Metabolic changes of starch and lipid triggered by nitrogen starvation in the microalga Chlorella zofingiensis

Zhu, Shunni; Huang, Wei; Xu, Jin; Wang, Zhongming; Xu, Jingliang; Yuan, Zhenhong

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.10.092

Cited by 189 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It is possible that the carbon source concentration was low in ABE fermentation wastewater, and it is not enough for the lipid synthesis of T. cutaneum. In contrast, it might accumulate other materials such as starch during fermentation [15]. The maximum lipid content of T. cutaneum was obtained after 24 h of fermentation, and after that, the lipid content became lower, suggesting that T. cutaneum might use cellular lipid as carbon source for its continuing growth.…”

Section: Cell Growth and Lipid Accumulation Of T Cutaneum On Abe Fermentioning

confidence: 71%

Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) Fermentation Wastewater Treatment by Oleaginous Yeast Trichosporon cutaneum

Xiong

Huang

et al. 2015

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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In the present study, acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation wastewater with high chemical oxygen demand (COD) value (about 18,000 mg/L) was biologically treated by oleaginous yeast Trichosporon cutaneum without any pretreatment. During fermentation, most COD degradation was finished within 48 h and finally, a maximum COD degradation of 68% was obtained. The highest biomass and lipid content was 4.9 g/L and 14.7%, respectively. Various materials including sugars (glucose and xylose), organic acids (acetic acid and butyric acid), and alcohol compounds (ethanol and butanol) could be utilized as carbon sources by T. cutaneum simultaneously; thus, it has a broad carbon source spectrum and is a potential microorganism for biological treatment for various wastewaters. Overall, the lipid composition of microbial oils produced by this bioconversion is similar to that of vegetable oils, and thus, it could be used for biodiesel production.

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Section: Cell Growth and Lipid Accumulation Of T Cutaneum On Abe Fermentioning

confidence: 71%

Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) Fermentation Wastewater Treatment by Oleaginous Yeast Trichosporon cutaneum

Xiong

Huang

et al. 2015

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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“…Besides lipids, starch content also can be promoted under nitrogen deficiency in green algae (Dragone et al 2011;Li et al 2011b;Yao et al 2013;Takeshita et al 2014). Upon nitrogen starvation, both starch and lipid contents increased greatly within cells, but starch synthesis precedes lipid accumulation in Chlorella zofingiensis and, after 2 days of stress condition, starch was possibly degraded to support lipid synthesis (Zhu et al 2014). Given that starch synthesis shares common precursors with lipid synthesis, it is possible that lipid and starch could be interconvertible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High temperature enhances lipid accumulation in nitrogen-deprived Scenedesmus obtusus XJ-15

Xia

Song

2015

J Appl Phycol

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This study investigated the changes in lipid and starch contents, lipid fraction, and lipid profile in the nitrogen-starved Scenedesmus obtusus XJ-15 at different temperatures (17, 25, and 33°C). The optimal temperature for both growth and lipid accumulation under nitrogen-sufficient condition was found to be 25°C. However, under nitrogen deprivation, the total and neutral lipids increased with increasing temperature, and achieved the highest lipid content of 47.60 % of dry cell weight and the highest TAG content of 79.66 % of total lipid at 33°C. In the meantime, the stored cellular starch content decreased with the increasing temperature. Thus, high temperature induced carbon flux from starch toward TAG accumulation in microalgae during nitrogen starvation. In addition, the decreased polar lipids may also serve for TAG synthesis under high temperature, and high temperature further reduced the degree of the fatty acid unsaturation and favored a better biodiesel production. These results suggested that high-temperature stress can be a good strategy for enhancing biofuel production in oleaginous microalgae during nitrogen deficiency.

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“…As carbohydrate synthesis requires less energy, carbohydrates are synthesized before lipids in a rapid response to environmental stress (Zhu et al, 2014). However, after a long period under nitrogen starvation, photosynthesis efficiency decreases, and cells start to metabolize carbohydrates as energy and carbon sources .…”

Section: Biomass Composition: Carbohydrates Proteins and Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(T.ISD) and Prymnesiophyte (NT19) biomasses was attributed to elevated temperatures (33 °C to 35 °C), and this result may be associated to the breakdown of protein structure and interference with enzyme regulators (Renaud et al, 2002). Nitrogen is essential for protein synthesis (Ikaran et al, 2015;Juneja et al, 2013;Zhu et al, 2014), so the decrease in protein synthesis by microalga cells is a natural response to nitrogen starvation (Zhu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Biomass Composition: Carbohydrates Proteins and Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study demonstrated that the lipid synthesis rate started to increase after 120 h nitrogen starvation (Zhu et al, 2014). In our study, the lipid content of biomass decreased with increased nitrogen concentration (p = 0.0016, R 2 = 0.70, Figure 3), ranging between 82.5 mg g -1 and 99.1 mg g -1 as nitrogen decreased from to 60 mg L -1 to 12 mg L -1 N-ND 3 (Figure 3).…”

Section: Biomass Composition: Carbohydrates Proteins and Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of temperature and nitrogen concentration on biomass composition of Heterochlorella luteoviridis

et al. 2017

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The interest in microalga as a food supplement has grown due their high contents of carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and proteins. This study evaluated the effect of different temperatures (22, 27 or 32 °C) and sodium nitrate concentrations (12, 24, 36, 48 or 60 mg L -1 of N-ND 3 ) in culture medium on Heterochlorella luteoviridis biomass production and composition. The highest biomass concentration (3.35 g L -1) was observed at the highest N-ND 3 concentration. The N-ND 3 concentration positively affected protein, carbohydrate and carotenoids contents of biomass. Dn the other hand, cells cultured at the lowest N-ND 3 concentration showed a slight increment in lipid content. The major carotenoid was lutein (30.7 ± 1.4% of total carotenoids), and the polyunsaturated fatty acids were 37 ± 2% of total fatty acids. Low temperature improved the biosynthesis of ω3 type fatty acids by lowering the ω6:ω3 ratio. Dverall, our results indicate H. luteoviridis can yield high biomass concentration under autotrophic growth, resulting in a biomass rich in carotenoids, mainly lutein, and ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.Keywords: nitrogen; temperature; lipids; omega-3; carotenoids; microalga.Practical Application: Microalgae can be used as food supplement and is a vegan source of omega-3 fatty acids.

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Metabolic changes of starch and lipid triggered by nitrogen starvation in the microalga Chlorella zofingiensis

Cited by 189 publications

References 35 publications

Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) Fermentation Wastewater Treatment by Oleaginous Yeast Trichosporon cutaneum

Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) Fermentation Wastewater Treatment by Oleaginous Yeast Trichosporon cutaneum

High temperature enhances lipid accumulation in nitrogen-deprived Scenedesmus obtusus XJ-15

Effect of temperature and nitrogen concentration on biomass composition of Heterochlorella luteoviridis

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