Mesenchymal stem cells and oncolytic viruses: joining forces against cancer

Moreno, Rafael

doi:10.1136/jitc-2020-001684

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Besides the many unique properties of MSCs, these lowly differentiated cells can also differentiate to CAFs and gain their full properties. This behaviour, however, also substantiated the proposal of a new therapeutic strategy based on the loading of MSCs with oncolytic viruses to destroy cancer cells [67,68].…”

Section: Origin Of Cafsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Influence the Biological Properties of Malignant Tumours via Paracrine Secretion and Exosome Production

Vokurka

Lacina

Brábek

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an essential component of the tumour microenvironment. They represent a heterogeneous group of cells that are under the control of cancer cells and can reversely influence the cancer cell population. They affect the cancer cell differentiation status, and the migration and formation of metastases. This is achieved through the production of the extracellular matrix and numerous bioactive factors. IL-6 seems to play the central role in the communication of noncancerous and cancer cells in the tumour. This review outlines the role of exosomes in cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Available data on the exosomal cargo, which can significantly intensify interactions in the tumour, are summarised. The role of exosomes as mediators of the dialogue between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts is discussed together with their therapeutic relevance. The functional unity of the paracrine- and exosome-mediated communication of cancer cells with the tumour microenvironment represented by CAFs is worthy of attention.

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Section: Origin Of Cafsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Influence the Biological Properties of Malignant Tumours via Paracrine Secretion and Exosome Production

Vokurka

Lacina

Brábek

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Once oncolytic virus infection occurs, an anti-tumor immune response is activated, and immunogenic cell death of the infected cells and neighboring tumor cells is induced. Thus, oncolytic virus therapy can be expected to afford a vaccination effect [88]. MSCs can be developed as a suitable vehicle for oncolytic viruses, as several oncolytic viruses are immunogenic and lack tumor tropism [88].…”

Section: Preclinical Study Of Msc-based Cancer Gene Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, oncolytic virus therapy can be expected to afford a vaccination effect [88]. MSCs can be developed as a suitable vehicle for oncolytic viruses, as several oncolytic viruses are immunogenic and lack tumor tropism [88]. However, many genetically engineered oncolytic viruses are designed to be activated in cancer cells.…”

Section: Preclinical Study Of Msc-based Cancer Gene Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as next-generation drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics

Takayama

Kusamori

Nishikawa

2021

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

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Introduction: Drug delivery to solid tumors remains a significant therapeutic challenge. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) home to tumor tissues and can be employed as tumor targeted drug/gene delivery vehicles. Reportedly, therapeutic gene-or anti-cancer drug-loaded MSCs have shown remarkable anti-tumor effects in preclinical studies, and some clinical trials for assessing therapeutic MSCs in patients with cancer have been registered. Areas covered: In the present review, we first discuss the source and interdonor heterogeneity of MSCs, their tumor-homing mechanism, and the route of MSC administration in MSC-based cancer therapy. We then summarize the therapeutic applications of MSCs as a drug delivery vehicle for therapeutic genes or anti-cancer drugs and the drug delivery mechanism from drug-loaded MSCs to cancer cells. Expert opinion: Although numerous preclinical studies have revealed significant anti-tumor effects, several clinical trials assessing MSC-based cancer gene therapy have failed to demonstrate corroborative results, documenting limited therapeutic effects. Notably, a successful clinical outcome with MSC-based cancer therapy would require the interdonor heterogeneity of administered MSCs to be resolved, along with improved tumor-homing efficiency and optimized drug delivery efficiency from MSCs to cancer cells.

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“…Several approaches are being tested to maximize the delivered dose, such as finding the optimal packaging material (polymers, nanoparticles, liposomes, etc. ), incorporation of cell-targeting ligands, cell carrier systems, and other methods including ultrasound or magnetic targeting [ 75 , 76 , 77 ].…”

Section: Antitumor Immunity Through Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines as Priming Tools for T Cell Therapy for Epithelial Cancers

Kandalaft

Harari

2021

Cancers

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Impressive progress has recently been made in the field of cancer immunotherapy with the adoptive transfer of T cells, a successful personalized strategy, and checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) having extended the survival of numerous patients. However, not all patients have been able to benefit from these innovations. A key determinant of the responsiveness to cancer immunotherapies is the presence of T cells within the tumors. These tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are crucial in controlling tumor growth and their activity is being potentiated by immunotherapies. Although some epithelial cancers are associated with spontaneous T-cell and B-cell responses, which makes them good candidates for immunotherapies, it remains to create strategies that would promote lymphocyte infiltration and enable sustained immune responses in immune-resistant tumors. Therapeutic cancer vaccines hold the potential of being able to render “cold”, poorly infiltrated tumors into “hot” tumors that would be receptive to cellular immunotherapies. In this review, we elaborate on the obstacles that need to be overcome and the strategies that are being explored to that end, including various types of antigen repertoires and different vaccine platforms and combinations with other available treatments.

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Mesenchymal stem cells and oncolytic viruses: joining forces against cancer

Cited by 22 publications

References 83 publications

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Influence the Biological Properties of Malignant Tumours via Paracrine Secretion and Exosome Production

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Influence the Biological Properties of Malignant Tumours via Paracrine Secretion and Exosome Production

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as next-generation drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapeutics

Vaccines as Priming Tools for T Cell Therapy for Epithelial Cancers

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