Mesenchymal stromal cells for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, and COVID-19 infection: optimizing the therapeutic potential

Gorman, Ellen; Millar, Jonathan; O’Kane, Cecilia

doi:10.1080/17476348.2021.1848555

Cited by 46 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 166 publications

(358 reference statements)

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“…Inflammation follows the secretion of cytokines and attaches to the endothelium [157]. To summarize, the immune control mechanism of the MSC involves modifying immune activity and inhibiting immune cells implicated in inflammation that reach the lungs' tissue [158][159][160][161]. These drugs also assist in the reduction of interferon IFN-production by natural killer cells (NK cells) and the alteration of the cytokine secretion profile by dendritic cells [162].…”

Section: Severe Covid-19 and Msc-based Therapy Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cell therapy for COVID-19 pneumonia

et al. 2022

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is a highly contagious microorganism, and despite substantial investigation, no progress has been achieved in treating post-COVID complications. However, the virus has made various mutations and has spread around the world. Researchers have tried different treatments to reduce the side effects of the COVID-19 symptoms. One of the most common and effective treatments now used is steroid therapy to reduce the complications of this disease. Long-term steroid therapy for chronic inflammation following COVID-19 is harmful and increases the risk of secondary infection, and effective treatment remains challenging owing to fibrosis and severe inflammation and infection. Sometimes our immune system can severely damage ourselves in disease. In the past, many researchers have conducted various studies on the immunomodulatory properties of stem cells. This property of stem cells led them to modulate the immune system of autoimmune diseases like diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's. Because of their immunomodulatory properties, stem cell-based therapy employing mesenchymal or hematopoietic stem cells may be a viable alternative treatment option in some patients. By priming the immune system and providing cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, stem cells can be employed to build a long-term regenerative and protective response. This review addresses the latest trends and rapid progress in stem cell treatment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) following COVID-19.

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Section: Severe Covid-19 and Msc-based Therapy Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cell therapy for COVID-19 pneumonia

et al. 2022

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“…MSCs may beneficially assist in the administration of the COVID-19 pandemic, as an available treatment option [147][148][149][150][151]. Currently, over 30 clinical trials, where MSCs can be potentially applied in COVID-19 as therapeutic agents, have been officially registered (Table 4).…”

Section: Application Of Mscs In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and immune system: clinical applications in immune-related diseases

et al. 2021

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Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a mesodermal stem cell population, with known self-renewal and multilineage differentiation properties. In the last century, MSCs have been widely used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering approaches. MSCs initially were isolated from bone marrow aspirates, but currently have been identified in a great number of tissues of the human body. Besides their utilization in regenerative medicine, MSCs possess significant immunoregulatory/immunosuppressive properties, through interaction with the cells of innate and adaptive immunity. MSCs can exert their immunomodulatory properties with either cell-cell contact or via paracrine secretion of molecules, such as cytokines, growth factors and chemokines. Of particular importance, the MSCs’ immunomodulatory properties are explored as promising therapeutic strategies in immune-related disorders, such as autoimmune diseases, graft versus host disease, cancer. MSCs may also have an additional impact on coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), by attenuating the severe symptoms of this disorder. Nowadays, a great number of clinical trials, of MSC-mediated therapies are evaluated for their therapeutic potential. In this review, the current knowledge on cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-mediated immunomodulation were highlighted. Also, the most important aspects, regarding their potential application in immune-related diseases, will be highlighted. The broad application of MSCs has emerged their role as key immunomodulatory players, therefore their utilization in many disease situations is full of possibilities for future clinical treatment.

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“…Several ongoing and completed trials of MSCs for ARDS and sepsis support the investigation of MSCs in patients with viral pneumonia. These studies demonstrate that MSC therapy in critically ill ARDS and sepsis patients is feasible and safe, albeit the numbers treated to date is small (see detailed review [ 113 ]). Two phase 2 studies in early ARDS demonstrate that MSCs were well tolerated [ 87 , 114 ].…”

Section: Mscs—insights From Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based therapies for severe viral pneumonia: therapeutic potential and challenges

Masterson

Ceccato

Artigas

et al. 2021

ICMx

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Severe viral pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally, whether due to outbreaks of endemic viruses, periodic viral epidemics, or the rarer but devastating global viral pandemics. While limited anti-viral therapies exist, there is a paucity of direct therapies to directly attenuate viral pneumonia-induced lung injury, and management therefore remains largely supportive. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are receiving considerable attention as a cytotherapeutic for viral pneumonia. Several properties of MSCs position them as a promising therapeutic strategy for viral pneumonia-induced lung injury as demonstrated in pre-clinical studies in relevant models. More recently, early phase clinical studies have demonstrated a reassuring safety profile of these cells. These investigations have taken on an added importance and urgency during the COVID-19 pandemic, with multiple trials in progress across the globe. In parallel with clinical translation, strategies are being investigated to enhance the therapeutic potential of these cells in vivo, with different MSC tissue sources, specific cellular products including cell-free options, and strategies to ‘licence’ or ‘pre-activate’ these cells, all being explored. This review will assess the therapeutic potential of MSC-based therapies for severe viral pneumonia. It will describe the aetiology and epidemiology of severe viral pneumonia, describe current therapeutic approaches, and examine the data suggesting therapeutic potential of MSCs for severe viral pneumonia in pre-clinical and clinical studies. The challenges and opportunities for MSC-based therapies will then be considered.

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Mesenchymal stromal cells for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, and COVID-19 infection: optimizing the therapeutic potential

Cited by 46 publications

References 166 publications

Stem cell therapy for COVID-19 pneumonia

Stem cell therapy for COVID-19 pneumonia

Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and immune system: clinical applications in immune-related diseases

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based therapies for severe viral pneumonia: therapeutic potential and challenges

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