“Message from a turtle”

Gavrilovici, Cristina; Panzaru, C.; Cozma, Sebastian; Mârţu, Cristian; Lupu, Vasile Valeriu; Ignat, Ancuța; Miron, Ingrith; Stârcea, Iuliana Magdalena

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000008455

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…may be high particularly regarding treatment, as human infections due to S. enterica subsp. arizonae can occur and have been described before ( Gavrilovici et al, 2017 ; Lakew et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Estimation of the Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Badgers (Meles meles) and Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Northern Ireland

O’Hagan¹,

Pascual-Linaza²,

Couzens

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria can be shared between humans and animals, through food, water, and the environment. Wild animals are not only potential reservoirs of AMR, but are also sentinels mirroring the presence of AMR zoonotic bacteria in the environment. In Northern Ireland, little is known about levels of AMR in bacteria in wildlife, thus the current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of AMR bacteria in wildlife using wildlife species from two ongoing surveys as a proxy. Nasopharyngeal swabs and faecal samples from European badgers (Meles meles) (146 faecal samples; 118 nasal samples) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) (321 faecal samples; 279 nasal samples) were collected throughout Northern Ireland and were used to survey for the presence of extended spectrum beta lactamase resistant and AmpC-type beta lactamases Escherichia coli (ESBL/AmpC), Salmonella spp. (only in badgers) and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). ESBLs were detected in 13 out of 146 badger faecal samples (8.90%) and 37 out of 321 of fox faecal samples (11.53%), all of them presenting multi-drug resistance (MDR). Fourteen out of 146 (9.59%) badger faecal samples carried Salmonella spp. [S. Agama (n = 9), S. Newport (n = 4) and S. enterica subsp. arizonae (n = 1)]. Overall, AMR was found only in the S. enterica subsp. arizonae isolate (1/14, 7.14%). No MRSA were detected in nasopharyngeal swabs from badgers (n = 118) and foxes (n = 279). This is the first attempt to explore the prevalence of AMR in the two common wildlife species in Northern Ireland. These findings are important as they can be used as a base line for further research exploring the origin of the found resistance. These results should encourage similar surveys where environmental samples are included to bring better understanding of AMR dynamics, and the impact on wildlife, domestic livestock and humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Estimation of the Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Badgers (Meles meles) and Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Northern Ireland

O’Hagan¹,

Pascual-Linaza²,

Couzens

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…However, more research is needed to properly determine the differences between the intestinal microbiota of exotic and domestic European species of reptiles. A number of publications have shown that RAS/REPAS could lead to serious infections, which can end up with septicemia, miscarriage or death [ 3 , 4 , 15 – 19 ]. That is why European reptiles should be screened.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloacal Gram-Negative Microbiota in Free-Living Grass Snake Natrix natrix from Poland

et al. 2020

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Reptiles appear to be an important vector for Gram-negative pathogens, therefore, they are epidemiologically relevant. However, the composition of reptilian microbiota has been poorly recognized so far. The majority of studies concern exotic reptiles as asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella serovars. Studies of other intestinal bacteria of reptiles are rare. Only recently, the microbiota of free-living European reptiles have been investigated, however, on the basis of small samples, mainly in protected areas. Here, we aim to investigate cloacal Gram-negative microbiota of free-living Natrix natrix. Snakes ( N = 45) used in the study were collected in Kraków (Poland) and its vicinity. Nineteen species of Gram-negative bacteria were isolated. The most common species were: Aeromonas hydrophila , Morganella morganii , Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella spp . The bacteria prevalent in N. natrix cloacal swabs are likely to represent the natural intestinal Gram-negative microbiota of the examined snakes. Importantly, the identified bacteria are pathogenic to humans, which clearly highlights the epidemiological potential of free-living N. natrix . The risk of infection is high for immunocompromised humans, children (under 5 years old), elderly persons, and pregnant women. Our study provides the largest dataset on intestinal Gram-negative microbiota of wild snakes. The presence of multiple human pathogens determined by us calls for the necessity of further studies on reptile-transmitted bacteria in anthropogenic environments. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00284-020-02021-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Considering reports from last 6 years and published by European scientists, reptile-associated salmonellosis with detection of the same Salmonella serovar in both patient's blood and reptile faeces was observed in Switzerland -2016 (years of publication) [90], UK (UK) -2015 [91], Romania -2017 [92], France -2015 [88,93] and Spain -2015 [88,89]. In Switzerland, the first case of reptile-associated sinusitis due to S. enterica subsp.…”

Section: Cases Of Reptile-associated Salmonellosis In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic potential and prevalence of Salmonella serovars isolated from pets

Dróżdż

Małaszczuk

Paluch

et al. 2021

Infection Ecology & Epidemiology

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Salmonellosis is a global health problem, affecting approximately 1.3 billion people annually. Most of these cases are related to food contamination. However, although the majority of Salmonella serovars are pathogenic to humans, animals can be asymptomatic carriers of these bacteria. Nowadays, a wide range of animals is present in human households as pets, including reptiles, amphibians, dogs, cats, ornamental birds, and rodents. Pets contaminate the environment of their owners by shedding the bacteria intermittently in their feaces. In consequence, theyare thought to cause salmonellosis through pet-to-human transmission.Each Salmonella serovar has a different zoonotic potential, which is strongly regulated by stress factors such as transportation, crowding, food deprivation, or temperature. In this review, we summarize the latest reports concerning Salmonella-prevalence and distribution in pets as well as the risk factors and means of prevention of human salmonellosis caused by contact with their pets. Our literature analysis (based on PubMed and Google Scholar databases) is limited to the distribution of Salmonella serovars found in commonly owned pet species. We collected the recent results of studies concerning testing for Salmonella spp. in biological samples, indicating their prevalence in pets, with regard to clinical cases of human salmonellosis.

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“Message from a turtle”

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Estimation of the Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Badgers (Meles meles) and Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Northern Ireland

Estimation of the Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Badgers (Meles meles) and Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Northern Ireland

Cloacal Gram-Negative Microbiota in Free-Living Grass Snake Natrix natrix from Poland

Zoonotic potential and prevalence of Salmonella serovars isolated from pets

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