Mesoporous Organosilicas With Large Cage‐Like Pores for High Efficiency Immobilization of Enzymes

Periodic mesoporous organosilicas for advanced applications

“…Adsorption studies on proteins, such as cytochrome c, serum albumin and hemoglobin, have been carried out by several researchers 23 using PMO materials, including bridged ethane (-CH 2 -CH 2 -) (or ethane functionalized with -NH 2 or -COOH), benzene (-C 6 H 4 -) and biphenyl (-(C 6 H 4 ) 2 -) groups. Adsorption studies have been carried out on enzymes such as lipase, a biocatalyst of great relevance for industrial applications, 85,86 as well as lysozyme, papain, chloroperoxidase and horseradish peroxidase [85][86][87][88][89] using PMO materials, including bridged ethane (or ethane functionalized with -(CH 2 ) 3 -O-CH 2 -(CH) 2 O), amine (-(CH 2 ) 3 -NH-(CH 2 ) 3 -), benzene, biphenyl, ethene (-CH ¼ CH-), -(CH 2 ) 3 -NH-CO-NH-(CH 2 ) 3 -/-(CH 2 ) 3 -NH-CO-S-(CH 2 ) 3 -and -(CH 2 ) 3 -S-CH 2 -CHOH-CH 2 -O-(CH 2 ) 3 -groups. Ha and co-workers 26,90 reported the adsorption of enzymes (lysozyme and cytochrome c) and nicotine using three different types of hollow PMOs produced from bis(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl) amine, 1,4-bis(triethoxysilyl)benzene or 4,4 0 -bis(triethoxysilyl)biphenyl as silica precursors and triblock copolymer as a structure-directing agent via a self-assembly process.…”

“…In 2011, Hartmann and co-workers 85 reported PMOs with bridged organic moieties (ethane, ethene, benzene) in their framework and large cage-like pores for high-efficiency immobilization of enzymes ( Figure 10). Owing to their unique structures and hydrophobic surface properties, the materials showed unprecedently high enzyme loading without mass-transfer limitations.…”

“…These materials are generally obtained by the incorporation or dense packing of active molecules, such as fullerene C 60 , viologen and dye molecules, with a bridged organosilane precursor that was fixed into the PMO pore walls. 6,104 Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the enzyme adsorption for PMOs with various organic bridges (adapted from Hartmann and co-workers, 85 Copyright ª 2011 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH KGaA, Weinheim, Germany).…”

Fast Atmospheric Plasma Deposition of Bio‐Inspired Catechol/Quinone‐Rich Nanolayers to Immobilize NDM‐1 Enzymes for Water Treatment

“…[ 9 ] Taking inspiration from nature, the development of new surface properties through enzyme immobilization currently attracts strong interest. [ 10 ] Appropriate enzyme immobilization most often enhances their activity, stability, and lifetime compared to their free form in solution. [ 11,12 ] Numerous types of functional coatings bearing amine, carboxylic or epoxy groups, obtained through various deposition routes have been investigated for the covalent tethering of proteins.…”

Chemistry of Mesoporous Organosilica in Nanotechnology: Molecularly Organic–Inorganic Hybridization into Frameworks

“…[ 46 ] In addition, the presence of incorporated organic groups makes the pore wall active and functional in different situations to satisfy the requirements of various applications. Based on the kinds and functions of incorporated functional organic groups, these organic-inorganic hybrid mesoporous organosilica materials have found broad applications in liquid chromatography, [ 47,48 ] absorbents, [49][50][51][52][53][54] catalysis, [55][56][57][58][59][60] light harvesting, [ 61,62 ] enzyme immobilization, [63][64][65] drug delivery, [ 66 ] fi lms, [ 67 ] and low-k materials. [67][68][69][70][71] Importantly, the integration of aligned fl uorinated p -phenylene moieties into organosilica enables the incorporation of dipole-bearing molecular rotors within the covalent organic-inorganic hybrid framework, [ 72 ] which is of high signifi cance to create molecular machines and devices for diverse applications.…”