Metabolic changes of anterior cingulate cortex in patients with hepatic cirrhosis: A magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Abstract

Significant metabolite changes were seen in the ACC in cirrhotic patients. Of the metabolites examined, the mIns/Cr level in the ACC was most closely associated with the severity of HE and hepatic functional reserve reflected by Child-Pugh scale.

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis: Magnetic resonance spectroscopic brain findings versus neuropsychological changes

“…We demonstrated that these 1 H-MRS changes significantly correlated with liver dysfunction severity as Child-Pugh score in agreement with other studies [17,18].…”

“…In agreement with Zhang et al [17] no change in NAA/Cr was seen in patients with MHE compared with cirrhotics without MHE and healthy controls indicating the integrity of neurons where NAA is detected largely in them, emphasising that HE is a glial syndrome and loss or degenerations of neurons is seldom found [24].…”

Multimodality MR Imaging Findings of Low-Grade Brain Edema in Hepatic Encephalopathy

“…18 With 1 H-MR spectroscopy, no significant changes of NAA were detected in patients with cirrhosis compared with healthy subjects, which indicates the integrity of neurons. 31 However, this finding appears to be contradictory to the evidence of brain atrophy from voxel-based morphometry. 33 It is possible that mild-to-moderate loss of myelin and axons is not always found in chronic HE.…”

“…1 H-MR spectroscopy is widely used in HE studies and has consensus findings on the intracellular metabolite changes in HE, while 31 P MR spectroscopy studies are relatively rare and no consensus results are available. 5,6 Typical 1 H-MR spectroscopy findings of HE are lower Cho/Cr and mIns/Cr and higher Glx/Cr, 5,6,31 which are seen in all examined brain regions of patients compared with controls (Fig 5). Hyperammonia can account for the MR spectroscopy findings in patients with cirrhosis.…”

In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the evaluation of hepatic encephalopathy in dogs

“…34 Furthermore, decreases in the myoinositol peak appear to be the best discriminator for determining the severity of hepatic encephalopathy. 51 Values reported are mean ± SD. Metabolite concentrations are reported in mMol/L.…”