MET 44: A Weakly Enriched Sea-Water Medium for Ecological Studies on Marine Plankton Algae, and Some Examples of Its Application

Schöne, H. K.; Schöne, A.

doi:10.1515/botm.1982.25.3.117

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The final nutrient concentrations of the modified f /20 medium were 58 µM NO 3 and 3.6 µM PO 4 , which gave the Redfield atomic N:P ratio of 16:1. Vitamins were added according to the MET 44 medium (Schöne & Schöne 1982), modified to a final concentration of 0.5, 0.5 and 0.1 µg l -1 of vitamins B 12 , biotin and thiamin, respectively. Trace metals were added in 1/10 of the L1 medium (Andersen et al 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemolytic activity and allelopathy of the haptophyte Prymnesium parvum in nutrient-limited and balanced growth conditions

Uronen¹,

Lehtinen²,

Legrand³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemolytic activity and allelopathy of the haptophyte Prymnesium parvum in nutrient-limited and balanced growth conditions

Uronen¹,

Lehtinen²,

Legrand³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…baltica were grown in autoclaved aged coastal seawater (7 ‰) with f/10 enrichment (Guillard & Ryther 1962). Vitamins (B12, biotin and thiamine) were added following the method of Schöne & Schöne (1982). Cultures of E. affinis were grown in autoclaved seawater (7 ‰) enriched with EDTA, in polystyrene culture bottles (50 ml, Nunclon), to which R. cf.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the toxic haptophyte Prymnesium parvum on the survival and feeding of a ciliate: the influence of different nutrient conditions

Granéli¹,

Johansson²

2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We studied the growth and feeding response of the ciliate Euplotes affinis when exposed to algal cultures of Prymnesium parvum and Rhodomonas cf. baltica as monocultures or as mixtures. Cultures of P. parvum grown under nutrient-limited (N or P) or nutrient-sufficient conditions were tested for toxicity against E. affinis. Ciliates grew well when fed R. cf. baltica, but avoided grazing on monocultures of P. parvum, regardless of algal concentration. Increasing abundances of P. parvum decreased survival of the ciliate, even if supplied as a mixture together with high concentrations of R. cf. baltica as an alternative prey. This implies that P. parvum produces substances that were fatal to the ciliate when released to the medium. The lethal effect of P. parvum was dependent on the physiological status of the cells, with the highest toxicity in nutrient-stressed cultures. Our results suggest that toxin production in P. parvum may be a chemical defense to repel predators.

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“…The diatoms ranged in size from T. weissfloggii ( l 2 X 20 pm) to S. palrneriana (100-120 X 50 pm) (see Table 1). The enrichment medium for all experiments was MET 44 (Schone & Schone 1982), consisting of 40 pM NaN03, 2.58 pM NaHP04, 35.7 pM Na2Si03, 2.16 pM Na2EDTA, 0.215 pM FeSO,,, 0.073 pM MnC12, and 0.5 pg 1-I each of vitamin Bt2, biotin, and thiamine added to Sargasso seawater that had been filtered through glass fiber filters (Whatman GF/F). After the chemical additions, the seawater medium was pasteurized at 90°C for 2 h in polycarbonate bottles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic carbon availability and the growth of large marine diatoms

Goldman¹

1999

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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To address the question of whether free CO2 can be a growth-limiting nutrient in oceanic waters 3 large marine diatoms, Stephanopyxis palmeriana (Greville) Grunow, Ditylum brightwellij (T. West) Grunow in Van Heurck 1883, and Coscinodiscus sp., were grown in pH-drift experiments under batch culture conditions. The cultures were maintained under quiescent conditions without added buffer in the growth medium, allowing the pH to rise and the free CO2 concentration to fall as growth proceeded. Growth rates were constant for sustained periods and only decreased as the pH rose to as high as 8.5-8.6 and the free CO2 concentration fell to -4 1.1mol l-' Such a low free CO2 concentration is far below the expected half saturation coefficient for ribulose biphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RUBISCO) and suggests that these species were capable of utilizing HC03-in some fashion so as not to allow free CO2 to become growth-limiting. Additional experiments were conducted with these and other diatoms to demonstrate that turbulent mixing at high pH levels had no effect on inorganic carbon uptake or growth rate and that HCO, uptake probably was occurring. Turbulent mixing should have enhanced inorganic carbon uptake by lowering diffusion gradients had these species been obligate users of free COz. These species, being the most susceptible to diffusion-controlled uptake of free COz because of their long diffusion paths, represent the worst case scenario for free CO2 limitation. Finally, by developing a chemical-biological model it was possible to show that, in order for the pH of marine waters to rise even several tenths above ambient levels, biomass concentrations must increase to levels that are never found, except poss~bly on occasion in estuarine or coastal waters. Thus ~t seems unlikely that free CO2 limits phytoplankton growth in the oceans.

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MET 44: A Weakly Enriched Sea-Water Medium for Ecological Studies on Marine Plankton Algae, and Some Examples of Its Application

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

Haemolytic activity and allelopathy of the haptophyte Prymnesium parvum in nutrient-limited and balanced growth conditions

Haemolytic activity and allelopathy of the haptophyte Prymnesium parvum in nutrient-limited and balanced growth conditions

Effects of the toxic haptophyte Prymnesium parvum on the survival and feeding of a ciliate: the influence of different nutrient conditions

Inorganic carbon availability and the growth of large marine diatoms

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