Message Queuing Telemetry Transport Communication Infrastructure for Grid-Connected AC Microgrids Management

Abstract

In a context with an increasing number of non-traditional power sources, smart inverters function as the main interfaces between distributed energy resources (DERs) and the power bus. This role is even more prominent in microgrids (MGs), where numerous DERs must be controlled and coordinated. For this aim, MGs need to implement suitable communication links since, even in distributed control, the system must compensate voltage and frequency deviations caused by local controllers. Likewise, a communication system is required to optimize its operation. This paper aims to apply the technological advances brought by the Internet of Things (IoT) to the issue of communication within an MG. The work proposes a wireless communication architecture based on the message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol, accompanied by a set of requirements and specifications to establish a multi-directional information flow between DERs in an MG, and potential energy management system (EMS) or secondary controllers. A laboratory-scale testbed was implemented to demonstrate the operation of an EMS in the proposed architecture. The experimental results showed how current control structures seamlessly integrate with the proposed communication system. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that communication latencies or failures did not comprise the stability of the MG, but only decreased the optimality of the EMS control strategy.

Low-cost real-time internet of things-based monitoring system for power grid transformers

“…After we construct a private channel, where each parameter represents a channel field, all of the collected data is shown in real time in a ThingSpeak platform interface. message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) is the communication protocol utilized between the collecting system and ThingSpeak [25]. The collected information is processed and graphical representations are created in the ThingSpeak interface.…”

The Use of the MQTT Protocol in Measurement, Monitoring and Control Systems as Part of the Implementation of Energy Management Systems

“…The MQTT protocol is currently particularly applicable due to fast and reliable data exchange as well as communication encryption and security mechanisms [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. In the article [11], the authors proposed a communication platform for a Multi-Microgrid (MMG) energy management system using a combination of communication protocols in a hierarchical architecture.…”

“…In the work [15], MQTT was used in facilitating the over-the-air (OTA) updating mechanism in many IoT platforms. An analysis of the technological progress brought by the Internet of Things (IoT) in terms of communication in the Ministry of Economy was written in [16]. The paper proposes a wireless communication architecture based on the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport Protocol (MQTT) and shows how the current control structures of the potential energy management system seamlessly integrate with the proposed communication based on the MQTT protocol.…”

LoRa Enabled Smart Inverters for Microgrid Scenarios with Widespread Elements

“…In MGs, a communication (cyber) system must be operating in parallel with the electrical structure [62]. This concept is illustrated in Figure 4, and similarities can be observed with the smart grid architecture model (SGAM) which provides a five-layer interoperability architecture for smart grids [63,64].…”