Mesenchymal stromal cells and their secreted extracellular vesicles as therapeutic tools for COVID-19 pneumonia?

Muraca, Maurizio; Pessina, Augusto; Pozzobon, Michela; Dominici, Massimo; Galderisi, Umberto; Lazzari, Lorenza; Parolini, Ornella; Lucarelli, Enrico; Perilongo, Giorgio; Baraldi, Eugenio

doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.036

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…MSCs are heterogeneous populations of cells comprising stem cells, stromal cells, progenitor cells, and fibroblasts (Dominici et al 2006;Galderisi and Giordano, 2014). These cells are obtained from various tissues including placenta, bone marrow, cord blood, adipose tissue, Wharton jelly, dental pulp, and umbilical cord (Muraca et al 2020;O'Driscoll, 2020). MSCs are of two types, namely MSC1 (pro-inflammatory) and MSC2 (anti-inflammatory).…”

Section: Sources Of Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Role for Extracellular Vesicles in SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics and Prevention

Machhi

Shahjin

Das

et al. 2021

J Neuroimmune Pharmacol

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the common designation for ectosomes, microparticles and microvesicles serving dominant roles in intercellular communication. Both viable and dying cells release EVs to the extracellular environment for transfer of cell, immune and infectious materials. Defined morphologically as lipid bi-layered structures EVs show molecular, biochemical, distribution, and entry mechanisms similar to viruses within cells and tissues. In recent years their functional capacities have been harnessed to deliver biomolecules and drugs and immunological agents to specific cells and organs of interest or disease. Interest in EVs as putative vaccines or drug delivery vehicles are substantial. The vesicles have properties of receptors nanoassembly on their surface. EVs can interact with specific immunocytes that include antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells and other mononuclear phagocytes) to elicit immune responses or affect tissue and cellular homeostasis or disease. Due to potential advantages like biocompatibility, biodegradation and efficient immune activation, EVs have gained attraction for the development of treatment or a vaccine system against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) infection. In this review efforts to use EVs to contain SARS CoV-2 and affect the current viral pandemic are discussed. An emphasis is made on mesenchymal stem cell derived EVs' as a vaccine candidate delivery system.

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Section: Sources Of Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Role for Extracellular Vesicles in SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics and Prevention

Machhi

Shahjin

Das

et al. 2021

J Neuroimmune Pharmacol

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“…Exosomes can be mass-produced, administered systematically with minimaltoxicity, and be able to reach the cell targets more efficiently. In addition to their inherent immunomodulatory potential, the MSC-Exos can also be used as a drug-delivery system ( 100 ). MSC-Exos can be modified in vivo to release exosomes that have a higher immunomodulatory potential ( 101 ) and can be cultured using various cytokines to exhibit an anti-inflammatory state ( 102 ).…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem-cell-derived exosomes for COVID-19 treatment

et al. 2020

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The world has witnessed unimaginable damage from the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Because the pandemic is growing rapidly, it is important to consider diverse treatment options to effectively treat people worldwide. Since the immune system is at the hub of the infection, it is essential to regulate the dynamic balance in order to prevent the overexaggerated immune responses that subsequently result in multiorgan damage. The use of stem cells as treatment options has gained tremendous momentum in the past decade. The revolutionary measures in science have brought to the world mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exo) as therapeutic opportunities for various diseases. The MSCs and MSC-Exos have immunomodulatory functions; they can be used as therapy to strike a balance in the immune cells of patients with COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the basics of the cytokine storm in COVID-19, MSCs, and MSC-derived exosomes and the potential and stem-cell-based ongoing clinical trials for COVID-19. [BMB Reports 2020; 53(8): 400-412]

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“…MSC intravenously injected tend to accumulate in the lungs where they secrete numerous paracrine factors that play a relevant role in the protection and repair of lung tissue [ 195 ]. MSC acts by inhibiting apoptosis, limiting oxidative injury and enhancing regeneration [ 196 ].…”

Section: Clinical Use Of Perinatal Stem Cells In the Treatment Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Future Prospects of Perinatal Stem Cells

Torre

Flores

2020

Genes

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The placenta is a temporary organ that is discarded after birth and is one of the most promising sources of various cells and tissues for use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, both in experimental and clinical settings. The placenta has unique, intrinsic features because it plays many roles during gestation: it is formed by cells from two individuals (mother and fetus), contributes to the development and growth of an allogeneic fetus, and has two independent and interacting circulatory systems. Different stem and progenitor cell types can be isolated from the different perinatal tissues making them particularly interesting candidates for use in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. The primary source of perinatal stem cells is cord blood. Cord blood has been a well-known source of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells since 1974. Biobanked cord blood has been used to treat different hematological and immunological disorders for over 30 years. Other perinatal tissues that are routinely discarded as medical waste contain non-hematopoietic cells with potential therapeutic value. Indeed, in advanced perinatal cell therapy trials, mesenchymal stromal cells are the most commonly used. Here, we review one by one the different perinatal tissues and the different perinatal stem cells isolated with their phenotypical characteristics and the preclinical uses of these cells in numerous pathologies. An overview of clinical applications of perinatal derived cells is also described with special emphasis on the clinical trials being carried out to treat COVID19 pneumonia. Furthermore, we describe the use of new technologies in the field of perinatal stem cells and the future directions and challenges of this fascinating and rapidly progressing field of perinatal cells and regenerative medicine.

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Mesenchymal stromal cells and their secreted extracellular vesicles as therapeutic tools for COVID-19 pneumonia?

Cited by 32 publications

References 94 publications

A Role for Extracellular Vesicles in SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics and Prevention

A Role for Extracellular Vesicles in SARS-CoV-2 Therapeutics and Prevention

Immunomodulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem-cell-derived exosomes for COVID-19 treatment

Current Status and Future Prospects of Perinatal Stem Cells

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