Mesoscale Cyclogenesis in Winter Monsoon Air Streams : Quasi-geostrophic Baroclinic Instability as a Mechanism of the Cyclogenesis off the West Coast of Hokkaido Island, Japan

Tsuboki, Kazuhisa; Wakahama, Gorow

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.70.1_77

Cited by 43 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…From 1988 to 1992, observations of the snowfall were made over the Sho-nai, Yamagata Prefecture (Matsuo 1992). In addition, many studies have been conducted on mesoscale distur- bances, such as polar lows (Tsuboki and Wakahama 1992;Yanase et al 2002), JPCZ (Yagi et al 1986; Research group on mesoscale meteorology of the Marine Department, 1988; Nagata 1987; Lee and Park 1998), mesoscale vortices seen along the JPCZ (Kuroda 1992;Nagata 1993;Ookubo 1995;Kato 2001), T and L cloud modes (Yagi 1985), and medium-scale disturbances (Matsumoto et al 1967;Matsumoto and Ninomiya 1969). However, these analytical and numerical studies were still insufficient to explain the formation and development of winter disturbances, since most disturbances develop over the Japan Sea, and therefore detailed structures and mechanisms of formation and development were still unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Field Experiment "Winter Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) over the Japan Sea in 2001", and Comparisons of the Cold-air Outbreak Case (14 January) between Analysis and a Non-hydrostatic Cloud-resolving Model

Yoshizaki¹,

Kato²,

Eito³

et al. 2004

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of the Field Experiment "Winter Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) over the Japan Sea in 2001", and Comparisons of the Cold-air Outbreak Case (14 January) between Analysis and a Non-hydrostatic Cloud-resolving Model

Yoshizaki¹,

Kato²,

Eito³

et al. 2004

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…또한, Forbes and Lottes (1985)는 경압 불안정과 CISK 모두 극저기압 의 발달에 있어 중요한 역할을 한다고 하였다. Yanase et al (2004) Miyazawa, 1967;Asai, 1988;Asai and Miura, 1981;Ninomiya, 1989Ninomiya, , 1991Ninomiya, , 1994Ninomiya et al, 1990Ninomiya et al, , 1993Ninomiya et al, , 1996Tsuboki and Wakahama, 1992;Fu, 1999;Fu et al, 2004aFu et al, , 2004bWatanabe and Niino, 2014). 한편, 국내 연구에서는 종관 규모의 저기압 발달에 관한 연구는 다소 있으나(e.g., Lee et al, 1987;Park and Lee, 1998;Lee et al, 2002;Kim et al, 2004;Jung et al, 2005) (Holton, 1992).…”

Section: 한국기상학회 대기 제26권 2호 (2016)unclassified

A Case Study on the Polar Low Developed over the Sea Near Busan on 11~12 February 2011

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

2016

Atmosphere

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The evolutionary process of the polar low, which caused the heavy snowfall in the East Coast area on 11~12 February 2011, was investigated to describe in detail using synoptic weather charts, satellite imageries, and ERA (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis) -Interim reanalysis data. It was revealed that 1) the polar low was generated over the sea near Busan where a large cyclonic shear in the inverted trough branched from the parent low existed, 2) during the developing and mature stages, there was a convectively unstable region in the lower layer around the polar low and its south side, 3) the polar low was developed in the region where the static stability in the 500~850 hPa layer was the lowest, 4) the result from the budget analysis of the vorticity equation indicated that the increase in the vorticity at the lower atmosphere, where the polar low was located, was dominated mainly by the stretching term, 5) the warm core structure of the polar low was identified in the surface-700 hPa layer during the mature stage, 6) there was a close inverse relationship between a development of the polar low and the height of the dynamic tropopause over the polar low, and 7) for generation and development of the polar low, large-scale circulation systems, such as upper cold low and its combined short wave trough, major low (parent low), and polar air outbreak, should be presented, indicating that the polar low has the nature of the baroclinic disturbance.

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“…Mansfield, 1974;Duncan, 1977;Reed and Duncan, 1987;Tsuboki and Wakahama, 1992), the conditional instability of the second kind (CISK) (e.g. Rasmussen, 1979;Craig and Cho, 1988), the wind-induced surface heat exchange (WISHE) (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lee et al, 1998;Fu et al, 2004;Wu et al, 2011). Tsuboki and Wakahama (1992), who used radiosonde observations to investigate the mechanism of PL development over the Sea of Japan as a linear instability problem of baroclinic flow, indicated that the observed PLs were characterised by two unstable modes with wavelengths of 200Á300 km and 500Á700 km. Yanase et al (2004) performed numerical experiments that showed that condensational heating was important in the development of a PL under sufficiently moist atmospheric conditions and low static stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although baroclinic instability in PLs was previously examined as a linear instability problem (e.g. Mansfield, 1974;Duncan, 1977;Reed and Duncan, 1987;Tsuboki and Wakahama, 1992), the three-dimensional baroclinic structure associated with PLs in the real atmosphere is not well investigated. First, we show the results of our frontal analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Roles of an upper-level cold vortex and low-level baroclinicity in the development of polar lows over the Sea of Japan

Shimada¹,

Wada²,

Yamazaki

et al. 2014

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

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A B S T R A C TThe relationship between a synoptic-scale, upper-level cold vortex and a meso-a scale polar low (PL) over the Sea of Japan, and the role played by low-level baroclinicity in the development of the PL were investigated. We examined three PLs from the perspective of potential vorticity (PV) and energy budgets, using mesoscale analysis data with a horizontal resolution of Â11 km. During the development stage of each PLs, a meso-a scale upperlevel PV (UPV) anomaly, which intrudes to around the 700Á600 hPa level and which is just a part of a synopticscale PV anomaly accompanying the cold vortex, moved to the west side of a low-level PL. The PL was located in a wide region of low static stability in the lower troposphere. These conditions suggested that the synoptic-scale cold vortex, accompanied by a cold dome and the different scales of UPV anomalies, played a role in creating a favourable environment for the PL development. One of the common characteristics of the PL cases studied here was that, in contrast to the low-level PL, the upper-level disturbance associated with the meso-a scale UPV anomaly showed no development at all. This is likely because of the mobile UPV anomaly cut off from its source. Low-level baroclinicity, which varied with time, was an important factor in differentiating the PL shape and the energy sources necessary for PL development. Furthermore, the strength of baroclinicity, through its enhancement of mesoscale fronts and convection, affected diabatic processes, as well as baroclinic development.

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Mesoscale Cyclogenesis in Winter Monsoon Air Streams : Quasi-geostrophic Baroclinic Instability as a Mechanism of the Cyclogenesis off the West Coast of Hokkaido Island, Japan

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

An Overview of the Field Experiment "Winter Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) over the Japan Sea in 2001", and Comparisons of the Cold-air Outbreak Case (14 January) between Analysis and a Non-hydrostatic Cloud-resolving Model

An Overview of the Field Experiment "Winter Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) over the Japan Sea in 2001", and Comparisons of the Cold-air Outbreak Case (14 January) between Analysis and a Non-hydrostatic Cloud-resolving Model

A Case Study on the Polar Low Developed over the Sea Near Busan on 11~12 February 2011

Roles of an upper-level cold vortex and low-level baroclinicity in the development of polar lows over the Sea of Japan

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