Meta-analysis of Prevalence of Subclinical and Clinical Mastitis, Major Mastitis Pathogens in Dairy Cattle in India

Krishnamoorthy, P.; Kp, Suresh; Saha, S.; Govindaraj, G.; Br, Shome; Roy, Polly

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.603.141

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In India, the prevalences of S, St, and Ec were reported to be 41%, 18%, and 15%, respectively, and the major mastitis pathogen was the S species (similar to the rest of the world). A previous study on major mastitis pathogen prevalences in dairy cattle in India reported 45%, 13%, and 14% for S, St, and Ec, respectively, based on a meta-analysis of studies from the limited period of 2005-2016 [6]; this was corroborated by the present study, which included studies reported during 1995-2019. The findings from the present study were in agreement with the previous reports that indicated the S species as a major mastitis pathogen of subclinical mastitis in cows [31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

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An Understanding of the Global Status of Major Bacterial Pathogens of Milk Concerning Bovine Mastitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Scientometrics)

et al. 2021

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In this study, the major mastitis pathogen prevalence in the cattle and buffalo of the world was estimated by a meta-analysis. Staphylococcus (S) species, Streptococcus (St) species, and Escherichia coli (Ec) prevalence studies reported during 1979–2019 were collected using online databases, and offline resources. A meta-analysis of these data was done with the meta package in R-Software. The Staphylococcus aureus was the major mastitis pathogen, mostly causing subclinical mastitis, Ec causing clinical mastitis and St causing subclinical and clinical mastitis. The pooled prevalence estimates of S, St, and Ec were 28%, 12%, and 11% in the world from 156, 129, and 92 studies, respectively. The S, St, and Ec prevalences were high in Latin America (51%), Oceania (25%), and Oceania (28%), respectively. Higher S, St, and Ec prevalences were observed by molecular methods, signifying high sensitivity and usefulness for future studies. Among bacterial species, S. aureus (25%) followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (20%), Escherichia coli (11%), St. agalactiae (9%), St. uberis (9%) were the important pathogens present in the milk of the world. We hypothesize that there is a urgent need to reduce mastitis pathogen prevalence by ensuring scientific farm management practices, proper feeding, therapeutic interventions to augment profits in dairying, and improving animal and human health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…A meta-analysis is an innovative tool for estimating the prevalence of various livestock diseases [5]. Lately, livestock disease prevalence estimates have been reported for subclinical and clinical mastitis, major mastitis pathogens in India [6], anaplasmosis in the world [7], and Staphylococcus aureus with…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Understanding of the Global Status of Major Bacterial Pathogens of Milk Concerning Bovine Mastitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Scientometrics)

et al. 2021

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“…Bovine mastitis is an economically most dangerous disease impacting the livestock industry with a pooled prevalence rate of 41% (sub-clinical mastitis) and 27% (clinical mastitis) from India (Krishnamoorthy et al, 2017). A total loss of 7165.51 crore rupees was estimated due to mastitis in India (Bansal and Gupta, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total loss of 7165.51 crore rupees was estimated due to mastitis in India (Bansal and Gupta, 2009). A recently published meta-analysis report from India for the period of 2005–2016 indicates Staphylococcus sp (45%) to be most predominant mastitis pathogen followed by E. coli (14%) and Streptococcus sp (13%) (Krishnamoorthy et al, 2017). MRSA have been widely studied in India whereas reports of CoNS are limited, however, they have emerged as predominant pathogen now across the world (Pyörälä and Taponen, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Variable Traits among the Methicillin Resistant and Sensitive Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in Milk Samples from Mastitic Cows in India

et al. 2017

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Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus causing bovine mastitis has been very well investigated worldwide. However, there are only limited reports on the characterization of methicillin resistant and sensitive coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) across the globe. Hence, in the present study, we aim to determine the phenotypic traits based on antimicrobial susceptibility profile and genotypic characterization by verifying the presence of resistance determinants, virulence and toxin genes present in the CoNS causing clinical mastitis. We obtained 62 CoNS isolates from 167 mastitic milk samples collected from three different states of India. The 62 isolates comprises of 10 different CoNS species S. sciuri, S. haemolyticus, S. chromogenes, S. saprophyticus, S. xylosus, S. simulans, S. agnetis, S. epidermidis, S. gallinarum, and S. cohinii. Susceptibility screening against 11 antibiotics determined 45.16% isolates as multidrug resistant (resistant to more than two class of antibiotic), 46.74% resistant (one or two antibiotic class) and 8.06% isolates were pan-sensitive (sensitive to all drugs). High resistance was observed against oxacillin and cefoxitin, whereas all isolates were susceptible toward vancomycin and linezolid. Fifty three isolates were methicillin resistant and 9 isolates were sensitive as determined by oxacillin susceptibility assay. The methicillin resistance gene, mecA was found in 95.16% isolates and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing predominantly revealed Type III (n = 34) and Type V (n = 18). Interestingly, 11.9% of mecA positive isolates were oxacillin susceptible and referred as oxacillin susceptible mecA positive staphylococci (OS-MRS). Additionally, genes encoding for enterotoxin, (sea, seb, seh, see) toxic shock syndrome (tsst), exfoliatin (eta, etb, etd) and virulence (pvl, Y-hlg) were also screened. Of all the genes examined, 67.74% of isolate were positive for the Y-hlg gene, followed by the sea gene in 25.8% whereas in none of the isolates the eta and the etb gene was amplified. The study also highlights the incidence of clinical isolates of CoNS, which are harboring the toxin and the virulence genes rendering them as a more potential threat. This is the first report of animal origin OS-MRS from India, which emphasizes on the inclusion of both the genetic and phenotypic test for proper characterization of CoNS and preventing resistant strain misidentification.

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Functional evaluation of a monotreme-specific antimicrobial protein, EchAMP, against experimentally induced mastitis in transgenic mice

et al. 2019

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Meta-analysis of Prevalence of Subclinical and Clinical Mastitis, Major Mastitis Pathogens in Dairy Cattle in India

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

An Understanding of the Global Status of Major Bacterial Pathogens of Milk Concerning Bovine Mastitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Scientometrics)

An Understanding of the Global Status of Major Bacterial Pathogens of Milk Concerning Bovine Mastitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Scientometrics)

Identification of Variable Traits among the Methicillin Resistant and Sensitive Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in Milk Samples from Mastitic Cows in India

Functional evaluation of a monotreme-specific antimicrobial protein, EchAMP, against experimentally induced mastitis in transgenic mice

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