Mesoscale Simulation of Supercritical, Subcritical, and Transcritical Flow along Coastal Topography

Burk, Stephen D.; Haack, Tracy; Samelson, R. M.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<2780:msossa>2.0.co;2

Cited by 67 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The Eta model also places the axis of maximum mean stress near Cape Blanco roughly 50 km northwest of its location in the QuikSCAT observations and the other two models. We interpret the intensification near Cape Blanco as an orographic effect similar to those previously observed and modeled along the California coast (Winant et al, 1988;Samelson, 1992;Burk et al, 1999). The COAMPS simulations are also yielding interesting information on the diurnal cycle along the Oregon coast.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

COAMPS Simulations of the Coastal Atmosphere

Samelson¹,

Skyllingstad²

2001

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LONG-TERM GOALSThe long-term goal of this project is to improve our ability to understand and predict environmental conditions in the coastal zone. OBJECTIVESThe objectives of this project are to conduct and analyze mesoscale model simulations of the coastal atmosphere using the Naval Research Laboratory's Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS), to provide model-based atmospheric forcing fields to coastal ocean modelers, to compare COAMPS model results to scatterometer and aircraft observations and to other model results, and to investigate and quantify the response of the coastal lower atmosphere to sea surface temperature variations. APPROACHThe approach used in this project is to combine numerical model results with in-situ and remotesensing observations to understand and quantify physical processes in the coastal lower atmosphere and test their representation in mesoscale atmospheric models.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

COAMPS Simulations of the Coastal Atmosphere

Samelson¹,

Skyllingstad²

2001

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“…Burk et al, 1999), which, in turn, affects the O 3 concentrations observed at coastal sites. This orography-wind-O 3 interaction makes the determination of the marine O 3 easier in some ways and more difficult in others.…”

Section: Selection Of Marine Air By Wind Direction and Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing ozone in marine boundary layer inflow at the west coasts of North America and Europe

2009

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Abstract. An effective method is presented for determining the ozone (O 3 ) mixing ratio in the onshore flow of marine air at the North American west coast. By combining the data available from all marine boundary layer (MBL) sites with simultaneous wind data, decadal temporal trends of MBL O 3 in all seasons are established with high precision. The average springtime temporal trend over the past two decades is 0.46 ppbv/yr with a 95% confidence limit of 0.13 ppbv/yr, and statistically significant trends are found for all seasons except autumn, which does have a significantly smaller trend than other seasons. The average trend in mean annual ozone is 0.34±0.09 ppbv/yr. These decadal trends at the North American west coast present a striking comparison and contrast with the trends reported for the European west coast at Mace Head, Ireland. The trends in the winter, spring and summer seasons compare well at the two locations, while the Mace Head trend is significantly greater in autumn. Even though the trends are similar, the absolute O 3 mixing ratios differ markedly, with the marine air arriving at Europe in all seasons containing 7±2 ppbv higher ozone than marine air arriving at North America. Further, the ozone mixing ratios at the North American west coast show no indication of stabilizing as has been reported for Mace Head. In a larger historical context the background boundary layer O 3 mixing ratios over the 130 years covered by available data have increased substantially (by a factor of two to three), and this increase continues at present, at least in the MBL of the Pacific coast region of North America. The reproduction of the increasing trends in MBL O 3 over the past two decades, as well as the difference in the O 3 mixing ratios between the Correspondence to: D. D. Parrish (david.d.parrish@noaa.gov) two coastal regions will present a significant challenge for global chemical transport models. Further, the ability of the models to at least semi-quantitatively reproduce the longerterm, historical trends may an even greater challenge.

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“…For example, a passing winter storm does not have time to fully adjust its surface winds to the underlying SST gradients, although it also may not have a strong influence on the oceanic currents; note also that SST gradients are generally weaker in winter (Castelao et al 2006;Chelton et al 2007a). Another example, more germane to the coastal region, is the influence of coastal orography on adjacent marine winds (Enriquez and Friehe 1995;Dorman et al 1999;Burk et al 1999;Haack et al 2001;Edwards et al 2001Edwards et al , 2002Perlin et al 2004), quite apart from whatever SST-wind 2968 coupling is also acting. Therefore, further studies require a more dynamical atmospheric companion to the dynamical ocean (e.g., a fully coupled, regional oceanatmosphere model that resolves the coastal winds and circulation in both synoptic and climatological modes).…”

Section: Summary and Prospectmentioning

confidence: 99%

SST–Wind Interaction in Coastal Upwelling: Oceanic Simulation with Empirical Coupling

Jin

Dong

Kurian

et al. 2009

Journal of Physical Oceanography

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Observations, primarily from satellites, have shown a statistical relationship between the surface wind stress and underlying sea surface temperature (SST) on intermediate space and time scales, in many regions inclusive of eastern boundary upwelling current systems. In this paper, this empirical SST-wind stress relationship is utilized to provide a simple representation of mesoscale air-sea coupling for an oceanic model forced by surface winds, namely, the Regional Oceanic Modeling System (ROMS). This model formulation is applied to an idealized upwelling problem with prevailing equatorward winds to determine the coupling consequences on flow, SST, stratification, and wind evolutions. The initially uniform wind field adjusts through coupling to a cross-shore profile with weaker nearshore winds, similar to realistic ones. The modified wind stress weakens the nearshore upwelling circulation and increases SST in the coastal zone. The SST-induced wind stress curl strengthens offshore upwelling through Ekman suction. The total curl-driven upwelling exceeds the coastal upwelling. The SST-induced changes in the nearshore wind stress field also strengthen and broaden the poleward undercurrent. The coupling also shows significant impact on the developing mesoscale eddies by damaging cyclonic eddies more than anticyclonic eddies, which leads to dominance by the latter. Dynamically, this is a consequence of cyclones with stronger SST gradients that induce stronger wind perturbations in this particular upwelling problem and that are therefore generally more susceptible to disruption than anticyclones at finite Rossby number. The net effect is a weakening of eddy kinetic energy.

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Mesoscale Simulation of Supercritical, Subcritical, and Transcritical Flow along Coastal Topography

Cited by 67 publications

References 22 publications

COAMPS Simulations of the Coastal Atmosphere

COAMPS Simulations of the Coastal Atmosphere

Increasing ozone in marine boundary layer inflow at the west coasts of North America and Europe

SST–Wind Interaction in Coastal Upwelling: Oceanic Simulation with Empirical Coupling

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