Metabolic Abnormalities Associated with the Use of Protease Inhibitors and Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Rao, Madhu N.; Lee, Grace A.; Grünfeld, Carl

doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2006.159.166

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 79 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…PIs are said to be the anti-retrovirals most commonly associated with glucose abnormalities, [ 16 ] and an advisory warning was issued by the FDA in 1997 regarding the development of hyperglycaemia in patients on treatment with PIs. [ 17 ] Many studies have therefore been carried out among HIV-positive patients on protease inhibitors, comparing their blood glucose profile to that of HAART-naïve patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of fasting blood glucose among children living with hiv in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background There is growing concern as regards the emergence of metabolic disorders among children living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide. However, there is paucity of data on the correlates of metabolic indices among HIV-positive children in Africa. Methods This study examined 84 HIV-positive children on HAART recruited from the paediatric infectious diseases clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital for blood glucose levels using finger-prick testing with an Accu-check glucose meter and test strips. Clinical information was obtained via clinical history and medical records. Data was analyzed to examine the relationship between FBG and the classes of HAART, duration of illness and treatment using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results FBG was significantly associated with the classes of HAART (x2=12.4, p = 0.017). In addition, there was a significant association between FBG and duration of illness [F(2, 81) = 6.0; P = 0.004], as well as FBG and duration on HAART [F(2, 81) = 7.9; P = 0.001]. However, duration on HAART and type of HAART were the significant predictors of FBG in this study accounting for 10.5% and 4.1% of the variance, respectively. Conclusions There is a greater risk of dysglycemia in paediatric patients with a longer cumulative exposure to HAART. Routine blood glucose checks among children on HAART, especially those who have received HAART for a longer duration of time may therefore be useful in their management.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of fasting blood glucose among children living with hiv in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These abnormalities are common in adults infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) [ 19 ]. The HIV infection itself has been shown to cause changes in glucose and lipid metabololism [ 20 , 21 ]. Few studies have been carried out in Cameroon on disturbances in lipid metabolism and nutritional deficiency in HIV-infected patients [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Spirulina platensis supplementation on lipid profile in HIV–infected antiretroviral naïve patients in Yaounde - Cameroon: a randomized trial study

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVD) and metabolic alterations are among the majors public health concern that have been reported in people living with HIV infections. Factors contributing to cardio metabolic syndrome in HIV include body fat distribution, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, cardiovascular dysfunction and inflammation. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Spirulina platensis (Cyanobacteriaceae) supplementation versus local diet on lipid profile in HIV-infected antiretroviral-naive patients.MethodsA prospective single-blind, randomized, multicentre study was conducted from February 2010 to December 2012. A total of 320 HIV antiretroviral-naïve patients were screened and 169 were recruited in this study. Patients were randomized and received either Spirulina supplementation combined with local diet (n = 82) or local diet only (n = 87). Age, weight, body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, CD4 count, and local food intake variables were assessed on three separate occasions (three, six and twelve months).ResultsAn average age of the patients was 35.6 ± 9 years. The majority of participants were female 67.1%. Regarding the lipid profile, there is a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol and a significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in the group of patients who consumed Spirulina platensis. A change in the atherogenic index defined by the ratio CT/HDL-C substitutable by LDL-C/HDL-C and the TC/HDL decreased significantly from 10.83 at baseline to 2.22 after 12 months (p = 0.21 and p <0.0001) in the patients taking Spirulina.ConclusionsNutritional supplementation with Spirulina combined with a quantitative and qualitative balanced diet for at least six months can retard an exposition to lipid abnormalities in HIV–infected antiretroviral-naive patients. Further studies are recommended on a large group of people not infected with HIV and exposed to cardiovascular risk factors.

show abstract

Effect of genetic variations in drug transporters, metabolizing enzyme and regulatory genes on the development of HIV‐associated lipodystrophy

Shyamveer

Arif

Singh

2023

The Journal of Gene Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adipocytes play a crucial role in the metabolism of lipids and sugars. Their response varies depending on the circumstances or other factors influenced by physiological and metabolic stresses. People living with HIV (PLWH) experience different effects of HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on their body fat. Some patients respond well to antiretroviral therapy (ART), while others taking similar regimens do not. The genetic makeup of patients has been strongly linked to the variable responses to HAART among PLWH. The cause of HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS) is not well understood, but it may be influenced by genetic variations in the host. The metabolism of lipid effectively modulates plasma triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in PLWH. Genes related to drug metabolism and transport play an important role in the transportation and metabolism of ART drugs. Genetic variation in metabolizing enzyme genes of antiretroviral drugs, lipid transport and transcription factor-related genes could interfere with fat storage and metabolism, contributing to the development of HALS. Hence we examined the impact of genes associated with transport, metabolism and various transcription factors in metabolic complications, and their impact on HALS. A study using databases such as PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar was conducted to understand the impact of these genes on metabolic complications and HALS. The present article discuss the changes in the expression and regulation of genes and their involvement in the lipid metabolism, lipolysis and lipogenesis pathways. Moreover, alteration of the drug transporter, metabolizing enzyme and various transcription factors can lead to HALS. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes that play an essential role in drug metabolism and drug and lipid transportation may also contribute to individual differences in the emergence of metabolic and morphological alterations during HAART treatment.

show abstract

Metabolic Abnormalities Associated with the Use of Protease Inhibitors and Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Cited by 9 publications

References 79 publications

Correlates of fasting blood glucose among children living with hiv in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study

Correlates of fasting blood glucose among children living with hiv in a Nigerian tertiary hospital: a cross-sectional study

Effects of Spirulina platensis supplementation on lipid profile in HIV–infected antiretroviral naïve patients in Yaounde - Cameroon: a randomized trial study

Effect of genetic variations in drug transporters, metabolizing enzyme and regulatory genes on the development of HIV‐associated lipodystrophy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About