Metabolic and immunological assessment of small-for-gestational-age children during one-year treatment with growth hormone: the clinical impact of apolipoproteins

Kojima‐Ishii, Kanako; Toda, Naoko; Okubo, Ken; Tocan, Vlad; Ohyama, Noriko; Makimura, Mika; Matsuo, Takami; Ochiai, Masayuki; Ohga, Shouichi; Ihara, Kenji

doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0485

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Regarding the role of postnatal growth in resistin levels, the results obtained in studies have also been contradictory. Some authors affirmed that SGA infants presented lower resistin concentrations than AGA infants [63], whereas other authors observed higher values [64]. Korhonen et al [62] did not find an association between resistin concentrations and growth among 6-to 14-year-old former VLBW children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction

et al. 2020

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Adipose tissue programming could be developed in very preterm infants with extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR), with an adverse impact on long-term metabolic status, as was studied in intrauterine growth restriction patterns. The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the difference in levels of plasma adipokines in children with a history of EUGR. A total of 211 school age prepubertal children were examined: 38 with a history of prematurity and EUGR (EUGR), 50 with a history of prematurity with adequate growth (PREM), and 123 healthy children born at term. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, metabolic markers and adipokines (adiponectin, resistin, leptin) were measured. Children with a history of EUGR showed lower values of adiponectin (μg/mL) compared with the other two groups: (EUGR: 10.6 vs. PREM: 17.7, p < 0.001; vs. CONTROL: 25.7, p = 0.004) and higher levels of resistin (ng/mL) (EUGR: 19.2 vs. PREM: 16.3, p =0.007; vs. CONTROL: 7.1, p < 0.001. The PREM group showed the highest values of leptin (ng/mL), compared with the others: PREM: 4.9 vs. EUGR: 2.1, p = 0.048; vs. CONTROL: 3.2, p = 0.029). In conclusion, EUGR in premature children could lead to a distinctive adipokines profile, likely associated with an early programming of the adipose tissue, and likely to increase the risk of adverse health outcomes later in life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction

et al. 2020

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“…Regarding resistin concentrations, there are inconsistent findings. Some authors have confirmed higher resistin values in SGA infants [ 39 ], while other authors have observed lower values [ 40 ]. In our research, resistin levels did not show significant differences between the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serum Adipocytokines Profile in Children Born Small and Appropriate for Gestational Age—A Comparative Study

et al. 2023

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Background: Adipose tissue is not only a storage place for fat, but also an endocrine organ, secreting bioactive molecules which influence body metabolism. Such molecules are known as adipocytokines. In the past years the coincidence between adipocytokines and fetal growth restriction disorders was found. The aim of the study was to estimate serum levels of adiponectin, leptin and resistin in children born small for gestational age, compared to children born at an appropriate size for gestational age. Methods: The study consisted of 35 children aged seven to nine years, born SGA (small for gestational age) on term and 25 healthy children (14 girls, 11 boys), born with proper birthweight (AGA—appropriate for gestational age)–control group. Results: Adiponectin and leptin levels were significantly higher in the SGA group compared to the AGA group (p = 0.023, p = 0.018 respectively). The resistin values were comparable in both groups of patients. There was a positive correlation between serum leptin concentration and current body weight in SGA group (r = 0.28; p = 0.108). In turn, adiponectin levels in this group of patients negatively correlated with actual body weight (r = −0.51; p = 0.002). The negative correlation between body mass index and plasma adiponectin levels was found only in children born SGA. SGA children had significantly higher values of diastolic blood pressure. There was negative correlation between serum adiponectin level and systolic blood pressure in SGA children. In the SGA group the phenomenon of catch-up growth was observed in 32 children. Conclusions: Children born SGA have abnormal adipose tissue biomarkers profiles.

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“…An earlier analysis by Struwe et al, which included 16 small for gestational age (SGA) and 24 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) children, showed no significant difference between the two groups [ 62 ]. An analysis which compared SGA children at baseline with controls born appropriate size for age showed that resistin levels were lower for SGA children [ 63 ]. On the other hand, another study which included 45 SGA children showed higher levels of resistin, and it was independently correlated with low birth weight [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Blood Adipokines and Their Association with Fetal Growth: A Meta-Analysis of the Current Literature

Sapantzoglou,

Vlachos,

Papageorgiou

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Assessing fetal growth constitutes a fundamental aim within the realm of prenatal care. Impaired prenatal growth increases the risk of perinatal mortality, morbidity, and poor newborn outcomes. Growth restriction increases the risk of premature birth problems, as well as the risk of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes and future non-communicable disorders such as hypertension and metabolic syndrome as adults. The objective of this systematic review is to accumulate current literature evidence to assess the patterns of serum adipokine levels among women with growth-restricted fetuses and assess their potential alterations in those high-risk pregnancies. Methods: Medline, Scopus, CENTRAL, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched from inception until 31 March 2023. All observational studies reporting serum adipokine values among women with appropriately grown and growth-restricted fetuses were held eligible. Results: The current systematic review encompassed a total of 20 studies, incorporating a patient population of 1850 individuals. Maternal blood leptin emerged as the adipokine most investigated, as evidenced by 13 studies encompassing a collective sample size of 1081 patients, all of which explored its potential correlation with intrauterine growth restriction. Elevated levels of leptin were detected in fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction, although the observed difference did not reach statistical significance. Furthermore, regarding adiponectin, the meta-analysis conducted indicated that there were not any statistically significant differences observed in the mean values of adiponectin. The available data on the remaining three adipokines were extremely limited, making it difficult for any solid conclusions to be extracted. Conclusions: Though limited and inconsistent, the existing data suggest that fetal growth restriction is not linked to leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, or RBP4. More substantial prospective studies are needed to comprehend the importance of established and novel adipokines.

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Metabolic and immunological assessment of small-for-gestational-age children during one-year treatment with growth hormone: the clinical impact of apolipoproteins

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction

Plasma Adipokines Profile in Prepubertal Children with a History of Prematurity or Extrauterine Growth Restriction

Serum Adipocytokines Profile in Children Born Small and Appropriate for Gestational Age—A Comparative Study

Maternal Blood Adipokines and Their Association with Fetal Growth: A Meta-Analysis of the Current Literature

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