Message in a Biota: Gut Microbes Signal to the Circadian Clock

Marcinkevicius, Emily; Shirasu-Hiza, Mimi

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.013

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…[33,34] In recent years, accumulating evidence supports a role of GM in regulating body weight. [35][36][37] The present study demonstrates for the first time that phytochemical-rich extract of the microalga, Nitzschia laevis could effectively prevent HFD-induced weight gain and lipid accumulation in adipocytes of mice probably by modulating the profile of GM and preserving the functional pathways in GM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Extract of the Microalga Nitzschia laevis Prevents High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obesity in Mice by Modulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota

Guo

Liu

Wei

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Scope The aim of the present study is to investigate the efficacy of Nitzschia laevis extract (NLE) in preventing obesity in mice fed with a high‐fat diet (HFD), and the potential underlying mechanisms focusing on modulation of the gut microbiota profile. Methods and results Physiological, histological, and biochemical parameters and gut microbiota compositions are compared among four experimental groups fed respectively with the following diets for 8 weeks: Normal chow diet, HFD, HFD + low concentration of NLE, and HFD + high concentration of NLE. The results demonstrate that NLE supplementation significantly reduces body weight gain and effectively prevents lipid accumulation in the white adipose tissue and liver of the mice. Mechanistic analysis reveals that NLE promotes the expression of uncoupling protein 1 and peroxisome proliferators‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1 mRNA in brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, NLE protects the gut epithelium and positively reshapes the gut microbiota composition against the damaging effect of HFD. Conclusions NLE supplementation demonstrates a protective effect against HFD‐induced obesity in mice, which is associated with reshaping the profile of gut microbiota. To the best of our knowledge, this has been the first report on the potential of microalgal extract to prevent obesity by modulating gut microbiota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Extract of the Microalga Nitzschia laevis Prevents High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obesity in Mice by Modulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota

Guo

Liu

Wei

et al. 2018

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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“…Accumulating experimental evidence has suggested that the human gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in the metabolic capacity for processing nutrients and host health [30][31][32]. Recent research indicates the possibility that in attenuating MS effects of virgin olive oil the modulation of intestinal microbiota could be involved in [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Oleic Acid Peanut Oil and Extra Virgin Olive Oil Supplementation Attenuate Metabolic Syndrome in Rats by Modulating the Gut Microbiota

et al. 2019

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Unhealthy dietary patterns are important risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MS), which is associated with gut microbiota disorder. High oleic acid peanut oil (HOPO) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), considered as healthy dietary oil, are rich in oleic acid and bioactive phytochemicals, yet efficacy of MS prevention and mechanisms linking to gut microbiota remain obscure. Herein, we investigated HOPO and EVOO supplementation in attenuating diet-induced MS, and the potential mechanisms focusing on modulation of gut microbiota. Physiological, histological and biochemical parameters and gut microbiota profiles were compared among four groups fed respectively with the following diets for 12 weeks: normal chow diet with ordinary drinking water, high-fat diet with fructose drinking water, HOPO diet with fructose drinking water, and EVOO diet with fructose drinking water. HOPO or EVOO supplementation exhibit significant lower body weight gain, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and reduced liver steatosis. HOPO significantly reduced cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level, while EVOO reduced these levels without significant difference. HOPO and EVOO prevented gut disorder and significantly increased β-diversity and abundance of Bifidobacterium. Moreover, HOPO significantly decreased abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Blautia. These findings suggest that both HOPO and EVOO can attenuate diet-induced MS, associated with modulating gut microbiota.

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“…14 In turn, such changes in gut microbiota provide important signals to the circadian pacemakers that may modify circadian rhythm in what appears to be a closely interdependent relationship. 15,16 Furthermore, experiments leading to circadian clock misalignment are fraught with changes in gut microbiota that also translate into well-established metabolic derangements. 17,18 However, no overt changes in the richness or composition of the human or rat gut microbiome emerged as induced by sleep restriction.…”

Section: Circadian Rhythm Alterations and Sfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Apnea Morbidity

Farré

Gozal

2018

Chest

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OSA has emerged as a highly prevalent public health problem that imposes important mid- and long-term consequences, namely cardiovascular, metabolic, cognitive, and cancer-related alterations. OSA is characterized by increased upper airway resistance, alveolar hypoventilation, and recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep. Recurrent collapse of the upper airway develops with sleep onset and is associated with both intermittent hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation. The microbiome is a vast and complex polymicrobial ecosystem that coexists with the human organism, and it has been identified as playing significant roles in the development of host immunologic phenotypes. In humans and animal models, changes in gut microbial communities occur with lifestyle behaviors, such as smoking, long-distance travel, dietary preferences, physical exercise, and circadian rhythm disturbances. In parallel, diseases previously attributed in part to lifestyle such as obesity, coronary heart disease, depression, and asthma (also associated with OSA) are now claimed as microbiota related. We therefore posit that altered patterns of sleep and oxygenation, as seen in OSA, will promote specific alterations in gut microbiota that in turn will elicit the immunologic alterations that lead to OSA-induced end-organ morbidities. The present article assesses the potential mechanistic links between OSA-induced changes in gut microbiota and its morbid phenotypes.

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Message in a Biota: Gut Microbes Signal to the Circadian Clock

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Extract of the Microalga Nitzschia laevis Prevents High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obesity in Mice by Modulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota

Extract of the Microalga Nitzschia laevis Prevents High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obesity in Mice by Modulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota

High Oleic Acid Peanut Oil and Extra Virgin Olive Oil Supplementation Attenuate Metabolic Syndrome in Rats by Modulating the Gut Microbiota

Sleep Apnea Morbidity

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