Meta‐analysis: risk of hepatitis C virus infection associated with hospital‐based invasive procedures

Henriot, Paul; Castry, Mathieu; Ngũyen, Liem Binh Luong; Shimakawa, Yusuke; Jean, Kévin; Temime, Laura

doi:10.1111/apt.17106

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…Our work suggests that hospitals might still generate new HCV and HBV contaminations, especially in healthcare settings with low resources and/or suboptimal disinfection practices. This is in line with recent studies highlighting a persisting increased risk of HBV and HCV infection associated with medical and surgical procedures (2,16). We showed that nosocomial acquisitions could however be tackled by improving control measures and by a better allocation of financial resources to make more sterile devices available for hospitals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

An agent-based model to simulate the transmission dynamics of bloodborne pathogens within hospitals

Henriot,

El Kassas,

Anwar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Bloodborne pathogens are a major public health concern as they can lead to a variety of medical conditions, including cirrhosis and cancers with significant mortality and morbidity. Three viruses are of major concern: HCV, HBV and HIV. Their transmission is mostly community-associated but the iatrogenic risk of infection is not negligible, even today. Mathematical models are widely used to describe and assess pathogens transmission, within communities and hospitals. Nevertheless, few are focusing on the transmission of pathogens through blood and even fewer on their transmission within hospital as they usually study the risk of community-associated infection in vulnerable populations such as MSM or drug users. Herein, we propose an agent-based SEI (Susceptible-Exposed-Infected) model to explore the transmission dynamics of bloodborne pathogens within hospitals. This model simulates the dynamics of patients between hospital wards, from their admission to discharge, as well as the dynamics of the devices used during at-risk invasive procedures, considering that patient contamination occurs after exposure to a contaminated device. Multiple parameters of the model, such as HCV prevalence, transition probabilities between wards or ward-specific probabilities of undergoing different invasive procedures, were informed with data collected in the University Hospital of Ain Shams in Cairo, Egypt in 2017. We explored the effect of device shortage as well as the effect of random and systematic screening with associated modification in disinfection practices on the risk of infection for patients. By modifying some parameters of the model, we then explored the case of HBV in Ethiopia. In the future, this model could be used to assess the risk of transmission of other bloodborne pathogens in other contexts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

An agent-based model to simulate the transmission dynamics of bloodborne pathogens within hospitals

Henriot,

El Kassas,

Anwar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Similar results were reported by Kazi et al and Zenebe et al [ 65 , 66 ]. Failure to adhere to infection control procedures during surgical operations, as well as a gap in the cleaning and sterilizing of materials used in procedures, contribute to increase the transmission of HCV infection [ 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections and associated factors among prisoners in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia

Tadesse,

Ayalew,

Million

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) cause considerable morbidity and mortality from their acute and chronic infections. The transmission of the viruses within the prisons is high due to overcrowding, and other risk behaviors such as drug use, and unsafe sexual practices. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated factors of HBV and HCV infections among prisoners in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gondar City Prison Center from May 1, 2022, to July 30, 2022. A total of 299 prison inmates were selected by using a systematic random sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical, behavioral and prison related factors. Five milliliters of blood sample were collected, and the serum was separated from the whole blood. The serum was tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV antibody by using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Data was entered using EpiData version 4.6.0 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was done to assess the association between the independent variables and HBV and HCV infections. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The overall seroprevalence of HBV or HCV infections was 10.4%. The seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infections was 7.0% and 4.0%, respectively. It has been demonstrated that having several heterosexual partners, sharing sharp materials in prison, having longer imprisonment, and having a body tattoo are significantly associated with HBV infection. The presence of a body tattoo, a history of surgical procedures, and previous imprisonment are associated risk factors for HCV infection. Conclusion The prevalence of HBV and HCV were high-intermediate and high, respectively. Therefore, preventative and control initiatives are needed in prisons to decrease the rate of infection and transmission.

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“…This study aimed at better understanding patient trajectories within an Egyptian hospital to help manage the HCV infection risk. Our work was based on data collected on 500 patients within Ain Shams hospital, Egypt, and on a meta-analysis investigating the risk of HCV infection for multiple hospital-based procedures, 18 from which we computed HCV infection risks for all patients over the course of their hospitalisation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was based on a previous meta-analysis studying the association between HCV infection and ten groups of iatrogenic procedures. 18 The 15 procedure types in the data were aggregated to match the groups considered in this meta-analysis (Table 1). Odds-ratio (OR) distributions were considered log-normal with mean equal to the average ORs and standard deviation derived from the associated confidence intervals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preventing iatrogenic HCV infection: A quantitative risk assessment based on observational data in an Egyptian hospital

Henriot

Anwar

Gaafary

et al. 2022

Preprint

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When compliance with infection control recommendations is non-optimal, hospitals may play an important role in hepatitis C (HCV) transmission. However, few studies have analysed HCV acquisition risk based on detailed empirical data in order to identify high-risk patient profiles or transmission hotspots. We used data from a prospective cohort study conducted on 500 patients in the internal medicine and surgery departments of Ain Shams hospital (Cairo, Egypt). We first performed a sequence analysis to describe patient trajectory profiles. Second, we estimated each patient individual risk of HCV acquisition based on ward-specific prevalence and procedures undergone. We then identified within-hospital risk hotspots by computing ward-level risks. A beta regression model was used to highlight upon-admission factors linked to HCV acquisition risk. Finally, ward-focused and patient-focused strategies were assessed for their ability to reduce HCV infection risk. Sequence analysis identified 4 distinct patient profiles. The estimated HCV acquisition risk varied widely between patients and patient profiles. The risk was found to be higher in the internal medicine hospital compared to the surgery hospital (median: 0.188% IQR [0.142%-0.235%] vs. 0.043%, CI 95%: [0.036%-0.050%]). Upon-admission risk predictors included source of admission, age, reason for hospitalization, and history of anti-schistosomiasis treatment, injection and endoscopy. Patient-focused interventions were found to be most effective to reduce HCV infection risk. Our results might help reduce the risk of HCV acquisition during hospitalisation in Egypt by targeting enhanced control measures to ward-level transmission hotspots and to at-risk patients identified upon admission.

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Meta‐analysis: risk of hepatitis C virus infection associated with hospital‐based invasive procedures

Cited by 7 publications

References 91 publications

An agent-based model to simulate the transmission dynamics of bloodborne pathogens within hospitals

An agent-based model to simulate the transmission dynamics of bloodborne pathogens within hospitals

Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections and associated factors among prisoners in Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia

Preventing iatrogenic HCV infection: A quantitative risk assessment based on observational data in an Egyptian hospital

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