Mesocentrotus franciscanus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Rogers‐Bennett, Laura; Okamoto, Daniel K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819570-3.00032-9

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Once settled, fully competent individuals occupy cobble and other complex substrata and between 12 and 24 months become visible in benthic surveys at 1-2 cm diameter. For a full review, see Rogers-Bennett and Okamoto (2020).…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ocean climate on spatiotemporal variation in sea urchin settlement and recruitment

Okamoto

Schroeter

Reed

2020

Limnology & Oceanography

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Sea urchins are voracious herbivores that influence the ecological structure and function of nearshore ecosystems throughout the world. Like many species that produce planktonic larvae, their recruitment is thought to be particularly sensitive to climatic fluctuations that directly or indirectly affect adult reproduction and larval transport and survival. Yet how climate alters sea urchin populations in space and time by modifying larval recruitment and year‐class strength on the time‐scales that regulate populations remains understudied. Using a, spatially replicated weekly‐biweekly data set spanning 27 yr and 1100 km of coastline, we characterized seasonal, interannual, and spatial patterns of larval settlement of the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus). We show that large spatial differences in temporal patterns of larval settlement were associated with different responses to fluctuations in ocean temperature and climate. Importantly, we found a strong correlation between larval settlement and regional year class strength suggesting that such temporal and spatial variation in settlement plays an important role in controlling population dynamics. These results provide strong evidence over extensive temporal and spatial domains that climatic fluctuations shape broad‐scale patterns of larval settlement and subsequent population structure of an important marine herbivore known to control the productivity, community state, and provisioning services of marine ecosystems.

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Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ocean climate on spatiotemporal variation in sea urchin settlement and recruitment

Okamoto

Schroeter

Reed

2020

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…Given the considerable ecological and economic importance of M. franciscanus , determining how this species will be affected by continuing environmental change in coastal oceans remains an overlooked and critical area of research [ 11 ]. Due to their habitat and life history, these urchins are threatened by climate change impacts [ 12 ] such as ocean warming, which may include sudden and extreme marine heat waves [ 13 , 14 ], and ocean acidification, which may amplify the low pH conditions that episodically occur in upwelling regions [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression patterns of red sea urchins (Mesocentrotus franciscanus) exposed to different combinations of temperature and pCO2 during early development

Hofmann

2021

BMC Genomics

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Background The red sea urchin Mesocentrotus franciscanus is an ecologically important kelp forest herbivore and an economically valuable wild fishery species. To examine how M. franciscanus responds to its environment on a molecular level, differences in gene expression patterns were observed in embryos raised under combinations of two temperatures (13 °C or 17 °C) and two pCO2 levels (475 μatm or 1050 μatm). These combinations mimic various present-day conditions measured during and between upwelling events in the highly dynamic California Current System with the exception of the 17 °C and 1050 μatm combination, which does not currently occur. However, as ocean warming and acidification continues, warmer temperatures and higher pCO2 conditions are expected to increase in frequency and to occur simultaneously. The transcriptomic responses of the embryos were assessed at two developmental stages (gastrula and prism) in light of previously described plasticity in body size and thermotolerance under these temperature and pCO2 treatments. Results Although transcriptomic patterns primarily varied by developmental stage, there were pronounced differences in gene expression as a result of the treatment conditions. Temperature and pCO2 treatments led to the differential expression of genes related to the cellular stress response, transmembrane transport, metabolic processes, and the regulation of gene expression. At each developmental stage, temperature contributed significantly to the observed variance in gene expression, which was also correlated to the phenotypic attributes of the embryos. On the other hand, the transcriptomic response to pCO2 was relatively muted, particularly at the prism stage. Conclusions M. franciscanus exhibited transcriptomic plasticity under different temperatures, indicating their capacity for a molecular-level response that may facilitate red sea urchins facing ocean warming as climate change continues. In contrast, the lack of a robust transcriptomic response, in combination with observations of decreased body size, under elevated pCO2 levels suggest that this species may be negatively affected by ocean acidification. High present-day pCO2 conditions that occur due to coastal upwelling may already be influencing populations of M. franciscanus.

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“…Given the considerable ecological and economic importance of M. franciscanus, determining how this species will be affected by continuing environmental change in coastal oceans remains an overlooked and critical area of research [11]. Due to their habitat and life history, these urchins are threatened by climate change impacts [12] such as ocean warming, which may include sudden and extreme marine heat waves [13,14], and ocean acidi cation, which may amplify the low pH conditions that episodically occur in upwelling regions [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression patterns of red sea urchins (Mesocentrotus franciscanus) exposed to different combinations of temperature and pCO2 during early development

Hofmann

2020

Preprint

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Background: The red sea urchin Mesocentrotus franciscanus is an ecologically important kelp forest herbivore and an economically valuable wild fishery species. To examine how M. franciscanus responds to its environment on a molecular level, differences in gene expression patterns were observed in embryos raised under combinations of two temperatures (13 °C or 17 °C) and two pCO2 levels (475 matm or 1050 matm). These combinations mimic various present-day conditions measured during and between upwelling events in the highly dynamic California Current System with the exception of the 17 °C and 1050 matm combination, which does not currently occur. However, as ocean warming and acidification continues, warmer temperatures and higher pCO2 conditions are expected to increase in frequency and to occur simultaneously. The transcriptomic responses of the embryos were assessed at two developmental stages (gastrula and prism) in light of previously described plasticity in body size and thermotolerance under these temperature and pCO2 treatments.Results: Although transcriptomic patterns primarily varied by developmental stage, there were pronounced differences in gene expression as a result of the treatment conditions. Temperature and pCO2 treatments led to the differential expression of genes related to the cellular stress response, transmembrane transport, metabolic processes, and the regulation of gene expression. At each developmental stage, temperature contributed significantly to the observed variance in gene expression, which was also correlated to the phenotypic attributes of the embryos. On the other hand, the transcriptomic response to pCO2 was relatively muted, particularly at the prism stage.Conclusions: M. franciscanus exhibited transcriptomic plasticity under different temperatures, indicating their capacity for a molecular-level response that may facilitate red sea urchins facing ocean warming as climate change continues. In contrast, the lack of a robust transcriptomic response, in combination with observations of decreased body size, under elevated pCO2 levels suggest that this species may be negatively affected by ocean acidification. High present-day pCO2 conditions that occur due to coastal upwelling may already be influencing populations of M. franciscanus.

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Mesocentrotus franciscanus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Cited by 12 publications

References 107 publications

Effects of ocean climate on spatiotemporal variation in sea urchin settlement and recruitment

Effects of ocean climate on spatiotemporal variation in sea urchin settlement and recruitment

Gene expression patterns of red sea urchins (Mesocentrotus franciscanus) exposed to different combinations of temperature and pCO2 during early development

Gene expression patterns of red sea urchins (Mesocentrotus franciscanus) exposed to different combinations of temperature and pCO2 during early development

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