralose displays bacteriostatic action on several gut microbes (5,6) , and that most of the sucralose is not absorbed in the intestine (1,7,8) , gives support to observations showing that sucralose can alter gut microbiome composition (6,9) . Taken together, the notion that sucralose influences glucose control through alterations in intestinal microbiota has emerged.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Recently the gut microbiome has emerged as a factor that could contribute to the biological effects of NAS, in particular sucralose (31) . Early environmental studies revealed a strong bacteriostatic effect of several NAS, including sucralose and saccharine (5,6,31,32) . Wang et al (6) also showed increases in Firmicutes in mice exposed to sucralose.…”

Section: Evidence Of Metabolic Impairments For Non-energy Artificial mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term impact of sucralose consumption on the metabolic response and gut microbiome of healthy adults

et al. 2019

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Sucralose is an artificial non-nutritive sweetener used in foods aimed to reduce sugar and energy intake. While thought to be inert, the impact of sucralose on metabolic control has shown to be the opposite. The gut microbiome has emerged as a factor shaping metabolic responses after sweetener consumption. We examined the short-term effect of sucralose consumption on glucose homeostasis and gut microbiome of healthy male volunteers. We performed a randomised, double-blind study in thirty-four subjects divided into two groups, one that was administered sucralose capsules (780 mg/d for 7 d; n 17) and a control group receiving placebo (n 17). Before and after the intervention, glycaemic and insulinaemic responses were assessed with a standard oral glucose load (75 g). Insulin resistance was determined using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and Matsuda indexes. The gut microbiome was evaluated before and after the intervention by 16S rRNA sequencing. During the study, body weight remained constant in both groups. Glycaemic control and insulin resistance were not affected during the 7-d period. At the phylum level, gut microbiome was not modified in any group. We classified subjects according to their change in insulinaemia after the intervention, to compare the microbiome of responders and non-responders. Independent of consuming sucralose or placebo, individuals with a higher insulinaemic response after the intervention had lower Bacteroidetes and higher Firmicutes abundances. In conclusion, consumption of high doses of sucralose for 7 d does not alter glycaemic control, insulin resistance, or gut microbiome in healthy individuals. However, it highlights the need to address individual responses to sucralose.

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“…Thus, the high elevation in LPS levels observed in our study with sucralose or stevia administration can be explained by the intestinal barrier disruption and bacterial reshaping. It was found that sucralose inhibited the growth of certain intestinal microbes ( Omran et al, 2013 ) and altered rat gut microbiota leading to inflammatory lymphocyte infiltration ( Abou-Donia et al, 2008 )…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hidden hazardous effects of stevia and sucralose consumption in male and female albino mice in comparison to sucrose

Farid

Hesham

El-Dewak

et al. 2020

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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Replacing sucrose with non-caloric sweeteners is an approach to avoid overweight and diabetes development. Non-caloric sweeteners are classified into either artificial as sucralose or natural as stevia. Both of them have been approved by FDA, but the effects of their chronic consumption are controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of these two sweeteners, in male and female albino mice, on different blood biochemical parameters, enzymes activities and immunological parameters after 8 and 16 weeks of sweeteners administration. 40.5 mg/ml of sucrose, 5.2 mg/ml of sucralose and 4.2 mg/ml of stevia were dissolved individually in distilled water. Mice were administrated by sweetener's solution for 5 h daily. Male and female mice showed a preference for water consumption with sucralose or stevia. Both of the two sweeteners significantly reduced the hemoglobin level, HCT%, RBCs and WBCs count. After 18 weeks, significant elevations in liver and kidney function enzymes were observed in male and female mice administrated with both non-caloric sweeteners. Histopathological examination in sucralose and stevia administrated groups confirmed the biochemical results; where it revealed a severe damage in liver and kidney sections. While, sucrose administration elevated, only, the levels of ALT, AST and cholesterol in male mice. A vigorous elevation in levels of different immunoglobulin (IgG, IgE and IgA) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and -8), that was accompanied by a significant reduction in level of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, was observed in male and female mice groups administrated with sucralose or stevia. On the other hand, sucrose administration led to an elevation in IgA and reduction in IL-10 levels.

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Metabolic Effects of Sucralose on Environmental Bacteria

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Non-nutritive sweeteners possess a bacteriostatic effect and alter gut microbiota in mice

Non-nutritive sweeteners possess a bacteriostatic effect and alter gut microbiota in mice

Short-term impact of sucralose consumption on the metabolic response and gut microbiome of healthy adults

The hidden hazardous effects of stevia and sucralose consumption in male and female albino mice in comparison to sucrose

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