Mesolimbocortical Dementia

Torack, Richard M.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1986.00520100078018

Cited by 41 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…According to Farina et al (1994) in PD the dysfunction of the “Complex Loop,” linking pre-frontal lobe to the basal ganglia, is combined with damage to the “Motor Loop,” a functional anatomic circuit connecting the putamen to the supplementary motor area, resulting in disruption in functions of the ascending dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic pathway and frontal cortex responsible for the motor disability and cognitive symptoms. The frontal-like neuropsychological abnormalities observed in PD in another hypothesis was attributed to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area; affecting meso-cortico-limbic pathways, causing dopamine depletion in various cortical areas, including the pre-frontal cortex ( Lees and Smith, 1983 ; Torak and Morris, 1986 ; Sharpe, 1990 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency, pattern and predictors of cognitive impairments in patients with Parkinson’s disease using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia

Ogbimi,

Akemokwe,

Ogunrin

2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder complicated by cognitive dysfunctions which are associated with increased caregiver burden, pressure on community health facilities, and mortality in affected patients. Most of the data concerning cognitive dysfunctions in PD are from studies conducted in Europe and North America, but there is paucity of data from Sub-Saharan Africa.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to determine the frequency, pattern and predictors of cognitive impairments amongst patients with Parkinson’s disease.Materials and methodsThis was a cross sectional case control study carried out at a tertiary health facility in South-south Nigeria. Participants with PD were consecutively recruited from the neurology outpatient clinics. Demographic and disease-specific data were obtained with the use of a pre-tested questionnaire. Cognitive performance of thirty patients with PD were compared with thirty demographically matched controls using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia (CSID). CSID was already validated among Nigerians.ResultsThe frequency of cognitive impairment using the CSID was 50% for PD patients (3.3% for controls). Poor cognitive performance was observed across several cognitive domains including language, executive dysfunction, psychomotor speed, and constructional apraxia among PD patients. The independent predictors of the overall cognitive impairment in patients with PD determined by logistic regression analysis include recall deficiency (p = 0.007), impairment with naming (p = 0.044), apraxia (p = 0.003), Hoen&Yahr staging (p = 0.046), UPDRS score (p = 0.015) and age at presentation (p = 0.014).ConclusionCognitive impairments occur more frequently in patients with PD compared to controls. This study also demonstrated the predictive role of severity of disease based on Hoehn &Yahr staging and UPDRS score, and presence of recall deficiency, poor naming ability and apraxia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency, pattern and predictors of cognitive impairments in patients with Parkinson’s disease using the Community Screening Instrument for Dementia

Ogbimi,

Akemokwe,

Ogunrin

2023

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Another hypothesis attributes frontal-like neuropsychological abnormalities observed in P D to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the ventrotegmental area; this loss would affect meso-cortico-limbic pathways, causing dopamine depletion in various cortical areas, including the prefrontal cortex ( 5 , 28,29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal dysfunction in early Parkinson's diseases

Farina

Cappa

Polimeni

et al. 2009

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

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Recent studies have suggested that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) share many of the behavioral deficits found following lesions to the pre‐frontal cortex. We assessed the performance of a group of 22 mildly impaired, not‐demented parkinsonians (I or II Hoehn & Yahr stage) in a test of classification and recall of pictures of familiar objects, which has been demonstrated to be sensitive to frontal damage in patients with unilateral cerebral excision. Parkinsonians utilized fewer categories than normal controls for object classification, while no significant difference was found in the immediate and delayed recall scores. These results support the contention that a subclinical dysfunction of frontal type may be present even in the early stages of PD. A subanalysis of the data suggests that this dysfunction could possibly be aggravated by anticholinergic drugs.

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