Metabolic abnormalities linked to an increased cardiovascular risk are associated with high-grade prostate cancer: a single biopsy cohort analysis

Nunzio, Cosimo De; Truscelli, Giovanni; Trucchi, Alberto; Petta, S; Tubaro, Marco; Gacci, Mauro; Gaudio, Carlo; Presicce, Fabrizio; Tubaro, Andrea

doi:10.1038/pcan.2015.45

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In some of the included studies, visceral obesity was not the main independent variable (Tables 1 and 2), but it was instead included as a confounder variable or used as part of a group of variables to define/diagnosis the main independent variable such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). 10,[18][19][20][21] However, visceral obesity is more appropriate to investigate obesity-related health risks. Therefore, it was challenging to explore the role/connection of visceral obesity with both CVD and cancer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MetS has been consistently associated with the risk of CVD, and recently, some studies investigated its association with several types of cancers, showing also a positive association. 10,[18][19][20] The prevalence of MetS is increasing worldwide and, consequently, the number of studies on its association with health outcomes. Some of the MetS components such as abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia had been associated with CVD and different types of cancer, most of them being sex specific.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visceral obesity and incident cancer and cardiovascular disease: An integrative review of the epidemiological evidence

et al. 2020

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Summary Evidence shows a strong relationship between obesity, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, there is not enough evidence of the role of visceral obesity on both CVD and cancer. Visceral obesity may be more pro‐oncogenic than total body fat. Therefore, it is important to know whether abdominal obesity can lead to both CVD and cancer. The present integrative review aimed at evaluating epidemiological evidence on the potential connection of visceral obesity in the occurrence of cancer and CVD. The following databases were searched: SCOPUS, PubMed, Science Direct, Lilacs, SciELO, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus and ProQuest. The presence of visceral obesity can increase the risk of some specific cancer types, but there is controversial evidence about CVD risk based on sex‐specific and ageing analyses. There is enough evidence that visceral obesity increases the risk of colorectal, pancreatic and gastro‐oesophageal cancer. However, for some types of cancer such as breast, endometrial and renal, visceral obesity is a risk only in post‐menopausal women. Regarding prostate cancer, the evidence is controversial. Despite the risk of visceral obesity being consistently associated with CVD in adults, this association disappears in sex‐specific and older adults analyses. Moreover, in older adults, the results are controversial due to the use of different measures such as waist circumference and visceral adipose tissue. However, the evidence showing visceral obesity as a risk factor to CVD remains controversial. Sex differences, ageing and body mass index (BMI) category can potentially modify this association. Therefore, further epidemiological studies with analyses stratified by sex and samples including older adults aged 65 and older are needed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral obesity and incident cancer and cardiovascular disease: An integrative review of the epidemiological evidence

et al. 2020

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“…Even though conflicting results have been shown in several studies [ 4 , 5 ], many data supported the existence of a possible association between PCa and MetS. MetS subsequently impacted on PCa incidence, aggressiveness, and outcomes [ 6 , 7 ]. The biological mechanisms explaining these findings remain unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Analysis of Prostate Cancer Treatments in Promoting Metabolic Syndrome Development and the Influence of Increased Metabolic Syndrome on Prostate Cancer Therapeutic Outcome

et al. 2018

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In clinical practice, few prostate cancer (PCa) patients are associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), while few others acquire MetS during treatment. Whether the treatment of PCa increases the occurrence of MetS remains to be confirmed. This study reviewed the changes in MetS patients before and after PCa treatment to evaluate the effects of various treatment methods on MetS. We analyzed data of 1162 PCa patients, whether or not diagnosed with MetS, and changes in MetS patients after PCa treatment. Data of lower urinary tract symptoms, C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet distribution width (PDW), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Gleason score, clinical stage, treatment methods, and progressive incidents were evaluated using logistic regression according to MetS diagnosis. The results showed significant differences in the prevalence of MetS before (17.38%) and after (23.67%) PCa treatment (P < 0.001). Bad diet, living habits, and prostate cancer treatment were considered as risk factors for MetS (OR = 1.731, 95%CI 1.367–2.193, P < 0.001). Radical prostatectomy (RP), androgen deprivation therapy including surgical castration and medical castration, iodine-125 seed brachytherapy (125I limited), and chemotherapy were independent risk factors of MetS. The MetS incidence rates after treatment in ADT+125I limited+chemotherapy compared to RP+TURP+EBRT were statistically significant at the corresponding risk grade (all P < 0.001). After treatment, the occurrence rates of progressive incidences were higher in MetS-PCa patients compared to non-MetS-PCa patients (all P < 0.001). So, the findings suggested that among PCa patients, multiple factors contribute to the occurrence of MetS, and PCa treatment is one among them. ADT+125I limited+chemotherapy may be the most influential treatment for MetS.

