Mesozoic and Cenozoic of the Soviet Arctic

Sachs, V. N.; Strelkov, S. A.

doi:10.3138/9781487584979-008

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Parent materials in the study area are Quaternary sediments, primarily derived from the Zyryansk stage (122–59 kyr BP) and the Karginskaya interstage (59–24 kyr BP) of the last glaciation (Sachs, 1948). The tributaries all drained small catchments (<2 km 2 in size) of the Karginskaya terrace that is of glaciofluvial to glaciolimnic genesis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved organic matter in small streams along a gradient from discontinuous to continuous permafrost

Kawahigashi

Kaiser

Kalbitz

et al. 2004

Global Change Biology

139

125

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The Yenisei river passes every type of permafrost regime, from south to north, being characterized by increasing continuity of the permafrost and by decreasing thickness of the active layer. We used that situation to test the hypothesis that amounts and properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in small streams draining forested catchments respond to different permafrost regimes. Water samples were taken from eight tributaries along the Yenisei between 67130 0 N and 65149 0 N latitude. The samples were analysed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) and DOM was characterized by its chemical composition (XAD-8 fractionation, sugars, lignin phenols, amino acids, protein, UV and fluorescence spectroscopy), and its biodegradability. Most properties of the tributary waters varied depending on latitude. The higher the latitude, the higher were DOC, DON and the proportion of the hydrophobic fraction of DOC. The contribution of hexoses and pentoses to DOC were higher in southern tributaries; on the other hand, phenolic compounds were more abundant in northern tributaries. Mineralizable DOC ranged between 4% and 28% of total DOC. DOM in northern tributaries was significantly (Po0.05) less biodegradable than that in southern tributaries reflecting the differences in the chemical properties of DOM. Our results suggest that the differences in DOM properties are mainly attributed to differences of permafrost regime, affecting depth of active layer, soil organic matter accumulation and vegetation. Soil organic matter and vegetation determine the amount and composition of DOM produced in the catchments while the depth of the active layer likely controls the quantity and quality of DOM exported to streams. Sorptive interactions of DOM with the soil mineral phase typically increase with depth. The results imply that a northern shift of discontinuous permafrost likely will change in the long term the input of DOM into the Yenisei and thus probably into the Kara Sea.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved organic matter in small streams along a gradient from discontinuous to continuous permafrost

Kawahigashi

Kaiser

Kalbitz

et al. 2004

Global Change Biology

139

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The limits of the ice sheet during the Pleistocene glaciations are not known in detail, but several of the morphological features are explained as glacial. Sachs and Strelkov [1961] have mapped the maximum extension of the ice and show that the main part of the area described in this paper was not ice covered.…”

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confidence: 95%

Marine geophysical survey in the southwestern Barents Sea

Eldholm¹,

Ewing²

1971

J. Geophys. Res.

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A marine geophysical survey in the southwestern Barents Sea reveals an over‐all sequence of layered sediments. In the main part of this area relatively high seismic velocities (2.5–3.0 km/sec) occur near the sea floor, but a low‐velocity (1.85–2.2 km/sec) sedimentary wedge exists near the shelf edge. The low‐velocity section is believed to consist of material deposited during the Cenozoic when the Barents shelf was uplifted. However, the main portion of the sediments seem to be consolidated, of Mesozoic and Paleozoic age. Magnetic and gravity data suggest an irregular basement relief in the west and a smoother and probably deeper basement toward the east. The latter is associated with the Riphean structural complex, whereas the western area may reflect a continuation of the Caledonides.

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“…Many of the islands and the floor of the Kara Sea are marked by numerous abrasional terraces which reflect the complex glacial and postglacial history of this region. Novaya Zemlya and the Taymyr-Severnaya Zemlya region were principal centers of glaciation which progressed over a considerable part of the Russian plain (Saks, 1948; Saks and Strelkov, 1961). Saks (1948) concluded that tectonic pulsations in the northern part of Eurasia during the Quaternary rather than eustatic and isostatic factors were largely responsible for the oscillations in the coastal contours.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of color banding in the upper layers of Kara Sea sediments / Ralph R. Turner.

Turner¹

1971

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Sediment core samples from the deeper areas (>200 meters) of the Kara Sea, composed almost entirely of terrigenous elastics, are predominantly silty clay which is very poorly sorted, near-symmetrical to coarse-skewed and mesokurtic. The clay minerals are kaolinite, chlorite, illite, an expandable component which is probably montmorillonite, and possibly some mixed layer clays. The upper layers in many cores display a color sequence from the surface downward of light brown to dark brown to yellowbrown to gray-green to brown to gray-green. No significant textural or mineralogical difference exists between brown layers and gray-green ones. In two cores non-detrital iron and manganese are greatly enriched in the brown surface layers but not at the same stratigraphic level. The highest concentration of non-detrital manganese occurs several centimeters nearer to the sediment-water interface than does the highest concentration of non-detrital iron. Beneath the surface layers the concentration of both elements is greatly reduced except in the secondary brown layers which are somewhat enriched in non-detrital iron and very slightly in non-detrital manganese. Non-detrital material isolated from the upper manganeseand iron-enriched layers gave no diagnostic X-ray diffraction patterns and is probably amorphous or crypto-crystalline. Coprolitic material from one secondary brown layer was identified as the iron phosphate, vivianite. The concentration of non-detrital iron in 98 surface samples generally increases toward the mouths of the Siberian rivers, suggesting that these are the sources of iron in the Kara Sea. The distribution of non-detrital manganese in surface sediments apparently is controlled by factors other than distance from source. The non-detrital Mn/Fe ratio generally increases away from the river mouths, suggesting that iron is deposited nearer the points of influx than manganese. The distribution of non-detrital iron and manganese with depth in the cores appears to the controlled by post-depositional processes, including dissolution, migration, and subsequent differential oxidation of iron and manganese ions, rather than by primary depositional processes or variability in the rate of influx.

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Mesozoic and Cenozoic of the Soviet Arctic

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Dissolved organic matter in small streams along a gradient from discontinuous to continuous permafrost

Dissolved organic matter in small streams along a gradient from discontinuous to continuous permafrost

Marine geophysical survey in the southwestern Barents Sea

The significance of color banding in the upper layers of Kara Sea sediments / Ralph R. Turner.

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