Mesozoic chrysopid-like Planipennia: a phylogenetic approach (Insecta: Neuroptera)

Nel, André; Delclós, X; Hutin, Arnaud

doi:10.1080/00379271.2005.10697440

Cited by 59 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although the lineage of chrysopids has a moderately good fossil record extending into the Jurassic, with about 60 extinct species described, they are largely known from isolated compressions of wings and, more infrequently, the full-body remains of adults (6,7). By contrast, fossils of their immatures are extremely scarce and the earliest definitive occurrences were from the Cenozoic (SI Text).…”

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confidence: 99%

Early evolution and ecology of camouflage in insects

Fuente

Delclòs

Peñalver

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

123

104

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Taxa within diverse lineages select and transport exogenous materials for the purposes of camouflage. This adaptive behavior also occurs in insects, most famously in green lacewing larvae who nestle the trash among setigerous cuticular processes, known as trash-carrying, rendering them nearly undetectable to predators and prey, as well as forming a defensive shield. We report an exceptional discovery of a green lacewing larva in Early Cretaceous amber from Spain with specialized cuticular processes forming a dorsal basket that carry a dense trash packet. The trash packet is composed of trichomes of gleicheniacean ferns, which highlight the presence of wildfires in this early forest ecosystem. This discovery provides direct evidence of an early acquisition of a sophisticated behavioral suite in stasis for over 110 million years and an ancient plant-insect interaction.paleoethology | paleoecology | behavioral stasis | paleoentomology | paleobotany

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confidence: 99%

Early evolution and ecology of camouflage in insects

Fuente

Delclòs

Peñalver

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

123

104

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“…The newly discovered lacewing can be placed without ambiguity in the extinct family Mesochrysopidae (refer to the Supplemental Information), a group known only from the Jurassic and Cretaceous, and an early relative of the Chrysopidae, currently classified together as the superfamily Chrysopoidea, as advocated by Nel et al [5]. Indeed, the two are sometimes treated as a single family, with the former as a basal subfamily most likely paraphyletic to the latter, as it is presently defined only by symplesiomorphies relative to modern green lacewings [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…As such, the larvae of various groups have evolved unique anatomical and behavioral specializations for approaching and subduing their prey, particularly the green lacewings (Chrysopidae), where immatures are also adept at camouflage [1][2][3][4]. Here we report the discovery of a unique mode of life among mid-Cretaceous mesochrysopids, an early stem group to modern green lacewings [5][6][7] exhibiting a combination of morphological modifications in both adults and larvae unknown among living and fossil Neuroptera, even across winged insects. The new mesochrysopids exhibit a uniquely prolonged thorax, elongate legs, and dramatically reduced hind wings in adults, and larvae have extremely elongate, slender legs with pectinate pretarsal claws and lacking trumpet-shaped empodia.…”

Section: In Briefmentioning

confidence: 95%

Early Morphological Specialization for Insect-Spider Associations in Mesozoic Lacewings

Liu

Zhang²,

Winterton³

et al. 2016

Current Biology

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Insects exhibit a wide diversity of anatomical specializations in their adult and immature stages associated with particular aspects of their biology. The order Neuroptera (lacewings, antlions, and their relatives) are a moderately diverse lineage of principally predatory animals, at least in their immature stages, as all have a modified piercing-sucking mandible-maxillary complex that allows them to drain fluids from their prey. As such, the larvae of various groups have evolved unique anatomical and behavioral specializations for approaching and subduing their prey, particularly the green lacewings (Chrysopidae), where immatures are also adept at camouflage [1-4]. Here we report the discovery of a unique mode of life among mid-Cretaceous mesochrysopids, an early stem group to modern green lacewings [5-7] exhibiting a combination of morphological modifications in both adults and larvae unknown among living and fossil Neuroptera, even across winged insects. The new mesochrysopids exhibit a uniquely prolonged thorax, elongate legs, and dramatically reduced hind wings in adults, and larvae have extremely elongate, slender legs with pectinate pretarsal claws and lacking trumpet-shaped empodia. The peculiarities of the larvae include features principally found in spider-associated insect groups, implying that these lacewings were early specialists on web-spinning spiders, either as active predators or kleptoparasites. This reveals a dramatic and ancient degree of ecological refinement in a major lineage of insect predators, for a food resource otherwise not utilized by most lacewings.

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“…Interestingly, CuA in Gerstaeckerella Enderlein, 1910 (as in other mantispids) is short. In Mesochrysopidae, all intermediate stages are present, from MP and CuA widely spaced to touching (Makarkin and Menon 2005; Nel et al . 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…the hindwing is short and broad, c . 0.4 of forewing length, with rounded apex and reduced venation in Allopterus , and relatively narrow, without tornus, 0.6–0.8 of forewing length, with different venation (in particular, Rs inclined at a more acute angle to R1, with Rs1 originating more distally) in Karenina (Makarkin and Menon 2005; Nel et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

New Fossil Lacewings and Antlions (Insecta, Neuroptera) From the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil

Menon¹,

Makarkin²

2008

Palaeontology

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Remarkable new fossil taxa of Neuroptera from the laminated limestone of the Crato Formation, north-east Brazil, are described: Nuddsia longiantennata gen. et sp. nov. (Osmylidae, Gumillinae), the first fossil record of this family from South America, Parapalaeoleon magnus gen. et sp. nov. (Palaeoleontidae), and Triangulochrysopa formosa sp. nov. (Mesochrysopidae). A diagnosis of Gumillinae is provided; Epiosmylidae is considered to be a synonym of this subfamily. A revised diagnosis of Palaeoleontidae is provided, based on a new interpretation of venational characters evident on the exceptionally well-preserved specimen of P. magnus; vein homologies are determined and the fusion of MP and CuA is discussed. The genus Triangulochrysopa has been known previously only from the Lower Cretaceous of Las Hoyas, Spain.

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Mesozoic chrysopid-like Planipennia: a phylogenetic approach (Insecta: Neuroptera)

Cited by 59 publications

References 21 publications

Early evolution and ecology of camouflage in insects

Early evolution and ecology of camouflage in insects

Early Morphological Specialization for Insect-Spider Associations in Mesozoic Lacewings

New Fossil Lacewings and Antlions (Insecta, Neuroptera) From the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil

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