Meta-analysis of mould and dampness exposure on asthma and allergy in eight European birth cohorts: an ENRIECO initiative

Tischer, Christina; Hohmann, Cynthia; Thiering, Elisabeth; Herbarth, Olf; Müller, Andrea; Henderson, John; Granell, Raquel; Fantini, Maria Pia; Luciano, Luigia; Bergström, Anna; Kull, Inger; Link, Elke; Berg, Andrea von; Kuehni, Claudia E.; Strippoli, Marie‐Pierre F.; Gehring, Ulrike; Wijga, Alet H.; Eller, Esben; Bindslev‐Jensen, Carsten; Keil, Thomas; Heinrich, Joachim

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02712.x

Cited by 146 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…12,28 These studies pointed to an effect of SES on ethnic differences in lung function, but were limited in that the available data were cross-sectional, and recruitment was based in schools rather than being from a random sample of the population. 12,28 In a population-based birth cohort, which includes a large proportion of South Asian children and detailed data on environmental exposures throughout childhood, [29][30][31][32] we therefore compared lung function between UK-born white children and UK-born South Asian children. In addition, we assessed whether any differences in lung function between these groups were explained by cultural, socioeconomic, or perinatal factors; by differences in environmental exposures; or by a personal and family history of wheeze.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of Ethnic Differences in Childhood Spirometry

et al. 2013

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:There are ethnic differences in lung function, with white people generally having higher values of FVC and FEV 1 than people of South Asian origin, whereas differences in forced expiratory flows are absent or less marked. The underlying reasons are unknown.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Lung function differences were not explained by cultural, socioeconomic, or perinatal factors, nor by environmental exposures or wheezing illness. This suggests that genetic factors are responsible, and supports the use of ethnicityspecific prediction equations for children of South Asian origin. abstract OBJECTIVES: Age-and height-adjusted spirometric lung function of South Asian children is lower than those of white children. It is unclear whether this is purely genetic, or partly explained by the environment. In this study, we assessed whether cultural factors, socioeconomic status, intrauterine growth, environmental exposures, or a family and personal history of wheeze contribute to explaining the ethnic differences in spirometric lung function. METHODS:We studied children aged 9 to 14 years from a populationbased cohort, including 1088 white children and 275 UK-born South Asians. Log-transformed spirometric data were analyzed using multiple linear regressions, adjusting for anthropometric factors. Five different additional models adjusted for (1) cultural factors, (2) indicators of socioeconomic status, (3) perinatal data reflecting intrauterine growth, (4) environmental exposures, and (5) personal and family history of wheeze.RESULTS: Height-and gender-adjusted forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expired volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) were lower in South Asian than white children (relative difference -11% and -9% respectively, P , .001), but PEF and FEF 50 were similar (P $ .5). FEV 1 /FVC was higher in South Asians (1.8%, P , .001). These differences remained largely unchanged in all 5 alternative models. CONCLUSIONS:Our study confirmed important differences in lung volumes between South Asian and white children. These were not attenuated after adjustment for cultural and socioeconomic factors and intrauterine growth, neither were they explained by differences in environmental exposures nor a personal or family history of wheeze. This suggests that differences in lung function may be mainly genetic in origin. The implication is that ethnicity-specific predicted values remain important specifically for South Asian children. Pediatrics 2013;131:e1842-e1849

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of Ethnic Differences in Childhood Spirometry

et al. 2013

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“…The independent role of prenatal and postnatal exposure to active and passive smoking on the development of early wheeze in children Vardavas CI (1,2) , Hohmann C (3,4) , Patelarou E (1,5) , Martinez D (6,7,8) , Henderson AJ (9) , Granell R (9) , Sunyer J (6,7,8,10) , Torrent M (6,11) , Fantini MP (12) , Gori D (12) , AnnesiMaesano I (13,14) , Slama R (15) , Duijts L (16) , de Jongste JC (17) , Aurrekoetxea JJ (18,19,20) , Basterrechea M (7,19,20) , Morales E (6,7,21) , Ballester F (7,22) , Murcia M (7,22) , Thijs C (23) , Mommers M (23) , Kuehni CE (24) , Gaillard EA (25) , Tischer C (26) , Heinrich J (26,27,) , Pizzi C…”

