Metabolic disorders and inflammation are associated with familial combined hyperlipemia

Diaz-Ruiz, Maria Jesus; Martínez-Triguero, María L.; Lopez‐Ruiz, Arnaldo; Cruz, Francis Fernández-de la; Bañuls, Celia; Hernández‐Mijares, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2018.09.009

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Several meta-analyses have indicated that individuals with cardiometabolic diseases tend to have lower selenium levels than healthy individuals [50][51][52], and that selenium levels are negatively associated with mortality among patients with MS, T2DM, and CVD [53][54][55]. Alterations in the metabolism of glucose and lipids characterize metabolic disorders [56]. Insulin has regulatory effects on glucose, which are mainly classified into two aspects: promoting glucose absorption into liver cells, muscle cells, and adipose tissue, and inhibiting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Benefits of Selenium Supplementation in Reducing Insulin Resistance in Patients with Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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Background: Selenium is a trace element that has been reported to be effective in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. However, there is conflicting evidence from different clinical trials of selenium supplementation in treating cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to identify the effects of selenium supplementation on insulin resistance, glucose homeostasis, and lipid profiles in patients with CMDs. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of selenium supplementation for treating CMDs were screened in five electronic databases. Insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) were defined as the primary outcome markers, and lipid profiles were considered the secondary outcome markers. Results: Ten studies involving 526 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results suggested that selenium supplementation significantly reduced serum insulin levels (standardized men difference [SMD]: −0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.84, −0.21], p = 0.001, I2 = 68%) and HOMA-IR (SMD: −0.50, 95% CI [−0.86, −0.14], p = 0.006, I2 = 75%) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (SMD: 0.97; 95% CI [0.26, 1.68], p = 0.007, I2 = 92%), but had no significant effect on FPG, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C). Conclusion: Current evidence supports the beneficial effects of selenium supplementation on reducing insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and increasing HDL-C levels. Selenium supplementation may be an effective strategy for reducing insulin resistance in patients with CMDs. However, more high-quality clinical studies are needed to improve the certainty of our estimates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Benefits of Selenium Supplementation in Reducing Insulin Resistance in Patients with Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Mentioned cholesterols were compared with the reference range (total 2.9-5.0, HDL 1-2.1, LDL 1.2-3.0 mmol/l) valid for the Czech Republic (Methodology of C-peptide…, 2020). Similar methods have been used by Díaz-Ruiz et al (2019) in the trials describing hydro-carbonated alterations with different fractions of cholesterol.…”

Section: Parameters For Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholesterol and glucose profiles according to different fasting C-peptide levels: a cross-sectional analysis in a healthy cohort from the Czech Republic

Kron¹,

Verner²,

Pešl³

et al. 2021

JAB

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The relationship between glycaemia and lipoprotein metabolism has not been completely clarified, and slight differences may be found between local authors, trials and evaluated parameters. Therefore this cross-sectional study investigated fasting cholesterol and glucose levels along with the determination of atherogenic index in a cohort of healthy individuals from the Czech Republic in relation to their fasting C-peptide levels. Data were collected between 2009 and 2018 and a total of 3189 individuals were stratified by C-peptide reference range (260-1730 pmol/l) into three groups -below (n = 111), within (n = 2952) and above (n = 126). Total, HDL, LDL cholesterol and atherogenic index were used to compare lipoprotein levels by relevant C-peptide concentrations. Participants using the supplements to affect lipid or glycaemia metabolism were excluded from this study. The evaluation of blood parameters in a fasting state included correlations between C-peptide and cholesterols, differences of variances (F-test) and the comparison of lipoprotein mean values (t-test) between the groups created by the C-peptide reference range. Mean values of total (4.9, 5.1, 5.3 mmol/l), LDL (2.6, 3.1, 3.4 mmol/l) cholesterol and atherogenic index (2.1, 2.8, 3.7) were higher with increasing C-peptide levels, whereas HDL was inversely associated with fasting C-peptide concentration. A positive and negative correlation between atherogenic index (r xy = 0.36) and HDL level (r xy = -0.36) with C-peptide values was found. Differences of HDL, LDL and atherogenic index were, in particular, recorded between the groups below and above the reference range of C-peptide (p ≤ 0.001). Considerable differences (p ≤ 0.001) were also observed for the same lipoprotein characteristics between the groups above and within the C-peptide reference. Generally, the type of cholesterol is crucial for the evaluation of specific changes concerning the C-peptide range. Lipoprotein concentrations differ in relation to C-peptide -not only below and above the physiological range, but also inside and outside of it. Conclusions: Fasting levels of cholesterol, plasma glucose, and atherogenic index were strongly associated with fasting C-peptide levels in healthy individuals. Our data suggest that fasting C-peptide could serve as a biomarker for the early detection of metabolic syndrome and/or insulin resistance prior to the manifestation of type 2 diabetes.

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“…Because 15% of FCH patients develop premature coronary artery disease [6], it is imperative to identify at-risk individuals and to intervene at an early stage. Atherogenic features associated with FCH an include abundance of small dense LDL particles, elevated apo B-containing lipoprotein species, depressed high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and reduced clearance of TG-rich lipoprotein remnants [7 ▪ ,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Familial combined hyperlipidemia is a polygenic trait

Gill

Hegele

2021

Current Opinion in Lipidology

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Purpose of review: Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH), defined by concurrently elevated plasma triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, has long been investigated to characterize its genetic basis. Despite almost half a century of searching, a single gene cause for the phenotype has not yet been identified.Recent findings: Recent studies using next-generation genetic analytic methods confirm that FCH has a polygenic basis, with a clear large contribution from the accumulation of small-to-moderate effect common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the genome that is associated with raising TG, and probably also those raising LDL cholesterol. On the other hand, rare monogenic variants, such as those causing familial hypercholesterolemia, play a negligible role, if any. Genetic profiling suggests that patients with FCH and hypertriglyceridemia share a strong polygenic basis and show a similar profile of multiple TG-raising common SNPs.Summary: Recent progress in genomics has shown that most if not all of the genetic susceptibility to FCH is polygenic in nature. Future research should include larger cohort studies, with wider ancestral diversity, ancestry-specific polygenic scores, and investigation of epigenetic and lifestyle factors to help further elucidate the causative agents at play in cases where the genetic etiology remains to be defined.

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Metabolic disorders and inflammation are associated with familial combined hyperlipemia

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Potential Benefits of Selenium Supplementation in Reducing Insulin Resistance in Patients with Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Potential Benefits of Selenium Supplementation in Reducing Insulin Resistance in Patients with Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cholesterol and glucose profiles according to different fasting C-peptide levels: a cross-sectional analysis in a healthy cohort from the Czech Republic

Familial combined hyperlipidemia is a polygenic trait

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