Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for liver diseases

Abstract

The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the treatment of liver fibrosis is predominantly based on their immunosuppressive properties, and their ability to secrete various trophic factors. This potential has been investigated in clinical and preclinical studies. Although the therapeutic mechanisms of MSC transplantation are still not fully characterised, accumulating evidence has revealed that various trophic factors secreted by MSCs play key therapeutic roles in regeneration by alleviating inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis as well as stimulating angiogenesis and tissue regeneration in damaged liver. In this review, we summarise the safety, efficacy, potential transplantation routes and therapeutic effects of MSCs in patients with liver fibrosis. We also discuss some of the key strategies to enhance the functionality of MSCs, which include sorting and/or priming with factors such as cytokines, as well as genetic engineering.

Prostaglandin E 2 secreted by mesenchymal stem cells protects against acute liver failure via enhancing hepatocyte proliferation

“…However, a shortage of liver donors greatly limits liver transplantation (1). Recent studies and clinical trials have confirmed that MSC transplantation can be a potential alternative for such liver diseases (5). In our present study, we confirmed that MSCs attenuated ALF via secreting PGE 2 to promote hepatocyte proliferation.…”

Prognostic significance of inflammatory indices in hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transarterial chemoembolization: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…In the subgroup, according to the cut-off value of NLR, statistically significance was found respectively in NLR = 5.0 (HR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.44-2.11), 2.5 � NLR <5 (HR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.50-1.91), and NLR < 2.5 (HR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.77-2. 40). Surprisingly, in the NLR = 5.0 subgroup, the result indicated high statistical heterogeneity with an I 2 value of 77% (P = 0.01), whereas no significant heterogeneity between studies was found in subgroup 2.5 � NLR < 5 and subgroup NLR < 2.5, suggesting that NLR cut-off value for each study may be the source of heterogeneity of the pooled analysis.…”

Response Relating Factors of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation in Patients with Alcoholic Cirrhosis

“…With recent advancements and research-related cell therapies, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) have demonstrated improved clinical applications because of their accessibility, expandability, and multipotentiality [6]. Various MSCs have been transplanted for the treatment of liver cirrhosis [7,8]. Recently, the positive influence of MSCs transplantation has been reaffirmed against alcoholic cirrhosis (AC), including clinical trials for autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) transplantation to patients with AC, that have shown the affirmative response of MSCs to reduce liver cirrhosis and improve liver function.…”

“…Therapeutic potentials of MSCs include their immunosuppressive properties, their ability to secrete various trophic factors and hepatic regeneration [8,12]. After the homing of MSCs to at injured tissue sites for repair, when in contact with local stimuli, such as inflammatory cytokines and ligands of toll-like receptors (TLRs), these stimuli can trigger MSCs to release a broad spectrum of bioactive molecules related with tissue remodeling and regeneration [10].…”