Message based integration in Cyber-Physical System: firefighters in the field

Magalhães, Tiago; Oliveira, Ilídio; Fernandes, José Maria

doi:10.4108/eai.22-7-2015.2260246

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…FFs were using the VR2 system [ 25 ]. This system consists of a GPS, a FREMU (First Responder External Measurement Unit), a smartphone and a VitalJacket ® t-shirt [ 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Critical Levels of CO Exposure of Firefigthers through Monitored Heart Rate

Sebastião

Sorte

Fernandes

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Smoke inhalation poses a serious health threat to firefighters (FFs), with potential effects including respiratory and cardiac disorders. In this work, environmental and physiological data were collected from FFs, during experimental fires performed in 2015 and 2019. Extending a previous work, which allowed us to conclude that changes in heart rate (HR) were associated with alterations in the inhalation of carbon monoxide (CO), we performed a HR analysis according to different levels of CO exposure during firefighting based on data collected from three FFs. Based on HR collected and on CO occupational exposure standards (OES), we propose a classifier to identify CO exposure levels through the HR measured values. An ensemble of 100 bagged classification trees was used and the classification of CO levels obtained an overall accuracy of 91.9%. The classification can be performed in real-time and can be embedded in a decision fire-fighting support system. This classification of FF’ exposure to critical CO levels, through minimally-invasive monitored HR, opens the possibility to identify hazardous situations, preventing and avoiding possible severe problems in FF’ health due to inhaled pollutants. The obtained results also show the importance of future studies on the relevance and influence of the exposure and inhalation of pollutants on the FF’ health, especially in what refers to hazardous levels of toxic air pollutants.

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“…FFs were using the VR2 system [ 25 ]. This system consists of a GPS, a FREMU (First Responder External Measurement Unit), a smartphone and a VitalJacket ® t-shirt [ 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Critical Levels of CO Exposure of Firefigthers through Monitored Heart Rate

Sebastião

Sorte

Fernandes

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The standard also implements quality of service distribution techniques for traffic management, "at most once" -a single message delivery attempt is made but not guaranteed to succeed based on traffic and network conditions, "at least once" -a message is guaranteed to arrive, but duplicates may occur and "exactly once" -a payload is guaranteed to be delivered exactly once. There are a number of published usages of the MQTT standard within cyber physical systems as presented in [58]- [60]. Additionally, the MQTT protocol has been shown to be suitable for wireless devices, as required by the smaRTI hardware, as it has a lower power requirement than that of an equivalent open HTTP connection (27.9% reduction in power for sending data) [61], [62].…”

Section: Message Queue Telemetry Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

smaRTI—A cyber-physical intelligent container for industry 4.0 manufacturing

Neal

Sharpe

Conway

et al. 2019

Journal of Manufacturing Systems

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Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are becoming a significant research focus resulting from advancements in technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Manufacturing and Intelligent Products. Successful deployment of CPSs has the potential to provide a step change in manufacturing efficiency, flexibility and production yield as envisaged by the fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0 paradigm. The realisation of intelligent products and services is in the provisioning of predictive, risk preventative and high-performance manufacturing systems. As part of these manufacturing systems, Returnable Transit Items (RTIs) play a critical role in provisioning robust and efficient means of component (e.g. Work in Progress and finished items) protection and logistics. The research outlined in this paper details how a Returnable Transit Item (RTI) can become an integral part of the Industrie 4.0 vision as an intelligent container that can interact with components, machines and other cyber-physical manufacturing services. This paper discusses a CPS reference architecture for the integration of intelligent containers and presents a hardware and software proof of concept solution suitable for industrial deployments. The paper concludes with feasibility studies utilising the intelligent container for context determination services including the identification of intelligent components and monitoring of logistical handling process (i.e. the detection of collisions, lifting and turns).

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