Meta-análisis de la eficacia de intervenciones psicológicas en menores refugiados

Abstract

Background/objective: Refugees are a population that is particularly affected by violence. The exposure early violent in minors has negative consequences for their development and makes them more vulnerable to subsequent episodes of victimization in the future. As a result, several psychological interventions have been developed in order to protect the mental health of these young refugees and prevent them from developing extra vulnerabilities for their future life. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effectiveness of these interventions, as well as the effects of the type of intervention (moderator). Method: 22 original studies analyzing the effect of psychological intervention on the trauma (anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder) were selected, obtaining a total of 39 effect sizes. A metaanalysis of effect sizes (d) was executed, weighting by inverse variance and assuming a fixed-effects model. Results: The psychological intervention proved to be clinically significant with the same effect size magnitude in the health markers of trauma: treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (d = 0.96, IC 95%[0.60, 1.32]), depression (d = 0.74, IC 95%[0.31, 1.17]), and anxiety (d = 0.57, IC 95%[0.29, 0.86]). Regarding the type of intervention, we found homogenous results in relation to anxiety (all interventions are equally effective). There were inter-study heterogeneity in relation to depression, although the type of intervention did not affect effect size. In relation to post-traumatic stress disorder, the Trauma Systems Therapy did not lead to a significant improvement. Conclusions: The intervention in refugee minors is, in general, effective for trauma markers. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to establish what interventions are the most effective to restore the mental health of these minors. RESUMENAntecedes/objetivo: Las personas refugiadas constituyen un grupo de población especialmente afectado por la violencia. Esta exposición temprana violenta en los menores tiene consecuencias adversas en el desarrollo, aumentando la probabilidad de sufrir nuevos episodios de victimización en el futuro. Ante esta situación, se han desarrollado diferentes intervenciones psicológicas con el fin de proteger la salud mental de los menores y evitar que sus experiencias traumáticas les confieran una vulnerabilidad añadida. Este meta-análisis se propuso investigar la eficacia de estas intervenciones, así como los efectos del tipo de intervención (moderador). Método: Un total de 22 estudios primarios que estudiaron el efecto de la intervención psicológica en el trauma (ansiedad, depresión y trastorno de estrés postraumático) fueron seleccionados, obteniendo un total de 39 tamaños del efecto. Se ejecutó un meta-análisis de los tamaños del efecto (d) ponderando por la inversa de la varianza y asumiendo un modelo de efectos fijos. Resultados: La intervención psicológica resultó clínicamente significativa y con una magnitud igual del efecto en los marcadores de salud del trauma: el tratamiento del estrés p...

Leadership Style Affects Nursing Quality Improvement: Meta-Analysis Study

“…The approach used to obtain information on the magnitude of the effect size or summary effect is a meta-analysis study. (22) The meta-analysis approach uses statistics to analyze quantitative data to obtain effect size and summary effect size. Using meta-analysis obtained more convincing and effective information.…”