“…Indeed, there are many types of catalysts that have been used for the conversion of glucose to HMF, such as metal chloride salts (MgCl 2 , SnCl 4 ) [7], metal oxides (TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 ) [8,9], metal organic frameworks (ZIF-8) [10], zeolites [11][12][13][14][15][16], and Sn, Ti and Zr-containing zeolites [17,18]. Among them, the metal incorporated in a zeolite is one of the most important candidates for this reaction because of high metal dispersion [19], high surface area [20], unique shape selective properties [21], suitable acid properties [22] and high thermal/hydrothermal stability [23], for example.…”