Metabolic Activity of Uridine 5′-Diphosphoglucose: Cinnamyl Alcohol Glucosyltransferase as an Intrinsic Indicator of Cambial Growth in Conifers

Förster, Hartmut; Pommer, U.; Savidge, Rodney Arthur

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-4139-4_20

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…CAD, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase; UDPG:CAGT, UDPglucose:coniferyl alcohol glucosyl transferase; G-Lignin, guaiacyl lignin. Dashed arrows indicate steps that were reported from enzyme activities (Ibrahim and Grisebach 1976;Schmid and Grisebach 1982;Fo¨ster et al 1999). A curved arrow represents the possible flow of compounds that the proposed pathway might not apply to intact plants because of feeding experiments, ginkgo has the potency to use this pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It has also been reported that cinnamaldehydes are also suitable substrates for CAGT (Ibrahim and Grisebach 1976;Schmid and Grisebach 1982). Recent studies have shown that CAGT from Pinus strobu s can catalyze the in vitro glucosylation of cinnamaldehydes to their corresponding 4O-b-D-glucosides (Fo¨ster et al 1999) and that the seasonal change in CAGT activity for coniferaldehyde is similar to that for coniferyl alcohol (Fo¨ster et al 2000;Steeves et al 2001). Taken together, these findings indicate that the pathway involving the glucosides of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamyl alcohol might have unknown roles in monolignol biosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Unexpected behavior of coniferin in lignin biosynthesis of Ginkgo biloba L

Tsuji

Chen

Yasuda

et al. 2005

Planta

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To gain insight into the behavior of monolignol glucoside in Ginkgo biloba L., we examined glucosides potentially involved in lignin biosynthetic pathway. Coniferin (coniferyl alcohol 4O-beta-D-glucoside) is a strong candidate for the storage form of monolignol. Coniferaldehyde glucoside may also have a role in lignin biosynthesis; this was examined with tracer experiments using labeled glucosides fed to stem segments. A series of tracer experiments showed that coniferin and coniferaldehyde glucoside were modified into coniferyl alcohol and then efficiently incorporated into lignin under the experimental conditions used. Interestingly, more than half of the administered coniferin underwent an oxidation to the aldehyde form before its aglycone; coniferyl alcohol was polymerized into lignin. This suggests that there is an alternative pathway for coniferin to enter the monolignol biosynthetic pathway, in addition to the direct pathway beginning with the deglucosylation of coniferin catalyzed by beta-glucosidase. Enzymatic assays revealed that coniferaldehyde glucoside was produced enzymatically from coniferin, and that coniferaldehyde glucoside can be deglucosylated to yield coniferaldehyde, which could be fated to become coniferyl alcohol . Albeit the findings cannot be taken as proof for the in-planta functioning, these results present a possibility for the existence of alternative pathway in which some of the stored coniferin is oxidized to coniferaldehyde glucoside, which is deglucosylated to generate coniferaldehyde that joins the monolignol biosynthesis pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Unexpected behavior of coniferin in lignin biosynthesis of Ginkgo biloba L

Tsuji

Chen

Yasuda

et al. 2005

Planta

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Occurrence, Function and Biosynthesis of Lignins

Monties¹,

Fukushima

2001

Biopolymers Online

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Introduction Historical Outline Occurrence in the Plant Kingdom According to Type of Plant According to Plant Tissue Contribution to Dry Matter Annual Global Synthesis Ultrastructure of Wood and Lignocellulose Role of Lignin in the Biopolymer Matrix Interactions with Other Cell‐wall Polymers Functions of Lignin Stability of Plant Tissues Protection against Biodegradation Regulation of Water Transport Other Functions Related to Plant Evolution and Systematics Precursors of Biosynthesis Biosynthesis Transport Established Pathways Radical Polymerization Labeling Experiments Recent Findings, Hypotheses, and Controversies Regulation of Lignification Expression of Enzymes and Genes Effects of Genetic Manipulation Patents

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On the Mechanism to Regulate the Ratio of Syringyl to Guaiacyl Moieties in Lignin

Fukushima

2001

Progress in Biotechnology

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Metabolic Activity of Uridine 5′-Diphosphoglucose: Cinnamyl Alcohol Glucosyltransferase as an Intrinsic Indicator of Cambial Growth in Conifers

Cited by 3 publications

References 84 publications

Unexpected behavior of coniferin in lignin biosynthesis of Ginkgo biloba L

Unexpected behavior of coniferin in lignin biosynthesis of Ginkgo biloba L

Occurrence, Function and Biosynthesis of Lignins

On the Mechanism to Regulate the Ratio of Syringyl to Guaiacyl Moieties in Lignin

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