Metabolic and body composition changes in first year following traumatic amputation

Abstract

Abstract-Body composition and metabolism may change considerably after traumatic amputation because of muscle atrophy and an increase in adiposity. The purpose of this study was to quantify changes in weight, body composition, and metabolic rate during the first year following traumatic amputation in military servicemembers. Servicemembers without amputation were included for comparison. Participants were measured within the first 12 wk after amputation (baseline) and at 6, 9, and 12 mo after amputation. Muscle mass, fat mass, weight, and metabolic rate were measured at each time point. There was a significant increase in weight and body mass index in the unilateral group between baseline and all follow-up visits (p < 0.01). Over the 12 mo period, total fat mass and trunk fat mass increased in both unilateral and bilateral groups; however, these changes were not statistically significant over time. Muscle mass increased in both the unilateral and bilateral groups despite percent of lean mass decreasing. No changes in resting metabolism or walking energy expenditure were observed in any group. The results of this study conclude that weight significantly increased because of an increase in both fat mass and muscle mass in the first year following unilateral and bilateral amputation.

<p>Retrospective study of cardiovascular disease risk factors among a cohort of combat veterans with lower limb amputation</p>

“…A decrease in muscle mass and an increase in weight has been recently observed among veterans within the first year of a lower leg amputation;34 these changes in body composition are likely to result in future metabolic changes and an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. From a primary care perspective, abdominal adiposity and/or BMI are modifiable risk factors.…”

Predicting ambulatory energy expenditure in lower limb amputees using multi-sensor methods

“…Unfavourable body composition changes can occur after amputation [4–6] and individuals with amputation are at increased risk of developing cardio-metabolic disorders [1–3] and a number of other secondary physical conditions [43], including osteoporosis, low back pain [44] and osteoarthritis [45]. The models we have developed could allow clinicians and researchers to objectively assess the influence of different environments (e.g.…”

“…Individuals who experience traumatic lower-limb amputation have been shown to be at increased risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases [1–3]. Reducing the development of unfavourable body composition changes [4–6] and the secondary health conditions associated with obesity, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus [1–3], is a primary objective in the long-term recovery of individuals with lower-limb amputation. It is well established that the higher the level of amputation (above knee versus below knee) and the greater number of lower-limbs amputated (bilateral versus unilateral) are associated with a higher metabolic cost of walking and reduced ambulatory physical activity (PA) [7–9].…”

The Effect of Two Weeks Physiotherapy on Lower Limb Function and Pain after Lower Limb Amputation

“…Bigės skausmas pasireiškia pirmosiomis dienomis po amputacijos, vėliau ligonis gali jausti fantominį skausmą (pasireiškia 80% amputuotųjų), nugaros skausmą, taip pat gali atsirasti komplikacijų (Neil, Bannister, 2015). Dažniausiai pasitaikanti komplikacija yra infekcija, taip pat gali atsirasti fantominis jutimas, sąnarių kontraktūros, sumažėti raumenų jėga (Eckard et al, 2015;Lee et al, 2015).…”