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“…Mets is a complex disorder, strictly related to obesity, defined by a cluster of interconnected factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular and atherosclerotic diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. [ 5 6 ] Epidemiological studies associate obesity and Mets with a multitude of cancer types. [ 7 8 ] The correlation between prostate cancer and obesity remains controversial[ 3 9 10 11 12 13 ] mainly based on the relation between body mass index (BMI) and pathology after surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and biochemical markers of visceral adipose tissue activity: Body mass index, visceral adiposity index, leptin, adiponectin, and matrix metalloproteinase-3. Correlation with Gleason patterns 4 and 5 at prostate biopsy

et al. 2018

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Context:The correlation between aggressive prostate cancer and obesity mainly based on body mass index (BMI) and pathology after surgery remains controversial.Aims:The aim of the study was to correlate BMI, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and the plasmatic levels of leptin, adiponectin, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and biomarkers of adipose tissue function, with the detection of Gleason patterns 4 and 5 at biopsy.Subjects and Methods:Consecutive patients with prostate cancer at 12-core transrectal biopsy were enrolled. BMI, waist circumference (WC), blood samples to evaluate the plasmatic levels of triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL), adiponectin, leptin, and MMP-3 were obtained immediately before biopsy. The VAI was calculated according to the formula: WC/(39.68 + [1.88 × BMI]) × TG/1.03 × 1.31/HDL.Results:One hundred and forty-nine patients were entered. The median PSA, BMI, and VAI were 10.0 ng/ml, 27.6 kg/m2, and 4.6, respectively. Gleason patterns 4 or 5 were detected in 68 (45.6%) patients; in 15 (41.7%), 31 (44.9%), and 22 (50.0%) among normal weight, overweight, and obese patients, respectively (P = 0.55). The statistical analysis did not show any significant correlation between BMI, VAI, the plasmatic levels of leptin, adiponectin, MMP-3, and the detection of Gleason patterns 4 and 5 at biopsy. A statistically significant association emerged with older age (P = 0.017) and higher PSA values (P = 0.02).Conclusion:We did not find any association between BMI, VAI, the plasmatic levels of adiponectin, leptin, and MMP-3 and the detection of Gleason patterns 4 and 5 at prostate biopsy.

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Metabolic abnormalities linked to an increased cardiovascular risk are associated with high-grade prostate cancer: a single biopsy cohort analysis

Abstract: In our study, a moderate/high CVR is associated with an increased risk of a high-grade Gleason score when PCa is diagnosed on biopsy. Although these results should be confirmed in multicentre studies, patients with moderate/high CVR should be carefully evaluated for PCa diagnosis.

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Visceral obesity and incident cancer and cardiovascular disease: An integrative review of the epidemiological evidence

Visceral obesity and incident cancer and cardiovascular disease: An integrative review of the epidemiological evidence

Risk Analysis of Prostate Cancer Treatments in Promoting Metabolic Syndrome Development and the Influence of Increased Metabolic Syndrome on Prostate Cancer Therapeutic Outcome

Clinical and biochemical markers of visceral adipose tissue activity: Body mass index, visceral adiposity index, leptin, adiponectin, and matrix metalloproteinase-3. Correlation with Gleason patterns 4 and 5 at prostate biopsy

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