Meta-analysis of studies on breast cancer risk and diet

Gandini, Sara; Merzenich, Hiltrud; Robertson, Chris; Boyle, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0959-8049(00)00022-8

Cited by 324 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…2 A meta-analysis of 14 case-control and 3 cohort studies reported that breast cancer risk was reduced by 25% for vegetables (relative risk [RR], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.85) and by 6% for fruits (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.79-1.11) for comparisons of high vs low consumption. 3 Besides the 2 main groups, total fruits and total vegetables, associations for specific food groups or individual foods have been reported sporadically and the associations that have been reported may be subject to publication bias. To gain a better understanding of how total and specific fruit and vegetable intakes are associated with breast cancer risk, we examined these relationships in the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer (referred to as the Pooling Project) that was established to evaluate associations between dietary factors and cancer risk using a standardized approach.…”

Section: T He Association Between Fruitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Risk of Breast Cancer

Smith‐Warner

Spiegelman

Yaun

et al. 2001

JAMA

410

161

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HE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FRUITand vegetable consumption and breast cancer risk has been examined in more than 25 case-control studies, but relatively few cohort studies.1 A recent summary of 19 case-control and 3 cohort studies concluded that elevated fruit and vegetable consumption probably reduces breast cancer risk. Approximately half of the reported associations for all types of fruit and vegetable groups combined showed at least a 25% reduction in breast cancer risk, whereas few associations showed more than a 50% elevation in risk.2 A meta-analysis of 14 case-control and 3 cohort studies reported that breast cancer risk was reduced by 25% for vegetables (relative risk [RR], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.85) and by 6% for fruits (RR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.79-1.11) for comparisons of high vs low consumption. 3Besides the 2 main groups, total fruits and total vegetables, associations for specific food groups or individual foods have been reported sporadically and the associations that have been reported may be subject to publication bias. To gain a better understanding of how total and specific fruit and vegetable Context Some epidemiologic studies suggest that elevated fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. However, most have been case-control studies in which recall and selection bias may influence the results. Additionally, publication bias may have influenced the literature on associations for specific fruit and vegetable subgroups.Objective To examine the association between breast cancer and total and specific fruit and vegetable group intakes using standardized exposure definitions.Data Sources/Study Selection Eight prospective studies that had at least 200 incident breast cancer cases, assessed usual dietary intake, and completed a validation study of the diet assessment method or a closely related instrument were included in these analyses. Data ExtractionUsing the primary data from each of the studies, we calculated study-specific relative risks (RRs) that were combined using a random-effects model. Data SynthesisThe studies included 7377 incident invasive breast cancer cases occurring among 351 825 women whose diet was analyzed at baseline. For comparisons of the highest vs lowest quartiles of intake, weak, nonsignificant associations were observed for total fruits (pooled multivariate RR, 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86-1.00; P for trend = .08), total vegetables (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.89-1.04; P for trend = .54), and total fruits and vegetables (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.86-1.00; P for trend=.12). No additional benefit was apparent in comparisons of the highest and lowest deciles of intake. No associations were observed for green leafy vegetables, 8 botanical groups, and 17 specific fruits and vegetables. ConclusionThese results suggest that fruit and vegetable consumption during adulthood is not significantly associated with reduced breast cancer risk.

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Section: T He Association Between Fruitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Risk of Breast Cancer

Smith‐Warner

Spiegelman

Yaun

et al. 2001

JAMA

410

161

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“…Many studies show a connection between diet and breast cancer, with cancer incidence inversely correlated with consumption of fruit and vegetables [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Consumption of cabbage, in particular, may play an important role in decreasing the cancer risk [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indole-3-carbinol-induced modulation of NF-κB signalling is breast cancer cell-specific and does not correlate with cell death

Moiseeva

Heukers

2007

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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“…In Japan, the incidence of breast cancer has continuously and rapidly increased over the last three decades, and breast cancer is currently the most common cancer affecting females, as in Western countries (3) . Diet is a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer, and several single foods and nutrients have been examined in association with breast cancer risk, including vegetables, fibre and vitamins (4)(5)(6) . However, results from studies on individual foods and nutrients may be inconsistent because these cannot account for the complex interactions that occur between the various nutrients and other components of different foods (7,8) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Dietary pattern and breast cancer risk in Japanese women: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study)

et al. 2016

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Evidence that diet is associated with breast cancer risk is inconsistent. Most of the studies have focused on risks associated with specific foods and nutrients, rather than overall diet. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and breast cancer risk in Japanese women. A total of 49 552 Japanese women were followed-up from 1995 to 1998 (5-year follow-up survey) until the end of 2012 for an average of 14·6 years. During 725 534 person-years of follow-up, 718 cases of breast cancer were identified. We identified three dietary patterns (prudent, westernised and traditional Japanese). The westernised dietary pattern was associated with a 32 % increase in breast cancer risk (hazard ratios (HR) 1·32; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·70; P trend = 0·04). In particular, subjects with extreme intake of the westernised diet (quintile (Q) Q5_5th) had an 83 % increase in risk of breast cancer in contrast to those in the lowest Q1 (HR 1·83; 95 % CI 1·25, 2·68; P trend = 0·01). In analyses stratified by menopausal status, postmenopausal subjects in the highest quintile of the westernised dietary pattern had a 29 % increased risk of breast cancer (HR 1·29; 95 % CI 0·99, 1·76; P trend = 0·04). With regard to hormone receptor status, the westernised dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of oestrogen receptor-positive/progesterone receptor-positive tumours (HR 2·49; 95 % CI 1·40, 4·43; P trend < 0·01). The other dietary patterns were not associated with the risk of breast cancer in Japanese women. A westernised dietary pattern is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in Japanese women.

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Meta-analysis of studies on breast cancer risk and diet

Cited by 324 publications

References 60 publications

Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Risk of Breast Cancer

Intake of Fruits and Vegetables and Risk of Breast Cancer

Indole-3-carbinol-induced modulation of NF-κB signalling is breast cancer cell-specific and does not correlate with cell death

Dietary pattern and breast cancer risk in Japanese women: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study)

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