Mesozooplankton grazing during spring sea-ice conditions in the eastern Bering Sea

Campbell, Robert G.; Ashjian, Carin J.; Sherr, Evelyn B.; Sherr, Barry F.; Lomas, Michael W.; Ross, Celia; Alatalo, Philip; Gelfman, Celia; Keuren, Donna Van

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.11.003

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Campbell et al. () showed that though both M. pacifica and Calanus spp. had strong preference for microzooplankton prey, ice‐associated algae were large components of their diets in the ice edge region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…had strong preference for microzooplankton prey, ice‐associated algae were large components of their diets in the ice edge region. This is likely because microzooplankton grazing rates were found to be low in the spring (Sherr, Sherr, & Ross, ) and the microzooplankton declined in proportional abundance as chlorophyll a concentration increased (Campbell et al., ). Smaller phytoplankton cells were ingested by copepods only when chlorophyll concentrations were very low (Campbell et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is likely because microzooplankton grazing rates were found to be low in the spring (Sherr, Sherr, & Ross, ) and the microzooplankton declined in proportional abundance as chlorophyll a concentration increased (Campbell et al., ). Smaller phytoplankton cells were ingested by copepods only when chlorophyll concentrations were very low (Campbell et al., ). This observation, combined with the low temperatures that reduce growth rates, may explain the low abundances of smaller‐bodied taxa observed in May during the cold period (Figures 3–5a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note here that while we report Calanus spp. as a mixture of C. marshallae and C. glacialis , the exact proportion of each species on the southeastern Bering shelf is unknown as these species are difficult to distinguish (Campbell et al., ). Throughout the paper, we refer to this mixture as Calanus spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Copepods that are grazing within this bloom experience favorable PPMR that increases trophic transfer efficiency (Barnes et al, 2010) ( Figure 7). Campbell et al (2016) showed that though both M. pacifica and Calanus spp. had strong preference for microzooplankton prey, ice-associated algae were large components of their diets in the ice edge region.…”

Section: Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Copepod dynamics across warm and cold periods in the eastern Bering Sea: Implications for walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and the Oscillating Control Hypothesis

Kimmel

Eisner

Wilson

et al. 2017

Fisheries Oceanography

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Differences in zooplankton populations in relation to climate have been explored extensively on the southeastern Bering Sea shelf, specifically in relation to recruitment of the commercially important species walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus). We addressed two research questions in this study: (i) Does the relative abundance of individual copepod species life history stages differ across warm and cold periods and (ii) Do estimated secondary production rates for copepods differ across warm and cold periods? For most copepod species, warmer conditions resulted in increased abundances in May, the opposite was observed in colder conditions. Abundances of smaller‐sized copepod species did not differ significantly between the warm and cold periods, whereas abundances of larger‐sized Calanus spp. increased during the cold period during July and September. Estimated secondary production rates in the warm period were highest in May for smaller‐sized copepods; production in the cold period was dominated by the larger‐sized Calanus spp. in July and September. We hypothesize that these observed patterns are a function of temperature‐driven changes in phenology combined with shifts in size‐based trophic relationships with primary producers. Based on this hypothesis, we present a conceptual model that builds upon the Oscillating Control Hypothesis to explain how variability in copepod production links to pollock variability. Specifically, fluctuations in spring sea‐ice drive regime‐dependent copepod production over the southeastern Bering Sea, but greatest impacts to upper trophic levels are driven by cascading July/September differences in copepod production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Copepod dynamics across warm and cold periods in the eastern Bering Sea: Implications for walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and the Oscillating Control Hypothesis

Kimmel

Eisner

Wilson

et al. 2017

Fisheries Oceanography

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Spring plankton dynamics in the Eastern Bering Sea, 1971–2050: Mechanisms of interannual variability diagnosed with a numerical model

et al. 2016

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A new planktonic ecosystem model was constructed for the Eastern Bering Sea based on observations from the 2007–2010 BEST/BSIERP (Bering Ecosystem Study/Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem Research Program) field program. When run with forcing from a data‐assimilative ice‐ocean hindcast of 1971–2012, the model performs well against observations of spring bloom time evolution (phytoplankton and microzooplankton biomass, growth and grazing rates, and ratios among new, regenerated, and export production). On the southern middle shelf (57°N, station M2), the model replicates the generally inverse relationship between ice‐retreat timing and spring bloom timing known from observations, and the simpler direct relationship between the two that has been observed on the northern middle shelf (62°N, station M8). The relationship between simulated mean primary production and mean temperature in spring (15 February to 15 July) is generally positive, although this was found to be an indirect relationship which does not continue to apply across a future projection of temperature and ice cover in the 2040s. At M2, the leading direct controls on total spring primary production are found to be advective and turbulent nutrient supply, suggesting that mesoscale, wind‐driven processes—advective transport and storminess—may be crucial to long‐term trends in spring primary production in the southeastern Bering Sea, with temperature and ice cover playing only indirect roles. Sensitivity experiments suggest that direct dependence of planktonic growth and metabolic rates on temperature is less significant overall than the other drivers correlated with temperature described above.

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Early ice retreat and ocean warming may induce copepod biogeographic boundary shifts in the Arctic Ocean

Feng

Campbell

et al. 2016

JGR Oceans

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Early ice retreat and ocean warming are changing various facets of the Arctic marine ecosystem, including the biogeographic distribution of marine organisms. Here an endemic copepod species, Calanus glacialis, was used as a model organism, to understand how and why Arctic marine environmental changes may induce biogeographic boundary shifts. A copepod individual‐based model was coupled to an ice‐ocean‐ecosystem model to simulate temperature‐ and food‐dependent copepod life history development. Numerical experiments were conducted for two contrasting years: a relatively cold and normal sea ice year (2001) and a well‐known warm year with early ice retreat (2007). Model results agreed with commonly known biogeographic distributions of C. glacialis, which is a shelf/slope species and cannot colonize the vast majority of the central Arctic basins. Individuals along the northern boundaries of this species' distribution were most susceptible to reproduction timing and early food availability (released sea ice algae). In the Beaufort, Chukchi, East Siberian, and Laptev Seas where severe ocean warming and loss of sea ice occurred in summer 2007, relatively early ice retreat, elevated ocean temperature (about 1–2°C higher than 2001), increased phytoplankton food, and prolonged growth season created favorable conditions for C. glacialis development and caused a remarkable poleward expansion of its distribution. From a pan‐Arctic perspective, despite the great heterogeneity in the temperature and food regimes, common biogeographic zones were identified from model simulations, thus allowing a better characterization of habitats and prediction of potential future biogeographic boundary shifts.

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Mesozooplankton grazing during spring sea-ice conditions in the eastern Bering Sea

Cited by 47 publications

References 80 publications

Copepod dynamics across warm and cold periods in the eastern Bering Sea: Implications for walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and the Oscillating Control Hypothesis

Copepod dynamics across warm and cold periods in the eastern Bering Sea: Implications for walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and the Oscillating Control Hypothesis

Spring plankton dynamics in the Eastern Bering Sea, 1971–2050: Mechanisms of interannual variability diagnosed with a numerical model

Early ice retreat and ocean warming may induce copepod biogeographic boundary shifts in the Arctic Ocean

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