Mesenchymal Stem or Stromal Cells: Toward a Better Understanding of Their Biology?

Lindner, Ulrich; Kramer, Jan; Rohwedel, Jürgen; Schlenke, Peter

doi:10.1159/000290897

Cited by 140 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…However, the detailed mechanism of MSC-based immune therapy is not fully elucidated [34]. Although many types of MSC surface molecules were identified and some subpopulations could be isolated according to the surface markers [35], no specific functional MSC subpopulation has ever been successfully characterized, presenting a significant obstacle to the development of an effective MSC-based therapy. Thus, it is necessary to study the heterogeneity of MSCs to identify their different functional subsets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A subset of IL-17+ mesenchymal stem cells possesses anti-Candida albicans effect

et al. 2012

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A subset of IL-17+ mesenchymal stem cells possesses anti-Candida albicans effect

et al. 2012

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“…These cells were initially referred to as plastic-adherent cells or colony forming-unit fi broblasts and subsequently as either mesenchymal stem cells or marrow stromal cells (MSCs) (Minguell et al, 2001;Lindnera et al, 2010;Kolf et al, 2007). There is much interest in these cells because of their ability to serve as a feeder layer for the growth of hematopoietic stem cells, their multipotentiality for diff erentiation, and their possible use for both cell and gene therapy (Minguell et al, 2001;Kolf et al, 2007).…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Mscs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Osteoporosis, differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves bone marrow adipogenesis

2012

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The formation, maintenance, and repair of bone tissue involve close interlinks between two stem cell types housed in the bone marrow: the hematologic stem cell originating osteoclasts and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) generating osteoblasts. In this review, we consider malfunctioning of MSCs as essential for osteoporosis. In osteoporosis, increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures result from increased osteoclastogenesis and insuffi cient osteoblastogenesis. MSCs are the common precursors for both osteoblasts and adipocytes, among other cell types. MSCs´ commitment towards either the osteoblast or adipocyte lineages depends on suitable regulatory factors activating lineage-specifi c transcriptional regulators. In osteoporosis, the reciprocal balance between the two diff erentiation pathways is altered, facilitating adipose accretion in bone marrow at the expense of osteoblast formation; suggesting that under this condition MSCs activity and their microenvironment may be disturbed. We summarize research on the properties of MSCs isolated from the bone marrow of control and osteoporotic post-menopausal women. Our observations indicate that intrinsic properties of MSCs are disturbed in osteoporosis. Moreover, we found that the regulatory conditions in the bone marrow fl uid of control and osteoporotic patients are signifi cantly diff erent. These conclusions should be relevant for the use of MSCs in therapeutic applications.

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“…These stromal cells, variously known as mesenchymal stem cells, marrow stromal stem cells, or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), are capable of differentiation to give rise to bone (osteocytes), cartilage (chondrocytes) and fat (adipocytes) [11] when induced ex vivo. In addition to bone marrow, these cells have been reported in an increasing range of tissues including peripheral blood [12], umbilical cord blood [13], placenta [14], amniotic fluid and membrane [15,16], dental pulp [17], deciduous teeth [18] and adipose tissue [19].…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of Human Stem Cells for Clinical Application: A Review

Hunt¹

2011

Transfus Med Hemother

276

207

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Stem cells have been used in a clinical setting for many years. Haematopoietic stem cells have been used for the treatment of both haematological and non-haematological disease; while more recently mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow have been the subject of both laboratory and early clinical studies. Whilst these cells show both multipotency and expansion potential, they nonetheless do not form stable cell lines in culture which is likely to limit the breadth of their application in the field of regenerative medicine. Human embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells, capable of forming stable cell lines which retain the capacity to differentiate into cells from all three germ layers. This makes them of special significance in both regenerative medicine and toxicology. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells may also provide a similar breadth of utility without some of the confounding ethical issues surrounding embryonic stem cells. An essential pre-requisite to the commercial and clinical application of stem cells are suitable cryopreservation protocols for long-term storage. Whilst effective methods for cryopreservation and storage have been developed for haematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic cells and iPS cells have proved more refractory. This paper reviews the current state of cryopreservation as it pertains to stem cells and in particular the embryonic and iPS cell.

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Mesenchymal Stem or Stromal Cells: Toward a Better Understanding of Their Biology?

Cited by 140 publications

References 109 publications

A subset of IL-17+ mesenchymal stem cells possesses anti-Candida albicans effect

A subset of IL-17+ mesenchymal stem cells possesses anti-Candida albicans effect

In Osteoporosis, differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves bone marrow adipogenesis

Cryopreservation of Human Stem Cells for Clinical Application: A Review

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