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confidence: 99%

The independent role of prenatal and postnatal exposure to active and passive smoking on the development of early wheeze in children

et al. 2016

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Maternal smoking during pregnancy increases childhood asthma risk, but health effects in children of nonsmoking mothers passively exposed to tobacco smoke during pregnancy are unclear. We examined the association of maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and wheeze in children aged ≤2 years.Individual data of 27 993 mother–child pairs from 15 European birth cohorts were combined in pooled analyses taking into consideration potential confounders.Children with maternal exposure to passive smoking during pregnancy and no other smoking exposure were more likely to develop wheeze up to the age of 2 years (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.20) compared with unexposed children. Risk of wheeze was further increased by children's postnatal passive smoke exposure in addition to their mothers' passive exposure during pregnancy (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.19–1.40) and highest in children with both sources of passive exposure and mothers who smoked actively during pregnancy (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.59–1.88). Risk of wheeze associated with tobacco smoke exposure was higher in children with an allergic versus nonallergic family history.Maternal passive smoking exposure during pregnancy is an independent risk factor for wheeze in children up to the age of 2 years. Pregnant females should avoid active and passive exposure to tobacco smoke for the benefit of their children's health.

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“…Molds are ubiquitous in our environment and are common allergens in allergic diseases. Mold spores can be found in outdoor or indoor environments, but exposure can also occur by having contact with saprophytic species or by ingestion of edible mushrooms (8)(9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Fungal Allergens in Respiratory Allergic Patients in Ahvaz City, Southwest Iran

Shakurnia

Assarehzadegan

Amini³

et al. 2013

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Fungi are ubiquitous in our environment and they are one of the important causes of allergic diseases. Identification of the most common aeroallergens to which patients are sensitized in a specific area is important in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin reactivity to common fungal allergens and total IgE in patients with allergic rhinitis in Ahvaz city. Patients and Methods:In this cross sectional study, 295 volunteers with the signs and symptoms of allergic diseases who referred to the Khuzestan Jahad Daneshgahi Medical Center in Ahvaz during 2010 were investigated. All patients were subjected to skin prick test (SPT) with common allergenic extracts. Data were analyzed by SPSS-18 software using Chi square test. Results: Seventy subjects, comprising 23.7% of the study group had positive skin test to at least one of the fungal allergens. The prevalence rate of sensitivity to fungal allergens was as follow: Cephalosporin 11.5%; mold mix 9.8%; Penicillium mix 9.5%; Alternaria mix 8.1%; and Aspergillus 5.1%. Mean total IgE in patients with SPT was significantly higher than in patients without any positive skin prick test (251 vs. 125 IU/mL, P = 0.001). There was no statistical difference in the prevalence of sensitization to these allergens between two sexes; whereas, 15-35 age groups had significantly higher rates of allergy to fungal allergens (P = 0.047). Conclusions: Fungal sensitization is a relatively common finding among patients with allergic rhinitis. Elimination or reduction of mold exposure in allergic patients is of special consideration and measures to reduce environmental factors which facilitate mold growth and proliferation are very important.

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Meta-analysis of mould and dampness exposure on asthma and allergy in eight European birth cohorts: an ENRIECO initiative

Abstract: These findings suggest that a mouldy home environment in early life is associated with an increased risk of asthma particularly in young children and allergic rhinitis symptoms in school-age children.

Cited by 146 publications

References 38 publications

Etiology of Ethnic Differences in Childhood Spirometry

Etiology of Ethnic Differences in Childhood Spirometry

The independent role of prenatal and postnatal exposure to active and passive smoking on the development of early wheeze in children

Prevalence of Fungal Allergens in Respiratory Allergic Patients in Ahvaz City, Southwest Iran

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