Meta-analysis of the influence of dietary glycine and serine, with consideration of methionine and cysteine, on growth and feed conversion of broilers

Siegert, W.; Ahmadi, Hamed; Rodehutscord, M.

doi:10.3382/ps/pev129

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The HPLC analysis of S. persica fruit estimated high concentration of cysteine (733.69 mg 100 g -1 DW) which was comparable to that reported for Brachystegia eurycoma, Pipper guineense , and Thonn ( Bolanle et al, 2014 ). Glycine functions as key neurotransmitter in nervous system ( Siegert et al, 2015 ). Besides this, it also helps in reducing blood sugar ( Banipal et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antioxidant Activities, Metabolic Profiling, Proximate Analysis, Mineral Nutrient Composition of Salvadora persica Fruit Unravel a Potential Functional Food and a Natural Source of Pharmaceuticals

et al. 2017

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Salvadora persica is a medicinally important plant mainly used in oral hygiene. However, little attention has been given towards the nutritional prominence of this plant. This study encloses the proximate and mineral nutrient contents, amino acid composition, metabolite profiling and antioxidant potential of S. persica fruit. The ripen fruit contained substantial amount of sugars, mineral nutrients, carotenoids, polyphenols and flavonoids. The metabolic profiling of the fruit extract by GC-MS revealed a total of 22 metabolites comprising of sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids, organic base, and aromatic silica compound. The identified metabolites have been previously reported to have potential antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-hyperglycemic, and antitumor properties. The GC-MS analysis indicated high glucose and glucopyranose (247.62 and 42.90 mg g-1 FW respectively) contents in fruit of S. persica. The fruit extract demonstrated a significantly higher antioxidant and ROS scavenging properties along with high contents of mineral nutrients and essential amino acids. HPLC analysis revealed presence of essential and non-essential amino acid required for healthy body metabolism. The cysteine was found to be in highest amount (733.69 mg 100 g-1 DW) among all amino acids quantified. Specifically, compared to similar medicinal plants, previously reported as a source of non-conventional food and with some of the commercially important fruits, S. persica fruit appears to be a potential source of essential mineral nutrients, amino acids, vitamins (ascorbic acid and carotenoid) and pharmaceutically important metabolites contributing towards fulfilling the recommended daily requirement of these for a healthy human being. This is the first report establishing importance of S. persica fruit as nutraceuticals. The data presented here proposed that fruit of S. persica may be used as functional food or reinvigorating ingredient for processed food to reduce deficiency of nutrients among the vulnerable population group. The phytochemicals identified from S. persica fruit may be used as natural source for pharmaceutical preparations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is produced from phenylalanine in the human body. It is used in dietary supplement for the treatment of depression and dementia ( Siegert et al, 2015 ). Besides this, it is also utilized for drug delivery as an intercalating agent because of its structural resemblance with several drugs in pharmaceutical industry ( Banipal et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Activities, Metabolic Profiling, Proximate Analysis, Mineral Nutrient Composition of Salvadora persica Fruit Unravel a Potential Functional Food and a Natural Source of Pharmaceuticals

et al. 2017

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“…Glycine has been shown to enhance the utilization of amino acids and alleviate physiological stress caused by feeding diets with imbalanced amino acid content, known as one of the conditional essential amino acids ( Snetsinger and Scott, 1961 ). There is some evidence suggesting that glycine, together with serine, interact with threonine as well as sulfur amino acids in a way important for birds given low-protein diets ( Dean et al., 2006 , Ospina-Rojas et al., 2012 , Siegert et al., 2015 ). In the current study, increasing dietary glycine had a positive effect on weight gain at d 35 whereas it also led to a higher lesion scores in the jejunum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of supplemental glycine in establishing a subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge model in broiler chickens

Xue

Choct

et al. 2017

Animal Nutrition

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Subclinical necrotic enteritis (NE) is an economically important disease in the broiler industry. With the move towards removal of antibiotics from feeds, solutions to control subclinical NE are desperately being sought. Dietary glycine has been shown to promote proliferation of Clostridium perfringens (Cp) and may thus be useful to include in a NE challenge model. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of increased dietary glycine levels on subclinical NE. A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was carried out using day-old male Ross 308 chicks (n = 624) allocated to 48 floor pens with 8 treatments of 6 replicates with 11 birds per treatment. Factors were: Cp challenge (C− or C+), Eimeria spp. challenge (E− or E+), and dietary glycine in the grower diet (0 or 10 g/kg). Birds had higher FCR when challenged with Eimeria (P < 0.01) or Cp (P < 0.05) on d 24 or Cp on d 35 but FCR was lower when fed glycine on d 24 (P < 0.01). Supplementation of glycine reduced feed intake on d 24 and increased weight gain on d 35 (P < 0.05). A Cp × Eimeria × glycine interaction (P < 0.05) showed a higher jejunal lesion scores in birds challenged with a combination of Cp and glycine compared with those with Eimeria and glycine or the unchallenged birds. Lesion score interactions between Cp and glycine (P < 0.05) in the ileum and Cp and Eimeria in the duodenum (P < 0.05) and ileum (P < 0.05) illustrated higher lesion scores in birds challenged with Cp without Eimeria or glycine compared to those not challenged with Cp. This study suggests that using glycine can partially replace Eimeria in a subclinical NE challenge model in promoting the intestinal lesions but not impairing chicken performance.

