Mesoscopic Rydberg Gate Based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

Müller, Markus; Lesanovsky, Igor; Weimer, Hendrik; Büchler, Hans Peter; Zoller, P.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.102.170502

Cited by 307 publications

(343 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

335

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the simplest case of resonant Rydberg EIT (both lasers resonant with their respective transitions, Fig. 4), the strong interaction between two Rydberg atoms tunes the two-photon transition out of resonance, thereby destroying the transparency and leading to absorption 22,58,59,[62][63][64] for two or more photons. The quantum nonlinearity in this case arises from the Rydberg excitation blockade 61 , which precludes the simultaneous excitation of two Rydberg atoms that are separated by less than the blockade radius r b (Fig.…”

Section: Quantum Nonlinear Optics Through Atom-atom Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum nonlinear optics — photon by photon

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

other. This linearity in light propagation, in combination with the high frequency and hence large bandwidth provided by waves at optical frequencies, has made optical signals the preferred method for communicating information over long distances. In contrast, the processing of information requires some form of interaction between signals. In the case of light, such interactions can be enabled by nonlinear optical processes. These processes, which are now found ubiquitously throughout science and technology, include optical modulation and switching, nonlinear spectroscopy and frequency conversion 1 , and have applications across both the physical 2 and biological 3,4 sciences.A long-standing goal in optical science has been the implementation of nonlinear effects at progressively lower light powers or pulse energies. The ultimate limit may be termed 'quantum nonlinear optics' (Box 1) -the regime where individual photons interact so strongly with one another that the propagation of light pulses containing one, two or more photons varies substantially with photon number. Although this domain is difficult to reach owing to the small nonlinear coefficients of bulk optical materials, the potential payoff is significant. The realization of quantum nonlinear optics could improve the performance of classical nonlinear devices, enabling, for example, fast energy-efficient optical transistors that avoid Ohmic heating 5 . Furthermore, nonlinear switches activated by single photons could enable optical quantum information processing and communication 6 , as well as other applications that rely on the generation and manipulation of non-classical light fields 7,8 . The challenge of making photons interactAt low optical powers, most optical materials exhibit only linear optical phenomena, such as refraction and absorption, which can be described by a complex index of refraction. However, a sufficiently intense light beam can modify a material's index of refraction, such that the light propagation becomes power-dependent. This is the essence of classical nonlinear optics (Box 1). Large optical fields are required to alter the index of refraction of conventional bulk materials because a strong nonlinear response can only be induced if the electric field of the light beam acting on the electrons is comparable to the field of the nucleus. As a result, early experimental observations of nonlinear optical phenomena, such as frequencydoubling or sum-frequency generation 9 , were achievable only after the development of powerful lasers. Advances in nonlinear optics over the past four decades have resulted in progressively more efficient nonlinear processes 10 , thus enabling the observation of nonlinear processes at lower and lower light levels. It is natural to inquire if and how these nonlinear interactions can be made so strong that they become important even at the level of individual quanta of radiation. Although this question was addressed in early theoretical studies [11][12][13] , it has become more pressing with the advent of...

show abstract

Section: Quantum Nonlinear Optics Through Atom-atom Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum nonlinear optics — photon by photon

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rydberg atoms in an optical lattice with a large lattice spacing can be addressed individually by external lasers. A Rydberg gate allows to entangle a number of atoms with a single control atom [88]. This is the basis of theoretical constructions of digital quantum simulators for U(1) quantum link models [73,89], which use control atoms at lattice sites to ensure Gauss' law, as well as at plaquette centers to facilitate the flip of electric flux loops wrapping around flippable plaquettes.…”

Section: Digital Quantum Simulators For Z(2) and U (1) Gauge Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultracold quantum gases and lattice systems: quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories are of central importance in many areas of physics. In condensed matter physics, Abelian U(1) lattice gauge theories arise in the description of certain quantum spin liquids. In quantum information theory, Kitaev's toric code is a Z(2) lattice gauge theory. In particle physics, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the non-Abelian SU(3) gauge theory of the strong interactions between quarks and gluons, is nonperturbatively regularized on a lattice. Quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the Wilson formulation, and are well suited for both digital and analog quantum simulation using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices. Since quantum simulators do not suffer from the notorious sign problem, they open the door to studies of the real-time evolution of strongly coupled quantum systems, which are impossible with classical simulation methods. A plethora of interesting lattice gauge theories suggests itself for quantum simulation, which should allow us to address very challenging problems, ranging from confinement and deconfinement, or chiral symmetry breaking and its restoration at finite baryon density, to color superconductivity and the real-time evolution of heavy-ion collisions, first in simpler model gauge theories and ultimately in QCD.

show abstract

“…The utility of tunable Rydberg-Rydberg interactions is not limited to two atoms, and has lead to the theoretical development of a remarkably versatile toolbox for quantum information processing [8]. Recent theoretical work has studied the excitation dynamics and many-body phase diagram of large Rydberg atom chains and lattices [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16], and demonstrated their utility for digital quantum simulation of exotic many-body Hamiltonians [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Many-body physics with alkaline-earth Rydberg lattices

Mukherjee

Millen

Nath

et al. 2011

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

110

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We explore the prospects for confining alkaline-earth Rydberg atoms in an optical lattice via optical dressing of the secondary core valence electron. Focussing on the particular case of strontium, we identify experimentally accessible magic wavelengths for simultaneous trapping of ground and Rydberg states. A detailed analysis of relevant loss mechanisms shows that the overall lifetime of such a system is limited only by the spontaneous decay of the Rydberg state, and is not significantly affected by photoionization or autoionization. The van der Waals C 6 coefficients for the Sr(5sns 1 S 0 ) Rydberg series are calculated, and we find that the interactions are attractive. Finally we show that the combination of magic-wavelength lattices and attractive interactions could be exploited to generate many-body Greenberger-HorneZeilinger (GHZ) states.

show abstract

Mesoscopic Rydberg Gate Based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency

Cited by 307 publications

References 22 publications

Quantum nonlinear optics — photon by photon

Quantum nonlinear optics — photon by photon

Ultracold quantum gases and lattice systems: quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories

Many-body physics with alkaline-earth Rydberg lattices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About