Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration and Tissue Repair

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multilineage cells with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of cell types, which play key roles in tissue healing and regenerative medicine. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are the most frequently used stem cells in cell therapy and tissue engineering. However, it is prerequisite for BMSCs to mobilize from bone marrow and migrate into injured tissues during the healing process, through peripheral circulation. The migration of BMSCs is regulated by mechanical and chemical factors in this trafficking process. In this paper, we review the effects of several main regulatory factors on BMSC migration and its underlying mechanism; discuss two critical roles of BMSCs—namely, directed differentiation and the paracrine function—in tissue repair; and provide insight into the relationship between BMSC migration and tissue repair, which may provide a better guide for clinical applications in tissue repair through the efficient regulation of BMSC migration.

SDF-1/CXCR4 Axis-mediated Migration of Systematically Transplanted Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Towards the Injured Spinal Cord in a Rat Model

“…While the migratory behavior of MSCs has now been extensively reported [29], we have yet to determine what signal guides migration of MSCs to speci c in vivo targets. If such a signal exists, what molecule mediates the migration of MSCs?…”

Improved Isolation and Culture of Urine-Derived Stem Cells (USCs) and Enhanced Production of Immune Cells from the USC-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

“…In particular, the growth rate of the Matrigel + Y-27632 group was increased to more than 3-fold as compared to the gelatin (control) group at 72 h ( Figure 3A). The migration of MSCs is closely related with their therapeutic efficacy [62][63][64]. To examine the migration ability of USCs, we performed a wound healing assay.…”

Secretion, migration and adhesion as key processes in the therapeutic activity of mesenchymal stem cells

“…It turns out that not only the source of stem cells and the number of passages, but also the method of cell isolation and culture can have a relevant impact on the migratory potential of MSCs (Ode et al, 2011). It has been shown that an important issue to consider in the migration studies is the appropriate method of culture and medium supplementation, which allows the cells to optimally grow and release factors that are pivotal during the MSCs migration process after their transplantation (Fu et al, 2019). The MMP matrix metalloproteinases that are necessary for efficiency migration and homing of MSCs play an important role in this process.…”