Metabolic Clearance Rate, Production Rate, and Mammary Uptake and Metabolism of Progesterone in Cows

Heap, R. B.; Henville, A.; Linzell, J. L.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0660239

Cited by 45 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…I). These data and other findings [5,8,9] suggest that the metabolic role of the mammary gland is not great and that milk P4 concentration may have been influenced by milk fat content and also the body mass.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Excretion rate of progesterone in milk and faeces in lactating dairy cows with two levels of milk yield

2001

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-This study was conducted to measure the effect of the level of daily milk yield on the excretion rate of progesterone (P4) in milk and faeces in high-producing (HP) and low-producing (LP) lactating dairy cows. A GnRH-agonist was implanted to block endogenous production of P4. A CIDR device was inserted into the vagina and left in place for 11 days. The average and peak milk yields were greater in HP cows (P < 0.0001). Mean plasma concentrations of P4 were also similar in both groups (P = 0.44), even though the average mass of P4 delivered from a CIDR device was higher with HP cows (P = 0.02). Average milk P4 concentration was similar in both groups (P = 0.81), so that average daily excretion of P4 in the milk was greater with HP cows (P = 0.05). The concentrations (P = 0.83) and daily yields (P = 0.4) of total faecal progesterone metabolites were not affected by level of milk yield. These data show that the concentrations of plasma and milk P4, and the concentration and yield of P4 metabolites are not affected by the levels of daily milk yield.progesterone / faecal progesterone metabolite / dairy cow Résumé -Taux d'élimination de la progestérone dans le lait et les fèces des vaches laitières selon leur production de lait. Cette étude a pour but de mesurer le taux d'élimination de la progestérone (P4) dans le lait et les fèces chez des vaches à haute (HP) ou basse (LP) production laitière quotidienne. Un agoniste de GnRH a été implanté pour bloquer la production endogène de P4. Un dispositif CIDR a été inséré dans le vagin et laissé en place pendant 11 jours. Les productions laitières moyennes ou maximum ont été plus élevées (P < 0,0001) chez les vaches HP que chez les LP. Dans le plasma, les concentrations moyennes de P4 ont été similaires dans les deux lots (P = 0,44) bien que la quantité moyenne de P4 libérée par le CIDR ait été plus élevée chez les vaches HP (P = 0,02). Dans le lait, la concentration moyenne de P4 a été équivalente dans les deux lots (P = 0,81). Ceci signifie que l'excrétion moyenne de P4 dans le lait a été supérieure chez les vaches HP par comparaison aux LP (P = 0,05). Les concentrations (P = 0,83) et les excrétions journalières (P = 0,40) des métabolites fécaux Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) [309][310][311][312][313][314][315][316][317][318][319] 309

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Excretion rate of progesterone in milk and faeces in lactating dairy cows with two levels of milk yield

2001

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“…Several authors reported a strong influence of the lipid content of cows' milk on P4 concentrations in mammary secretions [50,[54][55][56]. Indeed, after centrifugation of cows' milk, about 80% of P4 is recovered in cream, showing a high affinity of P4 for milk fat [54,57]. In the present study, concentrations of P4 were about 4 times higher in colostrum than in plasma until the end of parturition, which was in agreement with data obtained in cows [50].…”

Section: Comparison Of Hormone Concentrations In Plasma and Other Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormones, IgG and lactose changes around parturition in plasma, and colostrum or saliva of multiparous sows