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“…The amount of Gly available on gut level is influenced by availability of its precursors, but also by processes as the conversion of cysteine from methionine. The ratio methionine/cysteine may, consequently, affect the amount of Ser and of Gly that is available (Siegert et al, 2015b). Glycine is involved in the process of nitrogen excretion via the urine.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…To reach maximal performance in broilers fed low-protein diets, supplemental free Gly may be essential (Ospina-Rojas et al, 2013). As different studies showed, the response to dietary Gly+Ser was inconsistent (Siegert et al, 2015b). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the optimal level of Gly+Ser in lowprotein broiler diets.…”

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confidence: 99%

Glycine plus serine requirement of broilers fed low-protein diets : a dose response study

Harn¹,

Dijkslag²,

Krimpen³

2018

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Harn, J. van, M.A. Dijkslag and M.M. van Krimpen, 2018. Glycine plus serine requirement of broilers fed low-protein diets; A dose response study. Wageningen Livestock Research, Report 1116. SamenvattingIn een dosis-respons studie met 910 Ross 308 vleeskuikenhanen, die werden gehuisvest in 70 grondhokken met strooisel, werd het effect van het glycine(+serine) niveau in laag-eiwitvoeders onderzocht in het leeftijdstraject van 10 -35 dagen. In totaal werden vijf verteerbare glycine+serine niveaus, oplopend in evenredige stappen van 12,4 tot 15,7 g/kg in de groeifase en van 11,4 tot 14,9 g/kg in de eindfase, onderzocht. Daarnaast werd het mogelijk glycine-besparende effect van threonine bestudeerd; hiertoe werd aan het laag-eiwit voer met het laagste glycine+serine niveau extra threonine toegevoegd. De resultaten van de laag-eiwitvoeders werden vergeleken met een voer met een normaal eiwitgehalte met eenzelfde aminozurenprofiel.Uit dit onderzoek kwam naar voren dat het glycine+serine niveau in laag-eiwitvoeders geen noemenswaardig effect had op de productieresultaten, slachtrendementen, strooiselkwaliteit en voetzoollaesiescore en dat een verteerbaar glycine+serine gehalte van 12,4 g/kg en 11,4 g/kg in respectievelijk het groei-en eindvoer voldoende is. SummaryIn a study with 910 Ross 308 male broilers, housed in 70 floor pens bedded with wood shavings, the effect of digestible glycine+serine content (5 levels ranging from 12.4 to 15.7 g/kg and 11.4 to 14.9 g/kg in grower and finisher diets, respectively) in low-protein diets was studied from 10 -35 days of age. In this study, also the glycine-sparing effect of threonine was studied. In total seven different treatments were studied: a control treatment (a normal/high protein diet), five low-protein dietary treatments with increasing levels of digestible glycine+serine and a low-protein dietary treatment in which extra threonine was supplemented to the diet with the lowest glycine+serine level. Growth performance results, slaughter yields, litter quality, litter composition and footpad score were measured.This study showed that the glycine+serine level in low-protein feed did not have a noticeable effect on the production results, slaughter yields, litter quality and foot pad lesion. Based on this study it was concluded that a digestible glycine+serine dose in low-protein diets of 12.4 g/kg and 11.4 g/kg in grower and finisher phase, respectively, is sufficient.

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Meta-analysis of the influence of dietary glycine and serine, with consideration of methionine and cysteine, on growth and feed conversion of broilers

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

Antioxidant Activities, Metabolic Profiling, Proximate Analysis, Mineral Nutrient Composition of Salvadora persica Fruit Unravel a Potential Functional Food and a Natural Source of Pharmaceuticals

Antioxidant Activities, Metabolic Profiling, Proximate Analysis, Mineral Nutrient Composition of Salvadora persica Fruit Unravel a Potential Functional Food and a Natural Source of Pharmaceuticals

The role of supplemental glycine in establishing a subclinical necrotic enteritis challenge model in broiler chickens

Glycine plus serine requirement of broilers fed low-protein diets : a dose response study

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