Meta-Analysis of Factors Affecting C-N Fractions and Yield of Paddy Soils by Total Straw Return and N Fertilizer Application

Zhang, Liqiang; Wang, Yunlong; Lou, Zixi; Hsu, Lefei; Chen, Di; Piao, Renzhe; Zhao, Hongyan; Cui, Zongjun

doi:10.3390/agronomy12123168

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…One common practice in agricultural production worldwide is the return of straw to the soil, which significantly enhances the soil environment, soil fertility, and, consequently, crop yields [5]. Numerous studies have demonstrated the positive impact of returning straw on soil fertility, soil structure, water retention, and the soil microbial environment, ultimately leading to increase crop yields [6][7][8][9][10]. Studies by Wang et al have shown that the combined application of nitrogen fertilizer and straw returning improved soil nutrient status, cotton canopy photosynthetic capacity, seed cotton yield, and nitrogen utilization efficiency [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straw Returning Measures Enhance Soil Moisture and Nutrients and Promote Cotton Growth

Tang

Luo

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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In order to investigate the comprehensive effects of straw returning on soil physical and chemical properties, as well as cotton growth in Jiangsu, China, and to determine suitable high-yield and efficient straw returning measures, this study implemented three different straw returning methods: straw mulching (SM), straw incorporation (SI), and straw biochar (BC), with no straw returning served as a control (CT). The study aimed to assess the impact of these straw-returning measures on soil nutrients, soil moisture content, soil water storage, and deficit status, as well as primary indicators of cotton growth. The findings revealed that the total available nutrient storage under SM, SI, and BC showed an increase of 11.93%, 11.15%, and 32.39%, respectively, compared to CT. Among these methods, BC demonstrated a significant enhancement in soil organic carbon content, available phosphorus, and available potassium. Furthermore, SM exhibited a considerable increase in soil moisture content across all layers (0–40 cm), resulting in an average water storage increase of 7.42 mm compared to CT. Consequently, this effectively reduced the soil water deficit during the cotton development period. Moreover, the height of cotton plants was increased by SM, SI, and BC, with SM promoting the greatest growth rate of up to 66.87%. SM resulted in an 11.17 cm increase in cotton plant height compared to CT. Additionally, SM contributed to higher chlorophyll content in leaves at the end of the growth period. Overall, the indicators suggest that straw mulching is particularly effective in enhancing soil moisture and nutrient distribution, especially during dry years, and has a positive impact on promoting cotton development. Based on the results, straw mulching emerges as a recommended straw-returning measure for improving soil quality and maximizing cotton production in the study area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straw Returning Measures Enhance Soil Moisture and Nutrients and Promote Cotton Growth

Tang

Luo

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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“…In recent years, meta-analysis has been more and more widely used in the field of agronomy in China, and as a statistical tool of larger spatial and temporal scales, it continues to play a unique and important role [36][37][38]. Some scholars have used meta-analysis to unite several independent and relevant studies to analyze the general trend of the effects of drought stress on winter wheat [39,40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Drought Stress and Postdrought Rewatering on Winter Wheat: A Meta-Analysis

Wu,

Yang

2024

Agronomy

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Drought is a major stress that restricts the growth and development of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and recovery after drought is the key to coping with adversity. So, we used a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the responses of winter wheat to drought stress and rewatering and investigated the differences caused by several moderators (e.g., stress intensity, treatment durations, growth stages, planting methods, and experimental areas). The results show that drought can cause many negative effects on winter wheat. However, in most cases, rewatering can offset these adverse effects. Winter wheat under short-term or mild stress was less affected, and rewatering can restore it to the control level. Net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (gs) are sensitive to environmental water change. Drought reduced the quantum yield of electron transport (ΦPSII), with insignificant effects on the efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm). Additionally, the responses to drought and rewatering also varied with different growth stages. The regreening stage and the anthesis-filling stage are both critical water management periods. Rewatering after the jointing stage had no significant effect on leaf area (LA) and plant height (PH). The drought tolerance and recovery ability of field-grown wheat were better than those of pot-grown wheat. Winter wheat planted on the Loess Plateau was less affected than that on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and the Middle–Lower Yangtze Plain. Overall, different moderators may lead to different degrees of responsiveness of wheat to drought stress and postdrought rewatering. This study provides a reference for winter wheat to cope with drought stress and a useful guidance to wheat breeding programs.

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“…To address these issues, nitrogen fertilizer can be used to effectively regulate the C/N ratio after straw is returned to a field. This helps improve microbial activity ( Zhang et al, 2022 ; Surigaoge et al, 2023 ), promote straw decomposition, and provide sufficient nitrogen fertilizer for crops. Previous studies have primarily focused on the effect of common urea fertilizer on straw decomposition ( Liu et al, 2021 ; Mühlbachová et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimal combined slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea can enhance the decomposition rate of straw and the yield of maize by improving soil bacterial community and structure under full straw returning system

Yu,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Under a full straw returning system, the relationship between soil bacterial community diversity and straw decomposition, yield, and the combined application of slow-release nitrogen and urea remains unclear. To evaluate these effects and provide an effective strategy for sustainable agricultural production, a 2-year field positioning trial was conducted using maize as the research object. Six experimental treatments were set up: straw returning + no nitrogen fertilizer (S1N0), straw returning + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer:urea = 0:100% (S1N1), straw returning + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer:urea = 30%:70% (S1N2), straw returning + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer:urea = 60%:40% (S1N3), straw returning + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer:urea = 90%:10% (S1N4), and straw removal + slow-release nitrogen fertilizer:urea = 30%:70% (S0N2). Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between treatments for Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Myxococcota, and Actinobacteriota at the jointing stage; Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, Myxococcota, Bacteroidota, and Gemmatimonadota at the tasseling stage; and Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Myxococcota, Methylomirabilota, and Proteobacteria at the maturity stage. The alpha diversity analysis of the soil bacterial community showed that the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and the Chao1 index were higher in S1N2, S1N3, and S1N4 compared with S0N2 at each growth stage. Additionally, the alpha diversity measures were higher in S1N3 and S1N4 compared with S1N2. The beta diversity analysis of the soil bacterial community showed that the bacterial communities in S1N3 and S1N4 were more similar or closely clustered together, while S0N2 was further from all treatments across the three growth stages. The cumulative straw decomposition rate was tested for each treatment, and data showed that S1N3 (90.58%) had the highest decomposition rate. At the phylum level, straw decomposition was positively correlated with Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Myxococcota, and Bacteroidota but significantly negatively correlated with Acidobacteriota. PICRUSt2 function prediction results show that the relative abundance of bacteria in soil samples from each treatment differed significantly. The maize yield of S1N3 was 15597.85 ± 1477.17 kg/hm2, which was 12.80 and 4.18% higher than that of S1N1 and S0N2, respectively. In conclusion, a combination of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea can enhance the straw decomposition rate and maize yield by improving the soil bacterial community and structure within a full straw returning system.

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Meta-Analysis of Factors Affecting C-N Fractions and Yield of Paddy Soils by Total Straw Return and N Fertilizer Application

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Straw Returning Measures Enhance Soil Moisture and Nutrients and Promote Cotton Growth

Straw Returning Measures Enhance Soil Moisture and Nutrients and Promote Cotton Growth

Effects of Drought Stress and Postdrought Rewatering on Winter Wheat: A Meta-Analysis

An optimal combined slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea can enhance the decomposition rate of straw and the yield of maize by improving soil bacterial community and structure under full straw returning system

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