et al. 2004

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-Blood, colostrum and saliva samples were serially taken from 6 multiparous sows from day 109 of gestation until day 3 postpartum. Plasma was assayed for oestradiol-17β (E2), progesterone (P4), prolactin (PRL), cortisol, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and lactose. Colostrum was assayed for E2, P4, IgG and lactose. Lactoserum, obtained after ultra centrifugation of colostrum, was assayed for PRL. Saliva was assayed for cortisol. Time-related variations in hormone, IgG and lactose concentrations measured in plasma were parallel to those measured in colostrum, lactoserum or saliva. However, the concentrations were higher in colostrum or lactoserum and lower in saliva than in plasma. Ratios of concentrations of cortisol in saliva and PRL in lactoserum over those in plasma did not vary with time and averaged 0.2 and 1.6, respectively. Conversely, the ratios of concentrations of E2 and P4 in colostrum over those in plasma varied with time (P < 0.05) but were quite constant before the end of parturition, averaging 2.7 and 3.6, respectively. The ratios of concentrations of IgG and lactose in colostrum over those in plasma also varied with time (P < 0.05). The concentrations of hormones in plasma on the one hand and in colostrum, lactoserum or saliva on the other hand were significantly correlated but correlations varied with time (PRL across periods: r = 0.31; cortisol across periods: r = 0.60; E2 during parturition: r = 0.83; P4 before parturition: r = 0.82; P4 during parturition: r = 0.67). The present results indicate that around parturition, assays of hormones in colostrum or saliva can be used to study the hormonal status of sows. Furthermore, variations in colostrum and plasma concentrations of IgG and lactose are good indicators of the transition from colostrum to milk synthesis. sow / parturition / steroid / prolactin / lactose / immunoglobulins

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“…Laing and Heap (1971) first reported that estimating the progesterone concentration in milk might provide a method for early pregnancy diagnosis. Absorption of milk progesterone by the mammary gland has been demonstrated in several species (Heap and Linzell, 1966;Heap et al, 1975) and the progesterone level in milk reflects the plasma concentration (Ginther et aL, 1974;Hoffmann et al, 1976). Many workers have reported the use of pregnancy tests based on assaying the level of milk progesterone employing radioimmunoassay (RIA) in cattle ( Van de Wiel et aL, 1978Booth et al, 1979) and milk progesterone determinations have been widely used as a way of monitoring the function of the corpus luteum (Pennington et aL, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many workers have reported the use of pregnancy tests based on assaying the level of milk progesterone employing radioimmunoassay (RIA) in cattle ( Van de Wiel et aL, 1978Booth et al, 1979) and milk progesterone determinations have been widely used as a way of monitoring the function of the corpus luteum (Pennington et aL, 1976). As progesterone has high solubility in lipids and passes into milk fat, whole milk has higher and more variable progesterone concentrations than fat-free milk (Heap et al, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skim milk progesterone in pregnant cows from insemination throughout lactation

Eissa

Refsal

1994

Vet Res Commun

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The skim milk progesterone profile was assessed by radioimmunoassay, without extraction, from the day of insemination (day 0) until the cows were dried off on day 225 of gestation. A total of 418 samples were collected from 154 pregnant Holstein cows. The daily variation in skim milk progesterone was recorded from day 1 until day 45 of pregnancy to detect the commencement of progesterone secretion from the corpus luteum after insemination. Subsequent determinations were made every 2 weeks from day 46 until lactation ceased. On the day of artificial insemination and for the first 2 days after insemination, all the cows had a basal progesterone concentration < 0.1 ng/ml. A rise in progesterone (0.2 +/- 0.1 ng/ml) was first detected on the third day after insemination. The progesterone values then increased significantly (p < 0.001) until day 15. The values then remained nearly constant (2.5-3.5 ng/ml) until day 106 of pregnancy, when they began to decline. Between days 120 and 180 of gestation, progesterone was significantly decreased (2.2-2.9 ng/ml) before it rose again to the previous plateau (3.5-3.9 ng/ml) around day 180. The progesterone concentration then remained at the higher level until the animals were dried off.

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Metabolic Clearance Rate, Production Rate, and Mammary Uptake and Metabolism of Progesterone in Cows

Cited by 45 publications

References 18 publications

Excretion rate of progesterone in milk and faeces in lactating dairy cows with two levels of milk yield

Excretion rate of progesterone in milk and faeces in lactating dairy cows with two levels of milk yield

Hormones, IgG and lactose changes around parturition in plasma, and colostrum or saliva of multiparous sows

Skim milk progesterone in pregnant cows from insemination throughout lactation

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