Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: a Systematic Review of Preclinical In Vivo Studies

Meng, Hui; Cheng, Weiting; Wang, Lei; Chen, Shiqi; Teng, Yuou; Lu, Ziwen; Li, Yang; Zhao, Mingjing

doi:10.1007/s12265-021-10168-y

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The results demonstrated the excellent tolerance of hUCMSC-Exos in animal models [ 94 ]. Moreover, exosomes, as inert vesicles, reduce the risk of long-term side effects, such as arrhythmias, calcification, and thrombosis [ 95 , 96 ]. Unlike MSCs, exosomes lack replication capability, thereby avoiding uncontrolled division and greatly reducing the risk of tumour formation during proliferation [ 97 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a promising alternative in the therapy of preeclampsia

Shi,

Yang,

Cui

et al. 2024

Stem Cell Res Ther

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Preeclampsia (PE) is a common morbid complication during pregnancy, affecting 2%-8% of pregnancies globally and posing serous risks to the health of both mother and fetus. Currently, the only effective treatment for PE is timely termination of pregnancy, which comes with increased perinatal risks. However, there is no effective way to delay pathological progress and improve maternal and fetal outcomes. In light of this, it is of great significance to seek effective therapeutic strategies for PE. Exosomes which are nanoparticles carrying bioactive substances such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, have emerged as a novel vehicle for intercellular communication. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) participate in various important physiological processes, including immune regulation, cell proliferation and migration, and angiogenesis, and have shown promising potential in tissue repair and disease treatment. Recently, MSC-Exos therapy has gained popularity in the treatment of ischaemic diseases, immune dysfunction, inflammatory diseases, and other fields due to their minimal immunogenicity, characteristics similar to donor cells, ease of storage, and low risk of tumor formation. This review elaborates on the potential therapeutic mechanism of MSC-Exos in treating preeclampsia, considering the main pathogenic factors of the condition, including placental vascular dysplasia, immunological disorders, and oxidative stress, based on the biological function of MSC-Exos. Additionally, we discuss in depth the advantages and challenges of MSC-Exos as a novel acellular therapeutic agent in preeclampsia treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a promising alternative in the therapy of preeclampsia

Shi,

Yang,

Cui

et al. 2024

Stem Cell Res Ther

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“…This review highlights the diverse range of exosome sources and contents that can mitigate injury, promote tissue repair, and regenerate after MI. Preclinical evidence of exosome efficacy in animal models of MI is abundant [104,176], with MSC-derived exosomes showing strong potential in many studies [177]. Although most exosome research is preclinical, there have been clinical trials that have initially verified the safety of exosomes, proving that exosomes purified by current methods may already be safe to use in patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the study of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction

Liu

Wang

et al. 2023

Cell Commun Signal

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Acute myocardial infarction has long been the leading cause of death in coronary heart disease, which is characterized by irreversible cardiomyocyte death and restricted blood supply. Conventional reperfusion therapy can further aggravate myocardial injury. Stem cell therapy, especially with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has emerged as a promising approach to promote cardiac repair and improve cardiac function. MSCs may induce these effects by secreting exosomes containing therapeutically active RNA, proteins and lipids. Notably, normal cardiac function depends on intracardiac paracrine signaling via exosomes, and exosomes secreted by cardiac cells can partially reflect changes in the heart during disease, so analyzing these vesicles may provide valuable insights into the pathology of myocardial infarction as well as guide the development of new treatments. The present review examines how exosomes produced by MSCs and cardiac cells may influence injury after myocardial infarction and serve as therapies against such injury. Graphical Abstract

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“…Angiogenesis is a crucial repair mechanism that aids in improving cardiac function after myocardial infarction. 51 MSC-derived exosomes have been found to exert pro-angiogenic effects similar to MSCs, primarily through MSC paracrine signaling 52 (Table 1). miRNA plays a significant role in regulating endothelial cell function, particularly in angiogenesis.…”

Section: Promoting Angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes in myocardial infarction: Therapeutic potential and application

Li,

Tang,

Yin

et al. 2023

The Journal of Gene Medicine

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Myocardial infarction refers to the irreversible impairment of cardiac function resulting from the permanent loss of numerous cardiomyocytes and the formation of scar tissue. This condition is caused by acute and persistent inadequate blood supply to the heart's arteries. In the treatment of myocardial infarction, Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role because of their powerful therapeutic effects.These effects primarily stem from the paracrine secretion of multiple factors by MSCs, with exosome‐carried microRNAs being the most effective component in promoting cardiac function recovery after infarction. Exosome therapy has emerged as a promising cell‐free treatment for myocardial infarction as a result of its relatively simple composition, low immunogenicity and controlled transplantation dose. Despite these advantages, maintaining the stability of exosomes after transplantation and enhancing their targeting effect remain significant challenges in clinical applications. In recent developments, several approaches have been designed to optimize exosome therapy. These include enhancing exosome retention, improving their ability to target specific effects, pretreating MSC‐derived exosomes and employing transgenic MSC‐derived exosomes. This review primarily focuses on describing the biological characteristics of exosomes, their therapeutic potential and their application in treating myocardial infarction.

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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: a Systematic Review of Preclinical In Vivo Studies

Cited by 11 publications

References 82 publications

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a promising alternative in the therapy of preeclampsia

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a promising alternative in the therapy of preeclampsia

Advances in the study of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction

Mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes in myocardial infarction: Therapeutic potential and application

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