Mesopic and dark-adapted two-color fundus-controlled perimetry in patients with cuticular, reticular, and soft drusen

Pfau, Maximilian; Lindner, Moritz; Gliem, Martin; Steinberg, Julia S.; Thiele, Sarah; Finger, Robert P.; Fleckenstein, Monika; Holz, Frank G.; Schmitz-Valckenberg, Steffen

doi:10.1038/s41433-018-0183-3

Cited by 46 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Binns et al 42 found the RIT at 128 eccentricity had a faster recovery than the 58 eccentricity in AMD group after exposed to 76% photobleach. A greater rod dysfunction at the paracentral macula has also been reported in the earlier studies by Flynn 13 and Pfau et al 43 When evaluating the RIT in our 30-minute testing protocol, we still found a large proportion of testing points in the RPD group that did not reach the rod intercept level after 30 minutes of dark adaptation. While slightly smaller than in our previous protocol where testing was only for 20 minutes (46%), 6 we still had about a third of all points in the RPD group not reaching the rod intercept level, and as such was uninformative to follow over time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Longitudinal Assessment of Rod Function in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration With and Without Reticular Pseudodrusen

Tan

Guymer

Aung

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. To evaluate rod function longitudinally in intermediate age-related macular degeneration subjects with reticular pseudodrusen (RPD) and without RPD (AMD). METHODS. Retinal sensitivities (505 and 625 nm) during dark adaptation, at 14 locations within the central 128 macula were obtained after photobleaching at baseline and 12-month visits. Pointwise sensitivity differences between both stimuli were used to assess static rod function, while rod intercept time (RIT) and rod recovery rate (RRR) were used to evaluate dynamic function. Changes in function over time were compared between groups. RESULTS. A total of 23 controls, 12 AMD, and 13 RPD cases were followed-up. At baseline, the RPD group had significantly worst static and dynamic rod function compared to AMD and control groups. Static function in AMD was similar to controls. Static and dynamic function across the central 128 was consistent in controls; however, it was most impaired at 48 compared to 128 eccentricity in disease groups. Over 12 months, no AMD cases progressed clinically and static function in AMD improved (P 0.04), but remained unchanged in control and RPD groups (P ‡ 0.17). The RRR for control and RPD groups remained stable, while the AMD group deteriorated, but only at 128 (P ¼ 0.02). The RIT was stable in AMD (P ¼ 0.75) and RPD (P ¼ 0.71) groups but improved in the control group (P ¼ 0.002). CONCLUSIONS. A decrease in RRR was detected over 12 months at 128 eccentricity in the AMD group. Evaluating changes in rod function requires testing at multiple locations including the peripheral macula.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Longitudinal Assessment of Rod Function in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration With and Without Reticular Pseudodrusen

Tan

Guymer

Aung

et al. 2019

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…26,34,36,37 In this context highest impairment of rod function was found at 4°and 6°eccentricity of the fovea by Tan and coworkers, 34 whereas in another study highest abnormality of rod function in eyes with RPD was observed at 8°eccentricity after previous photobleach. 26 FCP testing recently showed a localized reduction of mesopic and especially scotopic retinal sensitivity corresponding to areas with RPD secondary to AMD, 25,27 which could be previously linked to a localized thinning of the partial outer retinal layer thickness. 18 In another work Wu and coworkers 38 did not observe a significant association of functional changes in mesopic FCP testing within presence of RPD in a cross-sectional study, whereas a reduced multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) implicit time, as well as reduced function, was exhibited in areas of RPD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…22,23 Various studies found a functional impairment beyond best-corrected central visual acuity, using electroretinography (ERG) testing and fundus-controlled perimetry (FCP) (also termed as microperimetry). [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] A reduction of multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) function was seen in areas of RPD by Alten and coworkers. 23 In addition increased rodintercept time (RIT) in presence of RPD was observed by Flamendorf et al, 33 whereas within a longitudinal observational period of 12 months RIT was shown to remain stable in eyes with AMD and RPD.…”

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confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Analysis of Structural and Functional Changes in Presence of Reticular Pseudodrusen Associated With Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Saßmannshausen

Pfau

Thiele

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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To examine longitudinal changes of retinal thickness and retinal sensitivity in patients with intermediate age-related macular degeneration (iAMD) and predominantly reticular pseudodrusen (RPD). METHODS. At baseline 30 eyes of 25 iAMD patients underwent optical coherence tomography imaging, mesopic and scotopic fundus-controlled perimetry (FCP) with follow-up examinations at month 12 (20 eyes), 24 (12 eyes), and 36 (11 eyes). Thicknesses of different retinal layers and results of FCP testing (n = 56 stimuli) were spatially and longitudinally analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS. At baseline, the thickness of the partial outer retinal layer (pORL, 70.21 vs. 77.47 μm) and both mesopic (16.60 vs. 18.72 dB) and scotopic (12.14 vs. 18.67 dB) retinal sensitivity were decreased in areas with RPD compared with unremarkable areas (P < 0.001). Over three years, mean change of pORL was −0.66 normative standard deviation (SD; i.e., z-score, P < 0.001) for regions with existing RPD, −0.40 SD (P < 0.001) for regions with new occurring RPD, and −0.17 SD (P = 0.041) in unremarkable regions. Decrease of scotopic and mesopic sensitivity over three years was more pronounced in areas with existing (−3.51 and −7.76 dB) and new occurring RPD (−2.06 and −5.97 dB). Structure-function analysis revealed that 1 SD decrease of pORL thickness was associated with a sensitivity reduction of 3.47 dB in scotopic and 0.79 dB in mesopic testing. CONCLUSIONS. This study demonstrates progressive outer retinal degeneration and impairment of photoreceptor function in eyes with iAMD and RPD over three years. Preservation of outer retinal thickness and reduction of RPD formation may constitute meaningful surrogate endpoints in interventional trials on eyes with AMD and RPD aiming to slow outer retinal degeneration.

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“…16 Higher background illumination is more desirable because it effectively saturates rod photoreceptors and produces cone-mediated sensitivity values. 34,52 The grid pattern is composed of testing points located at certain degrees from fixation, such as 10 , 16 , or 20 . 16,27,38 The retinal sensitivity at these points is then compared with the sensitivity of normal eyes.…”

Section: Microperimetry Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microperimetry for geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration

Csaky

Patel

Sepah

et al. 2019

Survey of Ophthalmology

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Geographic atrophy (GA) is a progressive, advanced form of age-related macular degeneration leading to visual function impairment and irreversible vision loss. Standard clinical tests to evaluate visual function in patients with GA provide poor anatomic-functional correlation, whereas fundus imaging does not assess the visual function deficit. Microperimetry is a psychophysical visual function test that spatially maps retinal sensitivity and allows for identification of correlation of anatomic features with visual function. In this review, we present an overview of mesopic microperimetry for GA, including commercially available microperimetry devices, strategies to capture a mesopic microperimetry test, and strategies to assess and interpret microperimetry data in patients with GA. We demonstrate the importance of microperimetry data for assessing GA progression and for evaluating visual function loss through anatomic-functional

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Mesopic and dark-adapted two-color fundus-controlled perimetry in patients with cuticular, reticular, and soft drusen

Cited by 46 publications

References 53 publications

Longitudinal Assessment of Rod Function in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration With and Without Reticular Pseudodrusen

Longitudinal Assessment of Rod Function in Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration With and Without Reticular Pseudodrusen

Longitudinal Analysis of Structural and Functional Changes in Presence of Reticular Pseudodrusen Associated With Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Microperimetry for geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration

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