Mesoporous Silica Spheres Incorporated Aluminum/Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) for Enhanced Burning Propellants

Wang, Xizheng; DeLisio, Jeffery B.; Holdren, Scott; Wu, Tao; Yang, Yong; Hu, Jiangsheng; Zachariah, Michael R.

doi:10.1002/adem.201700547

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…A contrasting phenomenon reported by Hu [ 90 ] is that the polymer matrix of NC combusts firstly due to the low decomposition temperature (~210 °C); then, the loaded particles of AgIO 3 /CB were initiated to a secondary flame, followed by the formation of AgI nanoparticles, which serve as cloud seeding nuclei. Wang [ 91 ] employed mesoporous SiO 2 particles (~0.9 μm diameter), an inert material with low thermal conductivity, as additives to enhance the reactivity of Al/PVDF films. The added particles not only catalyzed the decomposition of Al/PVDF by releasing more HF but also served as embedded ignition points with more thermal feedback to increase the pressurization rates and burning rates by up to 3 times (5 wt% addition).…”

Section: Energetic Films (2d Ems)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Electrohydrodynamic Atomization Preparation of Energetic Materials with Controlled Microstructures

Zhang

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Constructing ingenious microstructures, such as core–shell, laminate, microcapsule and porous microstructures, is an efficient strategy for tuning the combustion behaviors and thermal stability of energetic materials (EMs). Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA), which includes electrospray and electrospinning, is a facile and versatile technique that can be used to process bulk materials into particles, fibers, films and three-dimensional (3D) structures with nanoscale feature sizes. However, the application of EHDA in preparing EMs is still in its initial development. This review summarizes the progress of research on EMs prepared by EHDA over the last decade. The morphology and internal structure of the produced materials can be easily altered by varying the operation and precursor parameters. The prepared EMs composed of zero-dimensional (0D) particles, one-dimensional (1D) fibers and two-dimensional (2D) films possess precise microstructures with large surface areas, uniformly dispersed components and narrow size distributions and show superior energy release rates and combustion performances. We also explore the reasons why the fabrication of 3D EM structures by EHDA is still lacking. Finally, we discuss development challenges that impede this field from moving out of the laboratory and into practical application.

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Section: Energetic Films (2d Ems)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Electrohydrodynamic Atomization Preparation of Energetic Materials with Controlled Microstructures

Zhang

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…While fluoropolymers have been used as oxidizers in energetic materials, there has been limited research on how the electromechanical properties influence the combustion properties 15–18 . Specifically, tuning the impact sensitivity, burning rate and other combustion properties in fluoropolymer bound energetics by using piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity has yet to be fully studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 While fluoropolymers have been used as oxidizers in energetic materials, there has been limited research on how the electromechanical properties influence the combustion properties. [15][16][17][18] Specifically, tuning the impact sensitivity, burning rate and other combustion properties in fluoropolymer bound energetics by using piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity has yet to be fully studied. Initial research by Row and Groven 15 reported a significant change in the impact sensitivity when a DC voltage was applied to the PVDF/Al and THV/Al reactive systems indicating the electroactive nature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexoelectricity in fluoropolymer/aluminium reactives

Zaitzeff

Groven

2022

Polymer International

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The development of smart reactive materials is of significant interest to the reactives community in order to tailor energy delivery and enable ON/OFF capability. Of the polymer bound reactives, those with fluoropolymer binder have shown potential as smart materials due to the polymer's strong electroactive characteristics. This could be due to piezoelectricity or flexoelectricity but has not been well characterized. This effort measures the flexoelectric coefficient for two fluoropolymer/aluminium (Al) reactive systems and details the role processing, configuration and fluoropolymer type have on their electroactive behavior. Specifically, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and tetrafluoroethylene‐hexafluoropropylene‐vinylidene fluoride (THV) were characterized with Al (fuel) loadings of 0, 20, 33 and 50 wt%. Two additive manufacturing routes, direct ink writing (DIW) and fused filament fabrication, were used to determine how processing and print direction may influence the electroactive behavior. A linear increase in flexoelectric coefficient as a function of Al loading was observed for both fluoropolymer systems ranging from 5.03 ± 0.7 nC m–1 to 7.83 ± 1.1 nC m–1. Processing via DIW resulted in samples with the highest flexoelectric coefficients, 8.48 ± 1.0 and 11.62 ± 2.5 nC m–1 for THV/Al and PVDF/Al, respectively, attributed to increased porosity. These results indicate that non‐piezoelectric polymer bound reactives have promise as smart reactives with calculated apparent piezoelectric coefficients up to 189 ± 12 pC N–1. © 2021 Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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“…Matrix-supported metal nanoclusters (1–10 nm) have shown potential for applications in electronics, catalysis, energy storage, and sensors. − Although many techniques have been developed to decorate metal nanoclusters onto the supporting matrices, achieving a higher surface density while maintaining an ultrasmall size and uniform dispersity is extremely difficult because of the metastable nature and the rapid aggregation of nanoclusters. Simply increasing the nanocluster surface density by adding more nanoclusters onto the host matrix often leads to nanocluster aggregation, uneven dispersion, and further growth of nanoclusters into larger sizes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Laser Pulse Synthesis of Supported Metal Nanoclusters with Kinetically Tunable Size and Surface Density for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

Yang

Yao

Kline

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Matrix-supported metal nanoclusters (1−10 nm) with unique size-and shape-dependent properties have drawn attention for their potential applications in electronics, catalysis, energy storage, and sensors. However, synthesis of matrixsupported ultrasmall nanoclusters at high concentration and in an unaggregated state is challenging. Here we demonstrate a rapid laser pulse technique to in situ fabricate ultrasmall metal nanoclusters supported on a carbon nanofiber (CNF) matrix with kinetically controllable size and surface density. A rapid laser pulse heating on the metal precursor incorporated CNF matrix triggers the fast nucleation and growth of metal nanoclusters, and a subsequent ultrafast quenching freezes them onto the CNF structure. We find that a shorter laser pulse enables the formation of metal nanoclusters with higher number densities and smaller sizes while longer laser pulse leads to the further growth of metal nanoclusters and the achievement of their equilibrium shape. A characteristic time analysis suggests that the growth of metal nanoclusters is dominated by surface diffusion and sintering, and Ostwald ripening is mainly involved at the early stage of nanocluster formation. We also demonstrate that the catalytic performance of CNF matrix supported metal nanoclusters toward electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution is enhanced for metal nanoclusters with a smaller size and higher number density. This work provides a promising approach for rapid and scalable fabrication of ultrasmall, high-density metal nanoclusters, and nanoclusterbased devices.

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Mesoporous Silica Spheres Incorporated Aluminum/Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) for Enhanced Burning Propellants

Cited by 36 publications

References 31 publications

Progress in Electrohydrodynamic Atomization Preparation of Energetic Materials with Controlled Microstructures

Progress in Electrohydrodynamic Atomization Preparation of Energetic Materials with Controlled Microstructures

Flexoelectricity in fluoropolymer/aluminium reactives

Rapid Laser Pulse Synthesis of Supported Metal Nanoclusters with Kinetically Tunable Size and Surface Density for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

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